Sentences with phrase «air convection at»

Reduced moisture during the summer will imply a reduction in moist air convection at the land's surface.

Not exact matches

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In the context of climate and weather, the term convection often is meant to include the conduction and diffusion at the surface; these fluxes heat a thin layer as convection cools it, thus the tendency is that approximately the same flux continues from the surface through a short distance of air, changing from conduction and diffusion into convection along the way.

The troposphere is not everywhere at all times locally vertically coupled by convection; in particular, at night and at high latitudes, especially in winter, and where there is warm air advection aloft, some layer of air can become stable to localized convection.

Radiative equilibrium at small LW optical thickness occurs when the whole atmosphere has a temperature such that the Planck function is about half of that of the surface (a skin temperature), whereas at larger LW optical thicknesses, the equilibrium profile has a signficant drop in the Planck function through the atmosphere, approaching half the OLR value at TOA and approaching the surface value towards the surface — of course, convection near the surface will bring a closer match between surface and surface - air temperatures.

If we look at the air temperature on a micro scale it was more likely that there would be a temperature inversion layer within feet of the surface which would have reduced the cool to warm convection in the absence of wind.

As long as there is an increase in the GHG induced air temp there will be an increase in convection / conduction as feedback, UNTIL they reach equilibrium, at the original temperature.

The high double hung window, when open at the top and bottom, creates a convection current within the room that brings fresh air in deeper.

A simple (dirty — uncontrolled) experiment Central heating radiator Thermocouple (0.5 mm bead — fast response) inside cardboard tube 1cmx1cm (to isolate from radiation) Height at level of radiator top Still Air 50 cm 23.8 deg C 10 cm 23.6 deg C (convection currents drawing cool floor level air up through tuAir 50 cm 23.8 deg C 10 cm 23.6 deg C (convection currents drawing cool floor level air up through tuair up through tube?

Those emissions lead to cooling (especially at night) which causes the cooler air to descend and ironically cause more convection.

If the main climate response channel is increased convection, or greater tropical rainfall, there could be no discernible change in air temperature at all from increased GHGs.

In the case of land the energy hardly penetrates the ground at all but is then conducted back to the air provoking convection.

As you say, convection uses up a lot of energy too and also counters the idea of radiative heat transfer as a big ticket item because «hot» CO2 molecules only remain so for a brief fraction of a second before they collide with N2 or O2 to warm that localised parcel of air; which then rises to attain equilibrium T somewhere higher and at a COLDER temp so no rad Transf!!!

Produce evidence of (a) the temperature of the air adjoining the surface being warmer than the surface at night, thus «stopping convection» and (b) any other inversion in calm conditions at night in the troposphere.

The air next to the ground at night will cool by conduction but a reverse convection will not take place (the ground cools by radiation loss).

In air, the radiative heat transfer flux for 0.9 emissivity steel only exceeds natural convection at c. 100 deg C. For aluminium it's about 300 deg C. Check any of the standard engineering texts, e.g. McAdam «Heat Transfer» to confirm (it's in the tables of combined heat transfer coefficients).

The total load of thermal energy transferred from the surface to the air by conduction - convection at the boundary layer is ~ 68.7 W * s. Therefore, I don't find any «strong» absorptivity of carbon dioxide at 15 μm.

Air molecule is excellent conductor to itself - the molecule velocities are «transferred» at 100 % effectively in less than nanosecond, but the only way energy through air is «conducted» is via air packets - or air doesn't conduct to itself, it transfers heat from one location to another via movement of air molecules - convectiAir molecule is excellent conductor to itself - the molecule velocities are «transferred» at 100 % effectively in less than nanosecond, but the only way energy through air is «conducted» is via air packets - or air doesn't conduct to itself, it transfers heat from one location to another via movement of air molecules - convectiair is «conducted» is via air packets - or air doesn't conduct to itself, it transfers heat from one location to another via movement of air molecules - convectiair packets - or air doesn't conduct to itself, it transfers heat from one location to another via movement of air molecules - convectiair doesn't conduct to itself, it transfers heat from one location to another via movement of air molecules - convectiair molecules - convection.

In the real world (our atmosphere) the ground heats the air above continuousy during daylight hours and there are many other processes such as convection, radiation and evaporation that lead to energy leaving the system, so the process is never at rest and the temperature gradiant is maintained.

There I think that it is pretty obvious what actually establishes a lapse rate — differential heating of the air column at the bottom, followed by a rough equilibration due to approximately adiabatic convection.

Energy is continually entering the atmosphere (probably more than 50 % at the surface) and then of course it takes a finite time for warm air to rise by convection, cooling as it does so.

The DALR is established in Earth's atmosphere by vertically moving macroscopic parcels of air driven by thermal convection between volumes and surfaces at different temperatures, temperature gradients maintained by diurnal solar forcing and continual radiative cooling.

You appear to disregard the physical rate at which warm air rises by convection.

Air molecule is excellent conductor to itself - the molecule velocities are «transferred» at 100 % effectively in less than nanosecnd, but the only way energy through air is «conducted» is via air packets - or air doesn't conduct to itself, it transfers heat from one location to another via movement of air molecules - convectiAir molecule is excellent conductor to itself - the molecule velocities are «transferred» at 100 % effectively in less than nanosecnd, but the only way energy through air is «conducted» is via air packets - or air doesn't conduct to itself, it transfers heat from one location to another via movement of air molecules - convectiair is «conducted» is via air packets - or air doesn't conduct to itself, it transfers heat from one location to another via movement of air molecules - convectiair packets - or air doesn't conduct to itself, it transfers heat from one location to another via movement of air molecules - convectiair doesn't conduct to itself, it transfers heat from one location to another via movement of air molecules - convectiair molecules - convection.

-- convection is driven by air masses changing buoyancy and energy loss at altitude is critical to this.

The real explanation for the spread of scent of course is basic convection in a fluid medium, with the different weights and effects of the actual scent molecules which is alchohol and water, the alchohol having a triggering effect on water at the surface making it even lighter than air than it usually evaporates.

At Tmax, for example, there has been a steady T rise as the sun moves higher in the sky, the rise helped by convection of air with hot packets in it surrounding the site, held back if frost has formed overnight, complicated if there is snow around and water phase change effects need consideration, hindered or lagged by the thermal inertia of the screen surrounding the thermometer as the screen heats up.

It is not «conduction» but exchange of radiation; if you keep your hands parallel at a distance of some cm the right hand does not (radiatively) «warm» the left hand or vice versa albeit at 33 °C skin temperature they exchange some hundreds of W / m ² (about 500 W / m ²) The solar radiation reaching the surface (for 71 % of the surface, the oceans) is lost by evaporation (or evapotranspiration of the vegetation), plus some convection (20 W / ²) and some radiation reaching the cosmos directly through the window 8µm to 12 µm (about 20 W / m ² «global» average); only the radiative heat flow surface to air (absorbed by the air) is negligible (plus or minus); the non radiative (latent heat, sensible heat) are transferred for surface to air and compensate for a part of the heat lost to the cosmos by the upper layer of the water vapour displayed on figure 6 - C.

«This heat map of a test room clearly shows the stratification effect created by a convection heater when there's little air movement in the room: the yellow bar at the ceiling represents about 22 °C, the purple bit (where your cold feet would be) about 14 °C.»

Solar convection towers, the largest envisaged being 1,000 m high, can produce (even more) power at night as the temperature diffeential between the surface and the air 1 km up increases at night.

A greenhouse roof inhibits upward convection and in the outside world descending air in high pressure cells (half the atmosphere at any given moment) inhibits upward convection.

In the case of dry air and without CO2, the cooling of the radiator is given by h * (T - Ta) where T and Ta are temperatures of the surface and the air layer, respectively, at the given time t. h describes the heat transport from the surface to the layer by radiation and convection.

(The air next to the ocean surface is saturated with water vapor and the wind speeds up the rate at which diffusion and convection can move this water vapor elsewhere in the atmosphere.)

Though cool and dry relative to equatorial air, the air masses at the 60th parallel are still sufficiently warm and moist to undergo convection and drive a thermal loop.

What happens globally is that warm «wet» air in the tropics is pumped upward by convection and after a few flirtations with the mid latitudes one gets cold «dry» air pumped downward at the poles.

With warming, the clouds top out at greater altitude and are thus dryer and the convection intensity is increased so the dry air convects back down more effectively.

Similarly, at night, you can freeze water by digging a hole in the desert to restrict convection even though air temperatures can be 20 °C +.

Convection takes parcels of air upwards — and if this was the only process then the relative humidity (above the boundary layer) would be at 100 %.

The shelter MUST be built in a fashion to drive several air exchanges per night via convection from the entrance at the bottom through a hole in the top of the shelter for that specific purpose.

So part of the answer (sorry Kent, had to take that shot) is that convection at the tropics raises warm air upward where it eventually spills toward the poles.

The second issue is far more complex, namely the inter-relationship with other gases in the atmosphere and what effect it may have on the rate of convection at various altitudes and / or whether convection effectively outstrips any «heat trapping» effect of CO2 carrying the warmer air away and upwards to the upper atmosphere where the «heat» is radiated to space.