Sentences with phrase «affected offspring by»

The results revealed the dog's genotype and enabled breeders to avoid producing affected offspring by not doing crosses which could produce them.

Not exact matches

If an individual acquires a character during its lifetime, that does not increase the probability that its offspring will exhibit the character; but if the development of some members of a population are affected by the environment in ways which improve their chance of leaving offspring, this will obviously increase their contribution to later generations, that is to say, their natural selective value; and the frequency of that character in later generations will be increased, not by any physiological or genetical change, but by the operation of selection.

She and colleagues also learned that offspring could be affected differently by parental Holocaust trauma based on whether it was the mother or father who was exposed.

The process by which a mother's diet during pregnancy can permanently affect her offspring's attributes, such as weight, could be strongly influenced by genetic variation in an unexpected part of the genome, according to research led by Queen Mary University of London (QMUL).

I was fascinated to learn that trauma experienced by mice can affect their offspring through epigenetic transfer (6 November, p...

But because the vinclozolin - induced fertility changes occurred in almost every male rat descended from a treated mother rather than in a small percentage of offspring (as is seen in germ line mutations caused by radiation), Skinner suspects an epigenetic mechanism — a change that doesn't mutate the DNA sequence of an animal, but rather affects how genes are expressed.

Female offspring, whose mothers had diabetes, were more often affected by MetS, higher glucose levels, and body fat content, rather than female offspring of fathers with diabetes, or no parent diseased at all.

This study describes for the first time that suboptimal IVC affects male fertility and that a paternal IVC effect induces intergenerational transmission of a glucose metabolism alteration and hepatomegaly phenotype to their male offspring, confirming that programming events triggered by preimplantational growth restrictions may induce persistent and transmissible phenotypic abnormalities in subsequent generations.

«In this study, biological offspring with two previous generations affected with major depression were at highest risk for major depression,» concluded a team led by Myrna Weissman of Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, in New York City.

Owners or adopters of non-purebred dogs can also help by sterilizing their pets before they become sexually mature to prevent any possibility of producing affected offspring.

Stud Dog owners should disclose to owners of bitches who wish to use their dog that the dog is a known carrier (by virtue of it being out of an affected parent or having itself sired affected offspring, or by virtue of it having been genetically identified as a carrier for the Cord1 mutation), even though the Stud Dog may himself have a current clinically clear eye certificate.

We do test all our breeding stock... carriers are not discarded, but will only be bred to a clear mate therefore offspring will either be clear or a carrier and a carrier will never exhibit symptoms or be affected by the disorder.

The occurrence of renal disease in young Shih - Tzu puppies and the fact that usually more than one puppy in a litter and in some instances, the entire litter is affected leads us to suspect it is inherited and that every effort should be made by Shih - Tzu breeders to avoid breeding any stock whose former offspring have been affected.

In the Cocker spaniel we have found that the risk of getting affected offspring increases when one or more parents are affected by distichiasis, suggesting the accumulation of presumed predisposing genes.

I.e., in offspring produced by one affected and one unaffected parent the relative risk was 1.3 times higher compared to the risk in offspring produced by two unaffected dogs.

In offspring produced by two affected dogs the relative risk was 1.4 times higher compared to offspring from the previously mentioned mating combination and 1.8 times higher compared to offspring produced by two unaffected dogs.

Recessive = two copies of a gene must be present before a dog is affected by the disease or trait, thus a carrier would have one copy of the gene to pass on to offspring but would not actually have the disease or trait.

By using relative - risk assessment to breed him to a female that is at low risk of being a carrier, you can prevent affected offspring, and select a quality son for replacement.

Test breeding of epileptic dams and sires done by veterinary researchers have produced incidences of epilepsy in the offspring ranging from between 38 % (affected to nonaffected) to 100 % (breeding together of two affected dogs).

In subsequent generations a carrier mated to a carrier, say, Cockapoo to Cockapoo (known as the F2 generation) could produce offspring which are affected by the recessive disease.

A dog or bitch that has produced offspring with an inheritable disease, or that has a sire or dam affected by an inheritable disease is considered a carrier of that condition.

A significant decrease in litter size occurred if one of two affected parents had coloboma (3.8 pups) compared with litters from two chorioretinal dysplasia -(CRD --RRB- affected collies (5.2 pups) or litters by two normal collies (5.0 pups), indicating an influence of the coloboma genotype on offspring vitality.

In fact, when both parents are affected by a personality disorder the rate of occurrence in their offspring is even higher.

Optimal caregiving has been shown to affect brain, behaviour and socio - emotional development of the offspring.1, 2 Children rapidly acquire new motor, verbal, socio - emotional and cognitive skills that are accompanied by changes in their parental needs.3 As infants transition into toddlerhood, parents are expected to adjust their parental behaviours and strategies to not only comfort, but also to stimulate, direct and discipline their child.

Both theory and research on within - family differences suggest that when parents» health declines, sibling relations may be affected by which children assume care and whether siblings perceive that the parent favors some offspring over others.

Despite several studies which have begun to demonstrate that maternal anxiety during pregnancy can negatively affect offspring neurodevelopment, little attention has been given to postpartum maternal anxiety both by clinicians and researchers.

Research also needs to adequately control for covariates that may confound the effects of PAE, such as family processes (eg, problematic parenting or family conflict) and parental characteristics, especially maternal substance use.1, 12 Researchers also need to account for genetic liabilities that are shared by parents and offspring.13, 14 A woman's genetic risk of substance use could be passed down to her children and subsequently affect their behavior.15 Research on the consequences of PAE, therefore, needs studies with large samples, with sufficient statistical power to detect small effects, using analytical methods and designs that can account for potential confounds, including factors that are not measured.

By extending this into adulthood, literature suggests that females transmit a greater risk to their offspring than affected males [16, 31].

This could provide a stressful environment for the offspring by affecting mother - child interactions and infant stress reactivity [50].