Richard G. Klein, Nicholas Wade and Spencer Wells,
among others, have postulated that
modern humans did not leave Africa and successfully colonize the rest of the world until as recently as 60,000 — 50,000 years B.P., pushing back the dates for subsequent
population splits as well.
In the same way that inbreeding
among human populations can increase the frequency of normally rare genes that cause diseases, the selective breeding that created the hundreds of
modern dog breeds has put purebred dogs at risk for a large number of health problems, affecting both body and behavior.