albopictus mosquitoes that hatched tested positive for Zika RNA (ribonucleic acid), meaning that females collected in the field had encountered Zika and passed fragments of the virus to their offspring.
And some parts of the U.S. are vulnerable to outbreaks: The Aedes aegypti and Aedes
albopictus mosquitoes that spread the infection are alive and well in many Southern states.
The Zika virus rampaged through the Americas in 2015 and 2016, charging out of Brazil and into neighboring countries inside the Aedes aegypti and Aedes
albopictus mosquitoes.
Male Aedes
albopictus mosquitoes are seen in this picture.
Since the Aedes
albopictus mosquito, also known as Asian tiger mosquito, has now reached southern Europe and the USA, we are faced with further spreading of the virus.
By studying spit they found that specific genetic adaptations allowed that virus, normally spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, to expand its range by jumping to a different carrier, the Aedes
albopictus mosquito.
Not exact matches
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has approved using a strain of male Asian tiger
mosquitoes (Aedes
albopictus) as a biopesticide in the District of Columbia and 20 states, including California and New York.
Already today, the secondary dengue
mosquito, Aedes
albopictus, has established in the Mediterranean region.
In the early 1980s, Aedes
albopictus, a
mosquito species native to Southeast Asia that spreads dengue fever and yellow fever, turned up deep in the American South.
But the Asian tiger
mosquito, Aedes
albopictus, comes with some particularly irritating characteristics.
«Anywhere with these vectors — Aedes aegypti
mosquitoes and to some degree Aedes
albopictus — could get this virus and have local transmission,» says Erin Staples, a medical epidemiologist and expert in
mosquito - borne diseases at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The research does not conclude that the Asian tiger
mosquito (Aedes
albopictus) can transmit Zika to humans, but it highlights the need for deeper research into additional potential vectors for the virus that has rapidly spread through the Americas since its initial outbreak in 2015, says Chelsea Smartt, Ph.D., associate professor at the Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory at the University of Florida and lead author on the study to be published this week in the Entomological Society of America's Journal of Medical Entomology.
FMEL scientists do not yet know how well Aedes aegypti — the Yellow Fever
mosquito — and Aedes
albopictus — the Asian tiger
mosquito — transmit the Zika virus to humans.
The
mosquitoes known as Aedes aegypti and Aedes
albopictus transmit arboviruses that are increasing threats to human health in the Americas, particularly dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses.
The map at the left depicts the number of months where there is a greater than 97.5 percent chance of disease transmission by the
mosquito Aedes
albopictus, based on the model.
Aedes
albopictus is one of two
mosquito species that transmit chikungunya virus, recently reported in the United States.
Most (73.1 %) were invasive Asian tiger
mosquitoes (Aedes
albopictus), but samples also included West Nile virus Culex vectors (24.1 %) and Aedes j. japonicas (2.4 %).
This discovery has led the global health community to question whether A.
albopictus will exacerbate the rate and number of Zika outbreaks as we enter deeper into
mosquito season.
Zika virus infection has spread to more than 45 countries in the Americas and 3 US territories, and, most recently, local transmission was confirmed in the continental United States in the state of Florida.11
Mosquito - borne transmission of ZIKV in other areas of the United States is possible based on the estimated range of its vectors (Aedes aegypti and Aedes
albopictus).12 Recognition of the CZS phenotype by pediatric clinicians will help ensure appropriate and timely evaluation and follow - up of affected infants.
Research in the Armbruster laboratory is focused on understanding the genetic basis of ecological adaptation in Asian tiger
mosquito, Aedes
albopictus.
All of these are transmitted by
mosquitoes and although not proven, the use of repellent / insecticides on dogs might reduce the populations of
mosquito vectors, particularly Aedes aegypti and A.
albopictus, which carry these viruses.
Rochlin, I., D. V. Ninivaggi, M. L. Hutchinson, and A. Farajollahi, 2013: Climate change and range expansion of the Asian tiger
mosquito (Aedes
albopictus) in northeastern USA: Implications for public health practitioners.
In the Top 100 of invasive species, a multi-infective, resilient Asian
mosquito (Aedes
albopictus, as opposed to the malaria
mosquito, Aedes aegypti) seems likely to spread even further than it has already.
Currently, both species of
mosquito that transmit dengue (Aedes aegypti and Aedes
albopictus) live in Florida, but the last time there was a significant outbreak of the disease was in the mid-1930s.