Sentences with phrase «alleles at»

Linkage disequilibrium mapping at DAT1, DRD5 andDBH narrows the search for ADHD susceptibility alleles at these loci

There are two common functionally different alleles at the 5 - HTTLPR site, the short (s) allele and the long (l) allele.

Data Extraction Logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of the number of short alleles at 5 - HTTLPR, the number of stressful life events, and their interaction on depression.

In conclusion, there exists a robust relationship between the cultural construct individualism — collectivism and the prevalence of alleles at several polymorphisms with apparent psychological effects.

In order to say that dogs are capable of producing a solid - color coat, they either must have at least one copy of As (they are black dogs), or they have a pair of ay alleles at that locus (solid, but red - yellow), or they do have an As but not an E to express it (they only possess ee and thus are also solid reds).

If he has both alleles at the D locus expressed as d, he will be dark slate - blue in both the coat and integument places that DD or Dd dogs would be black.

Expression of all of them requires any combination of two ky or Kbr alleles at the K locus, and at least one E or Em allele at the E locus.

One of the alleles at each locus is dominant and determines the traits, like coat color, portrayed in the dog.

In the instances where some alleles at the E locus refuse to allow black genes to be expressed, you can get tan expressed in its place: think some Chessies, Chows, Danes, and others.

Only when both of the alleles at the E locus are the recessive e allele, will the coat be yellow.

Investigation of the joint effect of DRD4 and TH showed that dogs possessing long alleles at both sites were scored as less active - impulsive than others.

All dogs have alleles at every locus.

This locus includes several alleles, and Embark can currently differentiate some, but not all, of the possible alleles at this location.

To continually produce more extreme variation despite these purifying forces requires the dog genome to create new alleles at an extraordinary rate.

In this scenario, if a locus i contains a drive element and the next locus does not, then the drive cuts both wild - type alleles at that locus until both copies are disrupted, rendering resulting gametes nonviable (ci = 1).

At low - density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), carriers of rare non-synonymous mutations were at 4.2-fold increased risk for MI; carriers of null alleles at LDLR were at even higher risk (13-fold difference).

The original model [5]--[6] considered individuals with two alleles at each of two loci (ancestral population with genotype aabb).

We examined whether domesticated alleles at each locus coalesce more recently than ancient alleles, as would be expected if domestication results in a selective sweep.

Heterozygosity for A / J - derived alleles at both Bhr1 and Bhr5 is sufficient to confer the airway hyperresponsive phenotype.

We implemented mutant alleles at any among five autosomal loci that imparted nonpleiotropic, deleterious effects (i.e., mutations that affected fertility did not affect survival and vice versa).

«Often this means making crosses with somewhat distant individuals, which may carry unfavorable alleles at many positions in the genome.

Arrow indicates the first appearance of the derived allele at position 10,218, distinguishing clusters 2 and 3.

From the pileup files, the major allele at each mtDNA base - pair position was called as the allele in the consensus sequence.

Finally, allele - specific expression indicates that expression of one of the three NCAM genes has a two-fold reduction in expression when linked to the derived «sand» allele at the CNE.

Additionally, we used interface species that were naturally segregating the «rock» allele and «sand» allele at the NCAM CNE to confirm that genotype at the locus is associated with behavioral variation among full siblings within a species.

The derived allele at this locus is nearly fixed in floppy - eared breeds, consistent with the floppy ear position being the derived phenotype (Figure S2).

For example, Clone # 5 had only a 10 - bp insertion / 4 - bp deletion on one allele and a 1 - bp insertion on the other allele at the editing site.

Additionally, we found that CGG10023 carried the alternative allele at ACN9 homologue (S. cerevisiae; ACN9), CKM, and COX4 / 1, all of which are associated with increased winning performance in modern race horses (37, 38).

We tested the hypothesis that the frequency of the minor Ser482 allele at the PPARGC1A locus is lower in World - class Spanish male endurance athletes (cases)[n = 104; mean (SD) age: 26.8 (3.8) yr] than in unfit United Kingdom (UK) Caucasian male controls [n = 100; mean (SD) age: 49.3 (8.1) yr].

Unequal duplicate epistasis - the normal allele at clf1 is a dominant suppressor of the recessive phenotype at clf2, and the normal allele at clf2 is a semidominant suppressor of the recessive phenotype at the clf1 locus.

Doing a genetic test and subsequently eliminating an individual from the breeding population may not be the best strategy, as by targeting a particular allele at one genetic locus for removal from the gene pool of a particular breed, breeders may in fact increase allele frequency of genetic variants on alternative haplotypes at the same, or a different locus, that are recessively deleterious.

When a breed population carries a high frequency for a known detrimental allele at a specific genetic locus, it may be possible to crossbreed with an animal free of the detrimental allele and then backcross to the original lineage, monitoring the presence of the desired allele using genetic testing.

Please note... there is no estimate of the frequency of the false allele at this time, although it is much lower with the recently improved tests.

If a dog has a double dose of the d allele in place of the dominant D allele at the D locus, such a dog will be blue (in the integument).

It could be Asee, the combined presence of the dominant black allele at the A locus but with two copies of the recessive «non-extension» allele e at the E locus: the As would try to demand a solid black, but the e on the other locus does not allow that color to be extended to the haircoat.

Remarkably, the haplotype significantly overrepresented in probands contained the higher - expressing allele at each locus, supporting the notion of increased serotonin transporter functioning being pathogenetically involved in OCD.

Consistent with the pathogenetic hypothesis of increased serotonin transporter activity in OCD, we showed that a haplotype containing the higher - expressing allele at each of several SLC6A4 loci is significantly associated with increased genetic susceptibility to OCD.

Not exact matches

When considering the founding kind pairs, we are looking at most to 4 alleles for each gene (1 / chromosome, 2 chromosomes / ndividual, 2 individuals).

Some genes have a variety of different forms, which are located at the same position on a chromosome; an allele is such a variant form of a gene.

Dr. Kshirod K. Jena, a principal scientist at IRRI whose research has been on breaking the yield barrier of rice using genomics strategy, and his team discovered that the gene Gn1a - type 3 allele had not been very effective in indica cultivars.

In some cases, we can actually trace that increased risk to actual alleles that segregate at different frequencies in different populations (eg., diabetes in Native American populations).

«This study reveals for the first time a comprehensive picture of all active alleles in different tissues — we have uncovered the first complete allelome» Florian Pauler, now at ISTA (Institute of Science and Technology Austria) and co-senior author, adds.

Present - day Europeans have more than 47,000 of these reintroduced ancestral alleles, and East Asians — who have more Neandertal ancestry than Europeans (SN Online: 2/12/15)-- carry more than 56,000, said Capra, an evolutionary geneticist at Vanderbilt University in Nashville.

Taking advantage of the handful of complete human genome sequences now available, the pair looked at how alleles — the two copies of each gene we inherit from our parents — differ within a genome.

The researchers headed up by Claudia Vigano and Abigail Bouwman of the human aDNA laboratory at the Institute of Evolutionary Medicine — the only laboratory of its kind in Switzerland — studied a thalassemia allele called cod39?

Reviewing thousands of genome wide associate studies (GWAS) to identify genetic variants in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), investigators at Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center found that some alleles (one of a pair of genes located on a specific chromosome) are more frequently risk - associated with disease than protective.

Of the Iron Age individuals, three carry at least one Duffy null allele, protecting against malaria, and two have at least one sleeping - sickness - resistance variant in the APOL1 gene.

Women with two copies of s fared even worse: They had bones that were 4 % less dense — and faced a 280 % higher risk of fracture — than did women without any s alleles, says team member Andre Uitterlinden, a molecular geneticist at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

The study found that among those at low risk for depression, the «S» (short) allele is associated with a thinner cortex than those with the «L» (long) allele.

There are two types of alleles, called A and G. Among the people with at least one A allele, 80 % benefited from the drug, while only 62 % of those with 2 G alleles did well.