Understanding the many factors that influence a region's
air pollution levels helps scientists project future levels and climate change.
This finding adds to previous studies that have linked acceptable
air pollution levels with other complications including cognitive decline and fetal growth development.
They also estimated
air pollution levels at each 1 kilometer grid for the entire U.S. upon which the claims data could be overlaid and interpreted.
The team, from the MRC - PHE Centre for Environment and Health,
estimated air pollution levels in the areas where the individuals lived in 1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001, using measurements from Britain's extensive historic air pollution monitoring networks.
The study, which was led by Dr Rose Meleady, of UEA's School of Psychology, Prof Dominic Abrams and Dr Tim Hopthrow at the University of Kent, and Dr Julie Van de Vyver at the University of Lincoln, comes amid continued concern
about air pollution levels in cities across the UK and worldwide.
For their next project, the researchers are expanding their analyses to other regions of the world, including India, which suffers from
air pollution levels as high as China's.
This was also a small study and whether the results translate to other countries remains to be seen,
because air pollution levels are much higher in urban China than in the United States or Europe.
Emilia Simeonova of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland and her colleagues
tracked air pollution levels in Stockholm, Sweden from 2004 to 2010.
Furthermore, the researchers said it is highly likely the damage to wildlife was even greater in locations closer to the fires,
where air pollution levels were 15 - times higher than those in Singapore.
Also, the researchers referred to the US Environmental Protection Agency's Air Quality System which
monitors air pollution levels at different sites across the US, and levels of ozone and fine particulate matter on a given day.
The researchers say that
although air pollution levels in Western Europe are relatively low when compared to cities in Asia or Latin - America, study participants were still exposed to pollution levels that exceed the values recommended by the World Health Organization.
Campaigners believe it will
cause air pollution levels to soar, rendering impossible a 2015 emission target set by the European commission.
Co-author Dr Rachel McInnes, Senior Climate Impacts Scientist at the Met Office, added: «This finding that the effects of different types of vegetation — green space and gardens, and tree cover — differ at both very high and very
low air pollution levels is particularly relevant for public health and urban planning policies.
«The mix of these
toxic air pollution levels with freezing temperatures poses a serious risk to people with lung conditions and can affect all of our health.»
As
U.S. air pollution levels drop, studies accumulate linking even those levels considered safe to a broad range of ailments.
The researchers were the first to measure PAHs directly in people's bodies rather than
using air pollution levels as a proxy for their exposures.
Funded by a multinational partnership led by UMass Amherst and including the Himalayan region's Intergovernmental Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) and the Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies in Potsdam, Germany, the investigation will follow a cohort of 32 traffic control officers in Kathmandu during two seasons: Cold, dry winter from this month into March, with a second study in the hot, rainy monsoon season from June to August,
when air pollution levels are lower.
«We found biological effects in women exposed to
air pollution levels below the EPA standard,» said lead author Rebecca Massa Nachman, who is a postdoctoral fellow at the Bloomberg School.
Havet added: «Our research reinforces the fact that
air pollution levels found in Europe are still too high to preserve lung health, and the impact on health is likely to be even greater in other parts of the world with higher levels of pollution.
The Fraser Institute found that
air pollution levels decreased slightly as a result of shutting down the coal plants in Toronto, Hamilton and Ottawa, but not enough to warrant the expense.
In fact, asthma rates have increased, while air pollution has declined — underscoring that asthma hospitalizations and
outdoor air pollution levels are not related.
Antonella Artuso — Toronto Sun — January 17, 2017 Ontario's hell - bent determination to phase out coal - fired generation raised electricity rates without significantly
improving air pollution levels, a new Fraser Institute report says.
«You have hazardously high
air pollution levels without a break, and it impacts the entire Southeast Asia region, including Singapore, west Malaysia and southern Thailand,» Field said.
Another study conducted in Fort Worth, Texas, concluded that «the measured and estimated
air pollution levels did not reach levels that have been observed to cause adverse health effects.»
The researchers were able to
link air pollution levels estimated at each person's house with two ultrasound measurements of the blood vessels, separated by about three years.
«Enhanced ozone production in urban areas is a concern because of the population size potentially impacted and
because air pollution levels could be already elevated due to local and mobile sources,» explains Larsen.
Since the Columbia team started
tracking air pollution levels in 1998, PAHs have declined, which Perera attributes to stricter anti-idling laws and phaseout of older diesel buses in New York City.
I spend three months of the year in New Delhi, India,
where air pollution levels (in particular, fine particulates and ozone) are exceedingly high.
Although air pollution levels are generally higher in large, urban areas like Detroit, its generally safe to run anywhere unless theres a smog alert, says Dr. Roberts.