Vascular dysfunction in young, mid-aged and
aged mice with latent cytomegalovirus infections.
In
aged mice with diabetes (represented on the right), Tregs are overexpressed in fat tissue and trigger insulin resistance.
Not exact matches
Making that mistake is even more costly in an
age of increasingly short attention spans and technological tools that make it easy to find some other diversion
with a quick click of the computer
mouse or the swipe of a finger on a smartphone.
Here she's posing outside No 10
with a selection of tiny knitted hats to support Help the
Aged — we presume they're for the Downing Street
mice Larry the cat has since failed to catch.
In The EMBO Journal, they reported that NAD levels decreased
with age in the
mouse hippocampus, a vital region of the brain for cognition.
Now,
ageing mice have been given a new lease of life after being injected
with a drug that jump - starts their mitochondria.
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This
age period is associated
with a decline in reproductive function and egg quality in both humans and
mice.
To find out more about what underlies the cognitive decline that occurs
with ageing, André Fischer of the European Neuroscience Institute in Göttingen, Germany, and colleagues analysed DNA from the brains of both young and old
mice that had been set tasks involving learning and memory.
Shown are a
mouse with a premature
aging disease called progeria (left) and a
mouse with progeria that got reprogramming treatments (right).
Additional research could make clear whether the post-natal role of huntingtin tapers off
with age in humans in the same way that it does in
mice.
Finally,
mice in which the Hand2 gene was specifically deleted in the endometrium developed precancerous endometrial lesions
with age.
Researchers have found that a diet enriched
with omega - 3 helps repair and prevent retinal damage in
mice, a discovery
with potential for preventing blindness in premature infants and adults suffering from
age - related macular degeneration.
«Our results indicate that the epigenetic modification we studied makes both
mice and humans more susceptible to obesity and
with increasing
age increases their risk of developing a fatty liver,» said Anne Kammel, first author of the study.
Part of the problem, he says, is that the incidence of many human chronic diseases rises
with age, yet many researchers prefer using young
mice because of the pressures of being published and getting funding.
In these
mice and healthy controls, the time it took for levels of lactic acid in the brain to double correlated
with how fast they
aged.
Most recently, they have taken
mice in late middle
age and lengthened the remainder of their lives by an average of 30 to 40 percent
with a drug called rapamycin, an antifungal agent also used to suppress immune responses in transplant patients.
«Caloric restriction in combination
with low - fat diet helps protect
aging mouse brains: Low - fat diet plus limited caloric intake prevented
aging - induced inflammatory activation of microglia; exercise was significantly less effective than caloric restriction in preventing these changes.»
«We determined if a high - or low - fat diet, in combination
with exercise and food restriction, impacted microglia during
aging in
mice.»
«
Aging - induced inflammatory activation of microglia could only be prevented when
mice were fed a low - fat diet in combination
with limited caloric intake,» says Eggen.
In their study, the researchers showed that already at the
age of six weeks in the
mice with a rapid weight gain, the DPP4 gene was less methylated at four specific loci, i.e. epigenetically altered, compared to the other
mice.
To the scientists» surprise, the
mice that were dosed
with cell phone radiation did not suffer from memory impairments as they
aged — unlike their radiation - free counterparts.
A low - fat diet in combination
with limited caloric consumption prevents activation of the brain's immune cells — called microglia — in
aging mice, shows research published today in Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience.
An MIT - led research team has now found that it can reverse this
age - related endurance loss in
mice by treating them
with a compound that promotes new blood vessel growth.
GDF - 11, which regulates the growth of spinal and olfactory (smell) receptors, is produced abundantly in young
mice, but production drops off
with age.
Elderly
mice suffering from
age - related heart disease saw a significant improvement in cardiac function after being treated
with the FDA - approved drug rapamycin for just three months.
Studying
mouse monocytes in more detail, the researchers found that the increase in TNF levels that occurs
with age causes premature release of immature monocytes from the bone marrow into the blood stream.
And the trouble
with extrapolating so much from
mouse studies is that «nobody has actually shown over the long term how long these quote un-quote improvements persist, and we don't know whether it's broadly improving aspects of
aging or it's specific to certain tissues,» said Matt Kaeberlein, a biologist who studies
aging in dogs and other animal models at the University of Washington.
«But after 16 to 18 weeks — the
mouse equivalent of early middle
age — we noticed that the male
mice born to moms
with fragmented sleep were eating more.
In marked contrast to the widely held notion that the insulin - producing pancreatic beta cell loses function
with wear and tear, the researchers now show that
mouse and human beta cells are fully functional at advanced
age.
The researchers found that bone mass was severely reduced at eight weeks of
age in the offspring of
mice with vitamin B12 deficiency.
With increasing
age, the proteins accumulate in the brains of fruit flies,
mice, and humans.
And in 2001, molecular biologist Mark Sands at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, found a high rate of liver tumors in middle -
aged mice that had been treated as newborns
with a supposedly safer viral vector.
Last year in Cell, Wagers's and Lee's labs reported that injections of GDF11 can reduce the thickening of the heart that typically comes
with aging in
mice.
At young adulthood, Larsson's
mice resembled those three times their
age,
with bone and muscle loss, heart disease — even baldness.
Its concentration was low and steady at young
ages - within the known critical period for
mice — and ramped up
with age.
«Sleep - deprived
mice show connection
with diabetes,
age.»
Longo also knew of research by molecular biologist John Kopchick at Ohio University, which showed that
mice with a mutation in their growth hormone receptor gene lived 40 percent longer than normal
mice — the equivalent of an average American living to
age 110.
The
mice with age - related disease, they found, had abnormally high levels of immune cells called T regulatory cells (Tregs) inside their fat tissue.
The new drug, in its time - release coating, was tested in
mice with abnormalities similar to those experienced by people
with neovascular
age - related macular degeneration, or «wet» AMD.
By examining first pregnancies in
aged mice, the team showed that, for
mice as for humans, the risk of complications increases
with age.
Ret is not an unknown factor for the Martinsried - based neurobiologists: «We already succeeded in demonstrating a few years ago in
mice that neurons without the Ret receptor die prematurely and in greater numbers
with increasing
age,» says Klein.
In rodents, differences in life expectancy and morbidity during
aging are particularly high: Despite close relationships
with regard to genetic aspects, small rodents like
mice or rats live no longer than two to three years, whereas mole - rats or chinchillas have an average life span of 20 to 30 years while staying comparatively healthy.
«It was incredible to see that in adult
mice, who have gone through normal development and
aging, simply overexpressing Arc
with a virus restored plasticity,» says co-first author Kyle Jenks, a graduate student in Shepherd's lab.
Enter a mutant
mouse strain that is afflicted at a young
age with many of the diseases common to older humans.
But without SCF, the hair in
mouse models was gray, and then turned white
with age, according to the study.
Changes in muscle repair
with aging were determined by injecting the old
mice and young
mice (neither group exercised)
with snake venom commonly used to induce muscle injury in rodent studies.
Adult
mice and humans can regenerate digit tips, although humans lose this ability
with age, suggesting that regenerative abilities could be reawakened in mammals.
«It's still too early to see if this works in humans,» says Rafael de Cabo, an investigator at the National Institute on
Aging who has collaborated
with Sinclair and is testing some of Sirtris's compounds in
mice.
With use of advanced
mouse models, she and her team found that blood stem cells without adequate SIRT1 resembled
aged and defective stem cells, which are thought to be linked to development of malignancies.