Sentences with phrase «albedo reduction»

Media reports, many using the term «darkening,» have emphasized that an increase in light - absorbing impurities, particularly black carbon and dust, in Greenland snow could be responsible for the observed albedo reduction.

We also need in situ measurements in the GrIS's ablation zone that can distinguish the relative contributions of different impurity types (e.g., black carbon, dust, algae) to albedo reduction as well as models that accurately simulate the GrIS surface energy balance and mass balance.

Warming accelerates this snow aging process, leading to further albedo reduction.

We need to communicate the other important processes involved in albedo reduction to both scientists and the general public.

The main scientific question for me, is how much does the increase in human - caused CO2 and human - caused albedo reduction increase the mean temperature above what it would be with natural cycles and processes?

It was a predicted consequence of ice - albedo reduction that the water would get warmer making it harder to freeze in each successive year.

As I have pointed out in the «essay», what has happened (in an accelerating manner since 1246 CE) is that the insolation reaching far northern latitudes has increased during the first half of each year, and this should be anticipated to cause earlier and more - extensive spring melting of snow and ice, and therefore a progressively - earlier albedo reduction, and therefore more sunlight subsequently being absorbed across spring and summer: the ice albedo feedback effect acting positively (causing warming).

A relationship between soot concentration and a corresponding albedo reduction was created from the experimental data.

The albedo reduction was the most pronounced for the snow with higher soot content, and it was observed immediately following soot deposition.

One of the most puzzling things is that the heating between 1980 and 2000 seems to have been driven by a large increase in net received shortwave radiation due to albedo reduction, rather than by any observed reduction in outgoing longwave radiation.

On the other hand, the Arctic sea ice albedo reduction does contribute significantly to polar amplification of globally averaged temperature changes.

His path should curve upward soon because of strong feed - backs, like albedo reduction and arctic methane and CO2 release from permafrost.

There could still be regional cooling in places like in the north Atlantic, which could slowdown melting on Greenland, and give the world an opportunity to take advantage by putting the reduction of GHGs on the front burner asap to mitigate the effects of albedo reduction and sea level rise from that source, when the heat returns.

If the melting were solely due to the albedo reduction coming from the 19th century precipitation reduction, it should have shown up much earlier.

+ summer wildfire smoke in Canada (2004, 2005, 2009, 2014, 2017) and Russia (2006, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016) + albedo reductions (reduction in brightness) over the Greenland Ice Sheet in 2010 and 2012 related to strong melt years.

Not exact matches

The new study by Stefanie Lutz, postdoc at the German Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ and at the University of Leeds, shows a 13 per cent reduction of the albedo over the course of one melting season caused by red - pigmented snow algal blooms.

Anyone who accepts that sunlight falling on ice free waters which has less reflectivity than sunlight falling on a large ice mass covering those waters and also accepts that this reduction in albedo has a positive feedback effect, leading to further warming, can't help but opt for A or B, it seems to me.

The reduction of surface reflection due to biological activity, derived from our results, was used as a proxy for a reduction in albedo in the regional climate model Modèle Atmosphérique Régional (MAR; Fettweis et al., 2013) to project future microbially - mediated increases in GrIS melt (see Methodology, Supplementary Information).

Also, the reduction in forests caused by the ice's expansion increases albedo.

On the studies of sensitivity based on the last glacial maximum, what reduction in solar forcing is used based on the increased Albedo of the ice - sheets, snow and desert.

26 Paul W asked, «On the studies of sensitivity based on the last glacial maximum, what reduction in solar forcing is used based on the increased Albedo of the ice - sheets, snow and desert.

Volume change includes both the area reduction (change in ice coverage, albedo, and heat absorption / reflection) and the thickness (vulnerability).

On the studies of sensitivity based on the last glacial maximum, what reduction in solar forcing is used based on the increased Albedo of the ice - sheets, snow and desert.

CO2's effect of stimulating plant growth and increasing plant tolerance of aridity contributed to revegetating large areas of land that were desert at the LGM, compounding the effects of an increase in atmospheric humidity, reduced land / ocean surface ocean ration, and increased warmth, all of which combined caused the reduction of airborne dust and atmosperic albedo.

This implies that the CRF levels must have systematically decreased over time, causing a long - term decrease in the low cloud fraction and hence a long - term reduction in the planetary albedo, that again would be responsible for the warming.

They talk of increased albedo and a reduction in temperatures to buy time with only 50 tonnes per second compared with a natural production of 40,000 tonnes per second, so the cloud / temperature connection is obviously very sensitive.

In the absence of CO2 reductions, albedo - modification activities would need to be sustained indefinitely and at increasingly large scales to offset warming, with severe negative consequences if they were to be terminated.

These data indicate a strong difference between the albedo of sea - ice and open water, with some reduction in sea - ice albedo when melt ponds are expected.

Our observational studies (Gray and Schwartz, 2010 and 2011) of the variations of outward radiation (IR + albedo) energy flux to space (ISCCP data) vs. tropical and global precipitation increase (from NCEP reanalysis data) indicates that there is not a reduction of global net radiation (IR + Albedo) to space which is associated with increased global or tropical - regional raialbedo) energy flux to space (ISCCP data) vs. tropical and global precipitation increase (from NCEP reanalysis data) indicates that there is not a reduction of global net radiation (IR + Albedo) to space which is associated with increased global or tropical - regional raiAlbedo) to space which is associated with increased global or tropical - regional rainfall.

Also, if you want to compare the percent change in albedo of 0.134 (too high, but assume it correct for the moment) with a 1 % reduction, the latter would be 1 % of about 100 W / m ^ 2, not 1 % of 340 W / m ^ 2, and would yield a value of about 1 W / m ^ 2.

However, even a smaller figure (I had calculated about 0.17 W / m ^ 2 based on your inflated figure for total planetary albedo, but you can check it out) is still significant when compared with the total flux imbalance, which I think is a more informative comparison than an arbitrarily selected change in cloud cover, because it compares the sea ice reduction with the effects of all climate variations that have been operating in recent years..

Your albedo change represents a value of about 0.17 W / m ^ 2, which if correct, would make Arctic sea ice reduction in recent years potentially a major contributor to ongoing imbalances.

Taking the pessimistic assumption that there would eventually be an «ice free summer» in the Arctic, I come up with a future reduction of the average albedo of the Earth of:

A substantial reduction in water vapor (shown below, from Lacis et al (2010) as well as increase in the surface albedo are important feedbacks here, showing that removing the non-condensing greenhouse gases (mostly CO2) in the atmosphere can collapse nearly the entire terrestrial greenhouse effect.

The CLOUD experiment at CERN suggests that all the warming of the late twentieth century could be accounted for by a small percentage reduction of reflective cloud cover (albedo)-- more of the sun's rays reached the earth, warming the planet.

Ferdinand, There are numerous papers which discuss the data showing a reduction of albedo, but I have not found any which set that in the context of climate sensitivity.

6) The main cloud bands move more poleward to regions where solar insolation is less intense and total global albedo declines via a reduction in global cloud cover due to shorter lines of air mass mixing.

(7) A requirement that building retrofits conducted pursuant to a REEP program utilize, especially in all air - conditioned buildings, roofing materials with high solar energy reflectance, unless inappropriate due to green roof management, solar energy production, or for other reasons identified by the Administrator, in order to reduce energy consumption within the building, increase the albedo of the building's roof, and decrease the heat island effect in the area of the building, without reduction of otherwise applicable ceiling insulation standards.

Now, it appears that a relatively modest reduction in cloud cover could reduce the earth's albedo suffiently to accomplish the needed compensation for the reduced sun's output.

You prove this by factoring in the reduction of albedo from clouds and ice by a GHG free atmosphere.

We do not assume that albedo will increase on average to reject more heat, both through cloud SW rejection, and reduction of the distance water droplet LW needs to travel to escape to space.

Leif has confirmed we should be using a reduction in TSI since July 1998 of about 0.3 W / m2 which (is actually only 0.05 W / m2 considering Albedo and the fact that the Earth is rotating sphere and this) would translate into a reduction of 0.02 C in surface temperatures as a maximum.

(Note, however, that to the extent that positive cloud feedbacks on GHG - mediated forcing mediate a reduction in cloud cover, the amplification will substitute some SW effects for LW effects due to the reduced cloud greenhouse warming and increased warming from a lower albedo).

There are, however, also slow feedbacks like the change in surface albedo from the reduction of snow cover that contribute to TCS / ECS.

http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=83672 http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/13/science/earth/collapse-of-parts-of-west-antarctica-ice-sheet-has-begun-scientists-say.html It will add about 10 feet according to an interview with one of the scientists involved; but over a long time and fairly vague time frame, unless reinforcing processes (carbon release from melting permafrost, shallow ocean bottom warmingn in the form of methane from clathrates), a major reduction in earth's albedo from permafrost, net ice sheet, and total sea ice, continue to increasingly accelerate the process.

That warming would produce a «natural» water vapor feed back, land based ice reduction albedo etc. etc..

And I don't think it will, I think open water radiates more energy to space than the increased incoming energy from the reduction in albedo.

He has said in various places that he finds it hard to imagine albedo - enhancement being carried out consistently for a millennium or more; but he finds it easy to imagine airborne - carbon reduction consistently not being tried for similar periods.)

The biggest effects in albedo are the ice and snow reduction with warming and these feedbacks are included.

As you go towards the poles it becomes larger as well, because of the amplifying feedbacks of ice albedo changes and reductions in snow cover.