Sentences with phrase «allele frequency in»

It is fixed in the Dalmatian breed and occurs at high allele frequency in the Bulldog and Black Russian Terrier breeds [29].

The randomized study reveals a current 2 % PFK mutant allele frequency in the field trial ESSP breeding population.

HUU test A DNA test for the hyperuricosuria mutation is now available and may be used by breeders to decrease the mutant allele frequency in breeds that carry the mutation.

Change in allele frequency in a population of time, common descent, punctuated equilibria, etc., etc. have no foundation in biogenesis.

Evolution the fact is defined as a change in allele frequency in a population over time.

For example, population processes associated with colonization, periods of geographic isolation, socially reinforced endogamy, and natural selection all have affected allele frequencies in certain populations (Jorde et al. 2000b; Bamshad and Wooding 2003).

The biobank included relatively few old people, but it did have information about participants» parents, so the team also looked for connections between parental death and allele frequencies in their children.

Here, we report genome - wide allele frequencies in 347 extinct CC lines.

When IR values were adjusted using allele frequencies in village dogs, the mean IRVD value for English bulldogs rose to 0.34, with 50 % of dogs having even greater values.

Samples from 733 privately owned pet MWHDs, 502 females and 191 males, were collected for the purpose of diagnostic genetic testing for canine Lafora disease to determine the genotype and allele frequencies in the tested population.

This study examines genetic diversity among 102 registered English Bulldogs used for breeding based on maternal and paternal haplotypes, allele frequencies in 33 highly polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) lo...

Through the examination of SNP allele frequencies in the Labrador Retriever family, we identified 2 chromosomes harboring CMS candidate genes that showed an inheritance pattern consistent with autosomal recessive transmission.

Allele frequencies in regions on the 13 chromosomes harboring candidate genes were evaluated for a pattern consistent with a recessive trait (Table S2).

Not exact matches

The change in allele frequency may arise by any number of mechanisms including the addition of a novel allele via mutation.

And the frequency of CC genotype in recurrent miscarriage group was decreased significantly, while the frequency of T allele in URSA was increased.

In some cases, we can actually trace that increased risk to actual alleles that segregate at different frequencies in different populations (eg., diabetes in Native American populationsIn some cases, we can actually trace that increased risk to actual alleles that segregate at different frequencies in different populations (eg., diabetes in Native American populationsin different populations (eg., diabetes in Native American populationsin Native American populations).

Among individuals with two divergent mitochondrial haplotypes (mt - haplotypes), the genome - wide analyses revealed significant differences in nuclear allele frequencies.

«If a new mutation arose in a certain population and it was strongly favored, natural selection would drive the frequency of that allele up very quickly,» he says.

The research by scientists at Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Columbia University shows a link between a particular allele for serotonin found at a higher frequency in those at risk of depression because of family history, and those who go on to develop major depressive disorder.

«If the resistance alleles had a high fitness cost, we should have seen them decrease in frequency or disappear over the six generations,» Tranel says.

We tried to match up the allele frequency shifts in this experiment with the genome - level differentiation that we observed in our genome - resequencing populations.

With the help of giant genomic data sets, scientists can now track these evolutionary shifts in allele frequencies over short timescales.

Pickrell also reported that the frequency of the ApoE4 allele, which is associated with Alzheimer's disease, drops in older people because carriers died early.

In contrast, the allele's frequency in women and in people from Northern California did not vary with age, presumably because fewer in these groups smoked heavily and the allele did not affect their survivaIn contrast, the allele's frequency in women and in people from Northern California did not vary with age, presumably because fewer in these groups smoked heavily and the allele did not affect their survivain women and in people from Northern California did not vary with age, presumably because fewer in these groups smoked heavily and the allele did not affect their survivain people from Northern California did not vary with age, presumably because fewer in these groups smoked heavily and the allele did not affect their survivain these groups smoked heavily and the allele did not affect their survival.

As smoking habits have changed, the pressure to weed out the allele has ceased, and its frequency is unchanged in younger men, Pickrell explains.

Because alleles carry neighboring DNA with them as they circulate, the number of singletons on nearby DNA can be used as a rough molecular clock, indicating how quickly that allele has changed in frequency.

Today, evolution is defined as the change in the frequency of alleles in populations over time.

Genotype and allele frequency analyses did not result in significant associations when the combined endurance versus sprint athletes were compared (Supplemental Table 1).

Stratification of endurance and sprint athletes based on sport classification resulted in significant genotypes and allele frequencies (Table 3).

Our approach differs from that adopted by Charlesworth [61], [62], who developed mathematical models to formalize the mutation accumulation hypothesis [63] that, together with the antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis [3], [64], may be used to show how senescence can evolve by the accumulation of deleterious alleles through mutation - selection balance at frequencies that increase with their age of onset; such mutations enhance reproductive performance early in life but diminish survival late in life through physiological trade - offs.

In a sample with 26.9 % of CXCR4 alleles disrupted, NHEJ events were detected at a frequency of 2.3 % (170/7531 reads) in an extragenic region on chromosome 12 and 0.8 % (84 / 10531) in ADAMTS17, a metalloprotease of unknown function [45In a sample with 26.9 % of CXCR4 alleles disrupted, NHEJ events were detected at a frequency of 2.3 % (170/7531 reads) in an extragenic region on chromosome 12 and 0.8 % (84 / 10531) in ADAMTS17, a metalloprotease of unknown function [45in an extragenic region on chromosome 12 and 0.8 % (84 / 10531) in ADAMTS17, a metalloprotease of unknown function [45in ADAMTS17, a metalloprotease of unknown function [45].

In the current study, the genotype and allele frequency of a SNP in exon 3 of the IL15RA gene were associated with elite human endurance athletes stratified by sporIn the current study, the genotype and allele frequency of a SNP in exon 3 of the IL15RA gene were associated with elite human endurance athletes stratified by sporin exon 3 of the IL15RA gene were associated with elite human endurance athletes stratified by sport.

A similar pattern has been observed in humans, where alleles associated with lactase persistence in Europe did not rise to significant frequencies until at least the Bronze Age, that is, 3,000 years after the introduction of pastoral livestock35.

Adaptation in quantitative traits likely often occurs through subtle shifts in allele frequencies at many loci, a process called polygenic adaptation.

Seventy mtDNA SNPs met our minimum minor allele frequency threshold of 5 %, and were included in association tests with demographic and symptomatic variables associated with ME / CFS.

The allele has the highest frequency in Indians, who have traditionally relied heavily on a plant - based diet.

The scientists first analyzed the frequencies of the vegetarian allele in 234 primarily vegetarian Indians and 311 Americans living today.

As the Pf3k project evolves, there will be the option to include even more data, for example allele frequencies and neighbour - joining trees, as we've done in the Panoptes - based Ag1000G application.»

Of the genotyped Icelanders, 7.7 % are homozygotes or compound heterozygotes for loss - of - function mutations with a minor allele frequency (MAF) below 2 % in 1,171 genes (complete knockouts).

A clustering analysis of mutant allele frequencies suggested that there were four clones (tumor subpopulations) in the primary tumor defined by distinct sets of mutations.

Assuming that all mutations are heterozygous (which is likely), the observed allele frequencies suggest that shared mutations are present in virtually all tumor cells.

In unadjusted chi2 analyses, the frequency of the minor Ser482 allele was significantly lower in cases than in controls (29.1 vs. 40.0 %; P = 0.01In unadjusted chi2 analyses, the frequency of the minor Ser482 allele was significantly lower in cases than in controls (29.1 vs. 40.0 %; P = 0.01in cases than in controls (29.1 vs. 40.0 %; P = 0.01in controls (29.1 vs. 40.0 %; P = 0.01).

Using large - scale empirical and simulated data sets, we found that the sample sizes used in the HapMap project are sufficient to capture common variation, but that performance declines substantially for variants with minor allele frequencies of < 5 %.

We tested the hypothesis that the frequency of the minor Ser482 allele at the PPARGC1A locus is lower in World - class Spanish male endurance athletes (cases)[n = 104; mean (SD) age: 26.8 (3.8) yr] than in unfit United Kingdom (UK) Caucasian male controls [n = 100; mean (SD) age: 49.3 (8.1) yr].

In these analyses, Ser482 allele frequencies were very similar (36.9 % in Spanish vs. 37.5 % in UK Caucasians, P = 0.83), suggesting that confounding by genetic stratification is unlikely to explain the association between Gly482Ser genotype and endurance capacitIn these analyses, Ser482 allele frequencies were very similar (36.9 % in Spanish vs. 37.5 % in UK Caucasians, P = 0.83), suggesting that confounding by genetic stratification is unlikely to explain the association between Gly482Ser genotype and endurance capacitin Spanish vs. 37.5 % in UK Caucasians, P = 0.83), suggesting that confounding by genetic stratification is unlikely to explain the association between Gly482Ser genotype and endurance capacitin UK Caucasians, P = 0.83), suggesting that confounding by genetic stratification is unlikely to explain the association between Gly482Ser genotype and endurance capacity.

They applied a strategy for seraching genes with multiple rare (minor allele frequency < 0.001) variants in cases but not in controls with a potentially damaging effect.

In fact, the most informative markers are likely to have high minor allele frequencies, which likely makes them neutral with respect to selection, and therefore not functional variants.

Not so long ago, there was a hope in the research community that common genetic variation, i.e. variants present at minor allele frequencies > 5 % in human populations, might explain most or all of the heritability of common complex disease.

We did not find significant differences or deviations in a consistent direction in the frequency of derived alleles in islands of divergence within O. c. cuniculus or in either subspecies when defining differentiation based on the proportion of fixed differences versus shared polymorphisms (Figure 3); however, intervals of high FST in O. c. algirus did show a significant skew towards high frequency derived alleles.

Detection correlated with both the relative expression level of the gene and the allele frequency of the mutation in the genome.