Nonetheless, given
the almost hysterical reaction of some theologians, particularly a fair number among the members of the Catholic Theological Society of America (CTSA), to such Vatican directives as Ex Corde Ecclesiae (1990) and Ad Tuendam Fidem (1998), we can conclude that many professional theologians, and theological faculties, apparently have yet to absorb Newman's point that magisterial authority is necessary for the proper teaching and pursuit of theology.