Sentences with phrase «air masses over»

In contrast, with Gondwana centred over the South Pole, climate in the Southern Hemisphere must have been dominated by the interaction of cellular air masses over land and water.

The reactivity and degree of water affinity of fog CCN become potentially even more complex when taking into account back trajectories of air masses over industrial and urban landscapes.

Pokrovsky predicts a further acceleration of melting of the thin ice and in general greater ice loss compared to his June prediction; this change is based on the increase in the sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the North Atlantic and the presence of hot air masses over Siberia and the Russian Arctic.

Daniel Rosenfield and his colleagues at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem studied satellite data of air masses over the Indian Ocean, which contain large numbers of air pollution particles blown off the surrounding continents.

A second point is that all these observation time series take raw data from the same air mass over the same period — they should give the same outcome.

Not exact matches

Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in such forward - looking statements and that should be considered in evaluating our outlook include, but are not limited to, the following: 1) our ability to continue to grow our business and execute our growth strategy, including the timing, execution, and profitability of new and maturing programs; 2) our ability to perform our obligations under our new and maturing commercial, business aircraft, and military development programs, and the related recurring production; 3) our ability to accurately estimate and manage performance, cost, and revenue under our contracts, including our ability to achieve certain cost reductions with respect to the B787 program; 4) margin pressures and the potential for additional forward losses on new and maturing programs; 5) our ability to accommodate, and the cost of accommodating, announced increases in the build rates of certain aircraft; 6) the effect on aircraft demand and build rates of changing customer preferences for business aircraft, including the effect of global economic conditions on the business aircraft market and expanding conflicts or political unrest in the Middle East or Asia; 7) customer cancellations or deferrals as a result of global economic uncertainty or otherwise; 8) the effect of economic conditions in the industries and markets in which we operate in the U.S. and globally and any changes therein, including fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; 9) the success and timely execution of key milestones such as the receipt of necessary regulatory approvals, including our ability to obtain in a timely fashion any required regulatory or other third party approvals for the consummation of our announced acquisition of Asco, and customer adherence to their announced schedules; 10) our ability to successfully negotiate, or re-negotiate, future pricing under our supply agreements with Boeing and our other customers; 11) our ability to enter into profitable supply arrangements with additional customers; 12) the ability of all parties to satisfy their performance requirements under existing supply contracts with our two major customers, Boeing and Airbus, and other customers, and the risk of nonpayment by such customers; 13) any adverse impact on Boeing's and Airbus» production of aircraft resulting from cancellations, deferrals, or reduced orders by their customers or from labor disputes, domestic or international hostilities, or acts of terrorism; 14) any adverse impact on the demand for air travel or our operations from the outbreak of diseases or epidemic or pandemic outbreaks; 15) our ability to avoid or recover from cyber-based or other security attacks, information technology failures, or other disruptions; 16) returns on pension plan assets and the impact of future discount rate changes on pension obligations; 17) our ability to borrow additional funds or refinance debt, including our ability to obtain the debt to finance the purchase price for our announced acquisition of Asco on favorable terms or at all; 18) competition from commercial aerospace original equipment manufacturers and other aerostructures suppliers; 19) the effect of governmental laws, such as U.S. export control laws and U.S. and foreign anti-bribery laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the United Kingdom Bribery Act, and environmental laws and agency regulations, both in the U.S. and abroad; 20) the effect of changes in tax law, such as the effect of The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the «TCJA») that was enacted on December 22, 2017, and changes to the interpretations of or guidance related thereto, and the Company's ability to accurately calculate and estimate the effect of such changes; 21) any reduction in our credit ratings; 22) our dependence on our suppliers, as well as the cost and availability of raw materials and purchased components; 23) our ability to recruit and retain a critical mass of highly - skilled employees and our relationships with the unions representing many of our employees; 24) spending by the U.S. and other governments on defense; 25) the possibility that our cash flows and our credit facility may not be adequate for our additional capital needs or for payment of interest on, and principal of, our indebtedness; 26) our exposure under our revolving credit facility to higher interest payments should interest rates increase substantially; 27) the effectiveness of any interest rate hedging programs; 28) the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting; 29) the outcome or impact of ongoing or future litigation, claims, and regulatory actions; 30) exposure to potential product liability and warranty claims; 31) our ability to effectively assess, manage and integrate acquisitions that we pursue, including our ability to successfully integrate the Asco business and generate synergies and other cost savings; 32) our ability to consummate our announced acquisition of Asco in a timely matter while avoiding any unexpected costs, charges, expenses, adverse changes to business relationships and other business disruptions for ourselves and Asco as a result of the acquisition; 33) our ability to continue selling certain receivables through our supplier financing program; 34) the risks of doing business internationally, including fluctuations in foreign current exchange rates, impositions of tariffs or embargoes, compliance with foreign laws, and domestic and foreign government policies; and 35) our ability to complete the proposed accelerated stock repurchase plan, among other things.

Public anger over bad air and water quality in China has been rising in recent years, resulting in mass demonstrations.

It would prohibit drones over Tompkins County Jail, any area temporarily closed to the public by law enforcement, and over any mass gathering, or an open - air assembly of people, without the written permission of the property owner.

For a rope cloud to form, the leading edge of the cold air mass must be advancing straight and steady, which can happen only if it is flowing over a smooth, flat surface like the ocean.

Who said the age of comfortable air travel for the masses was over?

A large kink in the jet stream, a high - pressure blocking pattern over Greenland and a mass of Arctic air pushing southward over North America's middle latitudes each contributed to Sandy's unusual strength.

A hideously complex mass of equations can tell you about air flow over your boat, F1 car or bike — while also making the prettiest images in engineering

«For example, in the Sierra and Lake Tahoe you may see a yearly pattern of humid air masses moving over the region, so plans should be made with these regional patterns in mind.

The national average peak is June 12, but the peak in particular regions can be anywhere from early May to early July, when warm, moist air from over the Gulf of Mexico can venture northward and clash with other air masses, creating an unstable atmospheric environment.

Rising temperatures could influence Chile's inversion layer, a warm air mass that rides over the fog and contains it.

At least nine deaths have been reported across the country connected with the polar air mass that swept over North America during the past few days.

Importantly, this observation demonstrates that there are other preferential air mass sources that supply wind flow when KD occurrence is low in Japan, and reinforces our conclusion that there is a KD source region over northeastern China.

Partly in response to the winds of the Walker circulation, warm water in the western Pacific creates storms that send a mass of warm air east, up and over the trade winds.

An example is the deadly Russian heatwave of 2010, which was the result of such a «stuck» high - pressure system that kept a large mass of hot, dry air parked over the region for weeks.

Researchers attributed the surprising early melt this year to weather conditions, and more specifically, a warm midlatitude air mass getting stuck over the ice sheet.

A sea of clouds forms generally in valleys or over seas in very stable air mass conditions such as in a temperature inversion.

Fog in the channel is caused by a large, warm air mass passing over cool water.

In this work, Reginato uses steel's tensile strength to cantilever large elements over the sculpture's base, creating the illusion of a heavy mass suspended in air.

In Antarctica, this means that cold and moister air from the surrounding oceans will blow over the interior and fall as snow, so increasing ice mass is to be expected.

It is based largely on a close - grained analysis of masses of sea surface and air temperature data collected over the century.

Seems to me the debate about AGHG global warming and increasing TC frequency / intensity / duration boils down to the fact that as sea surface temperatures, as well as deeper water temperatures rise, the wallop of any TC over warmer seas without mitigating circumstances like wind sheer and dry air off land masses entrained in the cyclone will likely be much more devastating.

A warm air mass moving over a cooler surface is cooled from below and becomes stable in the lowest layers.

What kind of weather would a continental tropical air mass that formed over northern Mexico bring to the southwestern U.S?

This air mass affects Britain when pressure is high over northern or eastern Europe with surface winds between east and south drawing hot air from North Africa (see Figure 5).

Which air mass would move over the UK if pressure was high over Scandinavia and there are surface winds from the east?

Finally, it would be helpful to have characterized sources of moisture that then precipitate as snowfall, since my understanding (which is undoubtedly in need of correction) was that it was cold dry air mass that are normally kept at bay by the jet stream that creep over land mass and meet moist air that was carried north from lower latitudes.

Days before making landfall, due to Sandy's more westerly storm track, Sandy interacted with an atmospheric trough and its cold Arctic air mass that had dipped down over the eastern USA.

No orographic enhancement (when rain moves over mountains), no colliding air mass, nothing.

You say that the descending air would heat up more than the «surrounding atmosphere»... but the air mixes and descends over the entire area and the entire air mass warms, there is no «surrounding atmosphere» in the sense you mean.

The basic question is: does it make sense to use a fan forced flow of cool night air over thermal mass to store «coolth» for later use in daytime cooling?

Long story short, the polar vortex is the result of global warming changing the semi-permanent weather system over the arctic regions resulting in movement of cold air masses from the arctic region to parts of North America, such as Canada and, unfortunately, poor Buffalo.

This may be me advertising my ignorance but if the OHC is of interest as against the SST why do we use a parameter of «global temperature» which is an amalgam of SST and air temperature over land rather than a total heat content or a temperature normalised say for mass or thermal density (normalise to the properties of water say)?

Hot air masses from South Asia and Africa now sit over Siberia and the Russian Arctic (Pokrovsky) and in the first part of July low pressure has become more dominant in the central Arctic Ocean, which could set up northward drift along with warm air transport in the East Siberian and Laptev Seas (Maslanik).

A series of heat domes has been developing over Greenland since early May, with each successive hot air mass showing greater intensity.

However, they tend to rearrange warm and cold air masses, and this latest one has also been linked not only to the Arctic warmth but also to the «Beast from the East» cold spell over Europe.

1) Start by computing the total GHG - free air constant mass per unit area of a gas layer between any two heights under gravity g 2) Add in the hydrostatic equilibrium pressure change with height in the gravity field 3) Compute the total enthalpy per unit area of the layer realizing the layer possesses potential energy per unit area in earth's gravity field 4) From that, realize energy conservation imposes a constraint that total dry static energy is constant in the layer (within adiabatic control volume) 5) From this, realize and compute the total entropy (S) of the layer over the height of the layer 6) Transform S computation from height to pressure by way of hydrostatic eqn.

However the polar vortex remains over the arctic regions as a great mass of swirling freezing air that persistently circulates counter-clockwise.

As North America is the only broad continent that stretches from high to low latitudes without an east - west mountain chain, the intersections of cold and hot air masses will continue to occur over the U.S. and Canada meaning severe weather will continue and will likely intensify as warming occurs.

The sulphate content of air masses that travelled over industrial emission sources before reaching South African grassland was many times that of air that had travelled over areas with no industrial emissions.

The water vapor in the cooling air mass condenses and rains, and rains and rains all over the equator in the Tropical zones.

Winds quickly drive CO2 away from the sunny regions where it is being released so it is easy to envisage Henry's Law applying in a particular location but if the CO2 rich air is being constantly removed then more outgassing can then occur in the same region and it is not hard to envisage an accumulation of CO2 downwind or over land masses where the wind flow slows down.

The highest surface air pressures occur in the winter over Asia and North America where cold air masses form and become very deep.

The recent tornadic outbreak in the US resulted from a large cold air mass lingering over the central plains.

Those Arctic air masses consistently blow south over North America during winter.

Rain cells that are in far above freezing air masses can be observed anomalously «changing over to snow».