Sentences with phrase «albedo change on»

The SAF differences between the models are shown to stem mainly from the sensitivity of the surface albedo to surface temperature rather from the impact of a given surface albedo change on the shortwave budget.

Paper: Reference: Yun Qian, William I. Gustafson Jr., L. Ruby Leung, Steven J. Ghan, Effects of soot - induced snow albedo change on snowpack and hydrological cycle in western U.S. based on WRF chemistry and regional climate simulations, Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 2009, doi: 10.1029 / 2008JD011039

Ibid., pp. 393 — 96; Yun Qian et al., «Effects of Soot - Induced Snow Albedo Change on Snowpack and Hydrological Cycle in Western United States Based on Weather Research and Forecasting Chemistry and Regional Climate Simulations,» Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.

Not exact matches

The impact of grain size on albedo — the ratio between reflected and incoming solar radiation — is strong in the infrared range, where humans can't see, but satellite instruments can detect the change.

I guess I am surprised that with better understanding of the importance of water vapor feedback, sulfate aerosols, black carbon aerosols, more rapid than expected declines in sea ice and attendant decreases in albedo, effects of the deposition of soot and dust on snow and ice decreasing albedo, and a recognition of the importance of GHGs that were probably not considered 30 years ago, that the sensitivity has changed so little over time.

You've hit on one of the weaknesses of the paper, as the model they use admittedly doesn't model changes in albedo (at least, not as a model output).

eg how big is the «expected» impact on the climate / temps etc from that kind of change / feedback in ASI albedo

An increase in greenhouse absorbers or a change in the albedo have analogous impacts on the TOA balance.

Other factors would include: — albedo shifts (both from ice > water, and from increased biological activity, and from edge melt revealing more land, and from more old dust coming to the surface...); — direct effect of CO2 on ice (the former weakens the latter); — increasing, and increasingly warm, rain fall on ice; — «stuck» weather systems bringing more and more warm tropical air ever further toward the poles; — melting of sea ice shelf increasing mobility of glaciers; — sea water getting under parts of the ice sheets where the base is below sea level; — melt water lubricating the ice sheet base; — changes in ocean currents -LRB-?)

I guess I am surprised that with better understanding of the importance of water vapor feedback, sulfate aerosols, black carbon aerosols, more rapid than expected declines in sea ice and attendant decreases in albedo, effects of the deposition of soot and dust on snow and ice decreasing albedo, and a recognition of the importance of GHGs that were probably not considered 30 years ago, that the sensitivity has changed so little over time.

Perhaps you might want to read that paper as well as «Climate Change and Trace Gases», available in many places, which argues for an albedo flip mechanism and (relatively) short timescales for icesheet response to forcing, based on paleo data.

On the possibility of a changing cloud cover «forcing» global warming in recent times (assuming we can just ignore the CO2 physics and current literature on feedbacks, since I don't see a contradiction between an internal radiative forcing and positive feedbacks), one would have to explain a few things, like why the diurnal temperature gradient would decrease with a planet being warmed by decreased albedo... why the stratosphere should cool... why winters should warm faster than summers... essentially the same questions that come with the cosmic ray hypothesiOn the possibility of a changing cloud cover «forcing» global warming in recent times (assuming we can just ignore the CO2 physics and current literature on feedbacks, since I don't see a contradiction between an internal radiative forcing and positive feedbacks), one would have to explain a few things, like why the diurnal temperature gradient would decrease with a planet being warmed by decreased albedo... why the stratosphere should cool... why winters should warm faster than summers... essentially the same questions that come with the cosmic ray hypothesion feedbacks, since I don't see a contradiction between an internal radiative forcing and positive feedbacks), one would have to explain a few things, like why the diurnal temperature gradient would decrease with a planet being warmed by decreased albedo... why the stratosphere should cool... why winters should warm faster than summers... essentially the same questions that come with the cosmic ray hypothesis.

«Soot snow / ice albedo climate forcing is not included in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change evaluations.

As an analogy, if I told you that I was going to paint my white car black and that I expected it would get hotter on sunny days as a result, you would probably start asking questions about what the temperature of the paint was when I applied it and how those molecules heated up or cooled down, ignoring the relevant factor which is this: By painting the car black, I am changing the car's albedo and thus changing the radiative balance between the car and the sun on sunny days.

(In the full 4 - dimensional climate, responses can also tend spread horizontally by convection (advection) and temporally by heat capacity, though «fingerprints» of horizontal and temporal variations in RF (externally imposed and feedback — snow and ice albedo, for example) can remain — this spreading is somewhat different as it relies in part on the circulation already present as well as circulation changes)

During that process, upward LW radiation reaching the upper atmosphere will increase (depending on albedo / solar heating feedbacks), which will change the equilibrium temperature of the upper atmopshere again.

The rise of CO2 from 270ppm to now over 400ppm, the extent of equatorial and sub tropical deforestation, the soot deposits on the polar ice caps, the increase in atmospheric water vapour due to a corresponding increase in ocean temps and changes in ocean currents, the extreme ice albedo currently happening in the arctic etc, etc are all conspiring in tandem to alter the climate as we know it.

Improvements in the capacity to monitor direct and indirect changes on weather, climate, or larger Earth systems and to detect unilateral or uncoordinated deployment could help further understanding of albedo modification and climate science generally.

It is not that the polar regions are amplifying the warming «going on» at lower latitudes, it is that any warming going on AT THE POLES is amplified through inherent positive feedback processes AT THE POLES, and specifically this is primarily the ice - albedo positive feedback process whereby more open water leads to more warming leads to more open water, etc. *** «Climate model simulations have shown that ice albedo feedbacks associated with variations in snow and sea - ice coverage are a key factor in positive feedback mechanisms which amplify climate change at high northern latitudes...»

Thus, the positive λSW of the CMIP5 ensemble average and the resulting energy accumulation by enhanced ASR under GHG forcing can be expected based only on the robust physics of the water vapor feedback and the surface albedo feedback in the absence of any changes in clouds... ``

At best, maybe jetfuel would be on to something if the change in seasonal ice / snow cover in Canada is measurably altering the albedo, as scaddenp notes, but I doubt we'll see jetfuel come up with any evidence showing the existence or magnitude of such an effect.

The mechanism by which the effect of oceanic variability over time is transferred to the atmosphere involves evaporation, conduction, convection, clouds and rainfall the significance of which has to date been almost entirely ignored due to the absence of the necessary data especially as regards the effect of cloudiness changes on global albedo and thus the amount of solar energy able to enter the oceans.

In models that include indirect effects, different treatments of the indirect effect are used, including changing the albedo of clouds according to an off - line calculation (e.g., Tett et al., 2002) and a fully interactive treatment of the effects of aerosols on clouds (e.g., Stott et al., 2006b).

Taken into account with increase in the amount of insolation by reducing particulates, albedo changes, and so on, a couple of K or so might be reasonable.

However, even a smaller figure (I had calculated about 0.17 W / m ^ 2 based on your inflated figure for total planetary albedo, but you can check it out) is still significant when compared with the total flux imbalance, which I think is a more informative comparison than an arbitrarily selected change in cloud cover, because it compares the sea ice reduction with the effects of all climate variations that have been operating in recent years..

On the other hand, the Arctic sea ice albedo reduction does contribute significantly to polar amplification of globally averaged temperature changes.

The albedo change resulting from the snowline retreat on land is similarly large as the retreat of sea ice, so the combined impact could be well over 2 W / sq m. To put this in context, albedo changes in the Arctic alone could more than double the net radiative forcing resulting from the emissions caused by all people of the world, estimated by the IPCC to be 1.6 W / sq m in 2007 and 2.29 W / sq m in 2013.»

Based on evidence from Earth's history, we suggest here that the relevant form of climate sensitivity in the Anthropocene (e.g. from which to base future greenhouse gas (GHG) stabilization targets) is the Earth system sensitivity including fast feedbacks from changes in water vapour, natural aerosols, clouds and sea ice, slower surface albedo feedbacks from changes in continental ice sheets and vegetation, and climate — GHG feedbacks from changes in natural (land and ocean) carbon sinks.

However, allow to to assist AGW via «green house gasses» occurs on op of postulated natural cycles of heat allocation and albedo changes.

Isostatic rebound in response to glacier retreat (unloading), increase in local salinity (i.e., δ18Osw), have been attributed to increased volcanic activity at the onset of Bølling — Allerød, are associated with the interval of intense volcanic activity, hinting at a interaction between climate and volcanism - enhanced short - term melting of glaciers, possibly via albedo changes from particle fallout on glacier surfaces.

Urban heat island - The relative warmth of a city compared with surrounding rural areas, associated with changes in runoff, the concrete jungle effects on heat retention, changes in surface albedo, changes in pollution and aerosols, and so on.

The degree of inconsistency, however, is difficult to ascertain without information on possible changes in low - level cloud albedo.»

Finally, while economics may be critical to your definition of «catastrophic» anthropogenic global warming, economics says nothing about the science underlying the projections of sea level rise, the physics of Arctic amplification, changes to albedo that lead to greater warming that may lead to significant releases of methane clathrate deposits, regional projections of reduce (or enhanced) precipitation, and so on.

The identified atmospheric feedbacks including changes in planetary albedo, in water vapour distribution and in meridional latent heat transport are all poorly represented in zonal energy balance model as the one used in [7] whereas they appear to be of primary importance when focusing on ancient greenhouse climates.

To some extent, I actually agree with Dr. Hansen on this point, additional global warming would cause an albedo change - I just disagree that CO2 would have any affect.

AGW climate scientists seem to ignore that while the earth's surface may be warming, our atmosphere above 10,000 ft. above MSL is a refrigerator that can take water vapor scavenged from the vast oceans on earth (which are also a formidable heat sink), lift it to cold zones in the atmosphere by convective physical processes, chill it (removing vast amounts of heat from the atmosphere) or freeze it, (removing even more vast amounts of heat from the atmosphere) drop it on land and oceans as rain, sleet or snow, moisturizing and cooling the soil, cooling the oceans and building polar ice caps and even more importantly, increasing the albedo of the earth, with a critical negative feedback determining how much of the sun's energy is reflected back into space, changing the moment of inertia of the earth by removing water mass from equatorial latitudes and transporting this water vapor mass to the poles, reducing the earth's spin axis moment of inertia and speeding up its spin rate, etc..

To date, while various effects and feedbacks constrain the certainty placed on recent and projected climate change (EG, albedo change, the response of water vapour, various future emissions scenarios etc), it is virtually certain that CO2 increases from human industry have reversed and will continue to reverse the downward trend in global temperatures that should be expected in the current phase of the Milankovitch cycle.

Broad - scale changes in vegetation in general, and tree loss in particular, have pronounced effects on climate processes through biogeophysical mechanisms such as albedo, evapotranspiration (ET), and carbon dioxide exchange with the atmosphere [11].

«They believe changes in albedo should be an important part of future studies on atmosphere and climate change.»

They have to interpret innumerable feedback loops, all the convective forces, the evaporation, the winds, the ocean currents, the changing albedo (reflectivity) of Earth's surface, on and on and on.

But unless the albedo changes quite a lot there's not usually much effect on average temperatures.

Earlier this year he and others pinpointed a change in albedo — a measure of the reflectivity of snow on the island — that suggested that melting might accelerate.

Change a single decimal point on one of the hundreds of interrelated ecological or economic inputs — faster - than - expected emissions from China, melting tundra, diminished albedo, slower rates of deforestation, faster economic growth — and voila!

Land cover and land use change may have an impact on the surface albedo, evapotranspiration, sources and sinks of heat - trapping gases (greenhouse gases), or other properties of the climate system and may thus have a radiative forcing and / or other impacts on climate, locally or globally.

All the other changes like those on albedo are indirect.

He'd been studying changes in Greenland's albedo (the scientific term for the reflectivity of ice), but hadn't focused on the role of black carbon.

1) His findings on orbital movements are sound, but have no implications about climate without an albedo model to change the minor seasonal variations into a significant global variation;

The only thing that I would contend could be added would be long slow cumulative changes in solar output other than raw TSI namely changes in the mix of particles and wavelengths over longer periods of time such as MWP to LIA to date and which seem to have some effect on surface pressure distribution and global albedo so as to alter solar shortwave into the oceans and thus affecting the energy available to the ENSO process.

Assuming an albedo other than zero will change the temperatures, but will not change the general conclusions on how the steel greenhouse works.».

There is just the effect of CO2 on radiative absorption, the effect of land use changes on albedo, and perhaps waste heat itself if you value completeness.