Corals are affected by warming of surface waters (Chapter 6, Box 6.1; Reynaud et al., 2003; McNeil et al., 2004; McWilliams et al., 2005) leading to bleaching (loss of
algal symbionts — Chapter 6, Box 6.1).
In order to sustain photosynthesis, corals actively pump hydrogen ions (H +) into the vesicles encapsulating
their algal symbionts.
Recently, laboratory experiments with live foraminifera have demonstrated that the photosynthetic activity of
algal symbionts and the carbonate ion concentration -LRB-[CO32 --RSB--RRB- of seawater also affect shell d18O values.
Grossman explains: «One theory that we are exploring is that under heat - stress conditions the corals eject
the algal symbionts at night in order to avoid the production and accumulation of photosynthetically - derived toxic oxygen molecules during the day.
Mesophotic (medium light): 40 to as deep as 150 meters (120 - 450 feet), the maximum depth at which tropical reef - building corals and
their algal symbionts can survive.
The endosymbiotic acquisition of a eukaryote cell is represented in the cryptophytes; where the remnant nucleus of the red
algal symbiont (the nucleomorph) is present between the two inner and two outer plastid membranes.
Not exact matches
These
symbiont algae produce sugars that contribute to the diet of the coral in return for shelter and nutrients that are vital for
algal growth.
We identified species not known to be associated with thermally tolerant
algal Symbiodinium
symbionts from clades D, C1 and C15, as well as those not known to be able to change or «shuffle» clades and / or types over time.