Researchers investigated this question in a study of people in dating relationships recruited online (average
age of participants = 24 years old; 90 % heterosexual).
Data from a large - scale study of over 1,100 married, opposite - sex couples in Ireland (more than 2,200 individuals), in which at least one spouse was over 60 years of age (average
age of participants = 67 years old), was used to investigate loneliness among older adults.
Not exact matches
In this pilot,
participants were recruited using convenience sampling, including both genders, and a variety
of age groups (n
= 10).
Participants Healthy full - term newborns (n
= 3240)(≥ 37 weeks estimated gestational
age) during the first 24 hours
of life.
Participant characteristics: mean
age: 24.4 years; married n
= 47 (78 %); white n
= 55 (93 %); completed high school n
= 58 (97 %); income
of USD ≤ 20,000 n
= 13 (22 %)
The scale is strongly correlated with visual analog scale responses
of children
aged 5 — 12 y (r
= 0.93, n
= 76 nonclinical
participants; r
= 0.92, n
= 45 clinical
participants)(18).
Data were analysed for the remaining 17
participants (mean
age = 26.29 years, SD
= 2.37 years; mean experience in most experienced instrument
= 13.76 years, SD
= 6.00 years, seven
of whom were conservatory - level).
Design, Setting, and
Participants Cases (n
= 2014) with a first acute nonfatal MI and population - based controls (n
= 2014) living in Costa Rica between 1994 and 2004, matched for
age, sex, and area
of residence, were genotyped by restriction fragment — length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction.
Age was also significantly negatively correlated with the total number
of offline methods
participants reported having used to meet others, r
= −.28, p <.001.
Estimates
of time spent browsing personals ads, r
=.19, p <.05, as well as total time engaged in online dating activity, r
=.19, p <.05, and the ratio
of total time engaged in online activity to total time online, r
=.24, p <.01, all increased slightly with
participant age.
The corresponding correlation between
age and number
of responses received was also positive but failed to achieve significance, r
=.16, ns, and the correlations between
age and
participants» estimates
of the proportion
of responses that were favorable and unfavorable were nonsignificant (p s
=.10) and close to 0 (r s <.04).
Children with rare (i.e., prevalence
= 5 %) processing speed strengths and weaknesses were matched on
age, race, gender, parents» education level, and general ability with an equal number
of comparison
participants without unusual processing speed profiles.
Participants (N
= 120; mean
age = 19.73; SD
= 5.28; range
= 17 — 53; females
= 67 %) were students in the School
of Psychology at the University
of Western Australia who took part in the study in exchange for course credits.
The children
of the
participants were 51 % female and had a mean
age of 3.3 years (SD
= 0.8) at the point
of initial recruitment.
Two - thirds
of the
participants (68.0 %) were in the older cohort; at Time 1, their mean
age was 15.8 years (SD
= 0.8) and at Time 2 their mean
age was 20.4 years (SD
= 0.8).
Women who agreed to participate in the study (N
= 439) represented about 80 %
of those who were eligible.10
Participants in the intervention groups (PP+HS vs HS only) differed from those in the UC group on 2 potential confounds, maternal education and maternal
age (Table 2).
The
participants had a mean
age of 12.6 years (SD
= 2.6 years); 50.2 %
of them were girls and 32.5 % were members
of ethnic minorities.
One - third
of the
participants (32.0 %) were in the younger cohort; at Time 1, their mean
age was 12.8 years (SD
= 0.8) and at Time 2 their mean
age was 17.2 years (SD
= 0.6).
Participants Adolescents (
aged 12 — 18) with low mood / depression were assessed for eligibility, 91
of whom met the inclusion criteria and were consented and randomised to Stressbusters (n
= 45) or websites (n
= 46) using remote computerised single allocation.
We used EHCs as recruitment sites because they provide health - related information that can be used for eligibility screening purposes, and their clients are usually willing to participate in health - related studies endorsed by the Department
of Health, HKSAR.37 Although EHCs» clients are representative
of the general population
of older adults in terms
of age and SES, 37 they tend to be more health conscious.38 To examine the potential bias (better mental health) associated with recruiting
participants from the EHCs, we recruited approximately 30 %
of the sample (n
= 258) from elderly community centres with no formal provision
of medical and health services.
METHODS:
Participants were 1994 women (mean
age = 31 years) and their infants, who were recruited in pregnancy as part
of a prospective longitudinal cohort from 2008 to 2010.
At second wave the mean
age of the
participants was 13.55 years (SD
= 0.54), and girls constituted 51.2 %
of the sample.
Participants Representative population - based sample
of non-institutionalised youth
aged between 0 and 17 years (n
= 17 450) and examined between 2003 and 2006.
The analyses also included
age, race / ethnicity (three binary variables for Black, Hispanic and other ethnicity, coded with Whites as the reference group), gender, household income and parental education, media - viewing habits — hours watching television on a school day and how often the
participant viewed movies together with his / her parents — and receptivity to alcohol marketing (based on whether or not the adolescent owned alcohol - branded merchandise at waves 2 — 4).31 Family predictors included perceived inhome availability
of alcohol, subject - reported parental alcohol use (assessed at the 16 M survey and assumed to be invariant) and perceptions
of authoritative parenting (α
= 0.80).32 Other covariates included school performance, extracurricular participation, number
of friends who used alcohol, weekly spending money, sensation seeking (4 - wave Cronbach's α range
= 0.57 — 0.62) 33 and rebelliousness (0.71 — 0.76).34 All survey items are listed in table S1.
The
ages of participants ranged from 18 to 29 years old (M
= 22.31 for males, SD
= 1.29; and M
= 20.31 for females, SD
= 1.07), with 200 males and 201 females.
The
participants included 115 children (43.5 % female) between 46.5 and 69.6 months
of age (mean [SD], 50.73 [4.98] months) who had been previously randomly assigned to either the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch - up (ABC) intervention (n
= 54) or the control intervention (n
= 61).
Thirty - eight percent
of the supervisor
participants were female, the average
age was 42.9 (SD
= 12.43), 90.4 % were Caucasian,.7 % were African — American, 2.7 % were Asian, 1.4 were Native American, and the remaining 2.1 % were either «other» or not reported.
Fifty - seven percent
of the employee
participants were female, the average
age was 36.6 (SD
= 10.97), 78.0 % were Caucasian, 1.8 % were African — American, 3.9 % were Hispanic, 4.7 % was Asian, 6.3 were Native American, and the remaining 3 % were either «other» or not reported.
The mean
age of the Egyptian
participants was 19.33 years, SD
= 1.14.
The present study explored both individual and relationship - level risk factors and their associations with physical victimization and perpetration across more than 10 years using a community sample
of 200
participants (50 % female; M
age Wave 1
= 15.8).
Participants (N girls
= 127; M
age = 14.50; N boys
= 121; M
age = 14.31) completed self - report questionnaires
of attachment to parents and peers, emotion regulation and depression.
Participants were between 16 and 65 years
of age (M
= 29.92, SD
= 10.50).
The average
age of the
participants was 10.31 years (SD
= 1.43) ranging from
age 9 to 12.
Participant Demographic Information Variables Mother's
age Child's
age (N
= 233) M / SD 31.33 (6.04) M / SD 3.32 (1.03) Percentage 79.8 % 5.2 % 4.7 % 4.3 % 1.3 % 1.3 % 3.4 % Percentage 1.3 % 6.9 % 7.7 % 13.7 % 12.0 % 11.2 % 9.4 % 37.6 % Percentage 8.6 % 3.9 % 36.1 % 38.2 % 12.4 % 0.9 % Percentage 9.4 % 14.2 % 73.0 % 1.3 % 1.3 % 0.9 % Sample The sample examined for this study consisted
of 233 mothers who had young children between 2 and 5 years old.
Mean
age of the
participants was 29 years (SD
= 9.1 years).
Participants»
age ranged from 18 to 21 years (M
= 18.81; SD
=.95), with a total
of 66 % females.
This study examines developmental differences in flexible goal adjustment (FGA) regarding
age and gender in a sample
of N
= 815
participants (10 to 20 years; M
= 13.63, SD
= 2.60, 48.5 % male).
The mean
age of the
participants was 22.62 years (SD
= 4.10 years; range was 19 to 48).
Participants: 60 children with normal intelligence, 3 (n
= 13), 4 (n
= 24), 5 (n
= 23) years
of age, mean: 56.1 (SD 8.7) months.
Participants (N
= 488) were part
of the Child / Adolescent Anxiety Multi-modal study (CAMS),
ages 7 — 17 years (M
= 10.69; SD
= 2.80).
To investigate the link between attachment to parents and delinquency, and the potential moderating effects
of age and sex, 74 published and unpublished manuscripts (N
= 55,537
participants) were subjected to a multilevel meta - analysis.
Participants were 302 Latino / a recent immigrant adolescents (53.3 % boys, M
age = 14.51 years at Time 1, SD
=.88 years) who completed measures
of discrimination, depressive symptoms, and prosocial behaviors at 6 - month intervals.
To examine whether the emotions in the emotion picture book were interpreted as they were intended, we asked 67 respondents (36 % male) between 20 and 63 years
of age (M
= 34.0, SD
= 12.9) with a similar socioeconomic background as the
participants in the main study to label the emotions
of the children in the pictures.
Participants (N
= 487; 73.9 % Caucasian; 52.6 % female; mean
age 22.23 years) completed the GMQ and questionnaire measures
of gambling behaviour and problems.
Participants were a subset of a larger sample who met formal criteria for: 1) DSM - IV diagnosis [40] of antisocial behaviour problems (ODD or CD) using DISCAP structured interview [41]; 2) aged from 3 — 16 years for the genetic sample (M = 7.61, SD = 3.12) and aged 4 — 12 years for the serum sample (M = 6.89, SD = 2.25); 3) no major neurological / physical illness; 4) IQ > 75; 5) have at least one set of measures of serotonin system SNPs or serum serotonin levels; 6) all known (at least 3) grandparents of Caucasian background (for participants included in the genetics sample); 7) provided written paren
Participants were a subset
of a larger sample who met formal criteria for: 1) DSM - IV diagnosis [40]
of antisocial behaviour problems (ODD or CD) using DISCAP structured interview [41]; 2)
aged from 3 — 16 years for the genetic sample (M
= 7.61, SD
= 3.12) and
aged 4 — 12 years for the serum sample (M
= 6.89, SD
= 2.25); 3) no major neurological / physical illness; 4) IQ > 75; 5) have at least one set
of measures
of serotonin system SNPs or serum serotonin levels; 6) all known (at least 3) grandparents
of Caucasian background (for
participants included in the genetics sample); 7) provided written paren
participants included in the genetics sample); 7) provided written parental consent.
In order to minimize the effect
of widowhood (see Federal Statistical Office Germany, 2013b) for the analysis, a subsample
of 1,676
participants was used,
aged 18 to 60 (M
= 41.0, SD
= 12.3).
Mean
age of participants was 25.4 (SD
= 6.13), and 55.5 % were female; 76.4 %
of the
participants had a high school degree or less, 41 % had a job, and 40 % were students.
This article utilizes a subset
of 308
participants (157 men and 151 women; mean
age = 51) whose only living parent was their mother (Table 1).
The
participants were
aged 18 to 60 (M
= 41.0, SD
= 12.3); 54 %
of the sample were female, and 40 % were single.
Participants were 50 adolescents with IBD and their parents and parents
of 42 healthy comparison adolescents (M
age = 14.39 years, 59 % male, 87 % Caucasian).