But the overall risks to the baby remained small regardless of the birth plan — there were about two deaths per 1,000 births
among planned hospital births, vs. four deaths per 1,000 births planned at home or in birthing centers.
Previous research from the UK and Canada has identified a lower risk of PPH among planned home births than
among planned hospital births [4, 11], but the UK study did not attempt to control for confounding variables.
The most recent large scale study comparing outcomes for mother and baby reported in the British Medical Journal last month showed that for women who had previously given birth, adverse outcomes were less common among planned home births (1 per 1,000) than
among planned hospital births (2.3 per 1,000).
Future research should focus on possible explanations for the significantly higher risk of PPH
among those planning a hospital birth, and address the possibility that procedures such as augmentation, emergency Caesarean section and episiotomy are over-used in the hospital setting.
Not exact matches
What the authors should have told us was that there were two neonatal deaths (0.11 %)
among women
planning a home
birth and four (0.03 %) from women
planning to give
birth in the
hospital.
In the latest paper discussed in that post, Severe adverse maternal outcomes
among low risk women with
planned home versus
hospital births in the Netherlands: nationwide cohort study, de Jonge concluded:
Study results provide evidence that mortality outcomes in
planned home
birth are not significantly different compared to
planned hospital birth,
among 693,592 women with singleton
births in the Netherlands.
Her latest effort is Severe adverse maternal outcomes
among low risk women with
planned home versus
hospital births in the Netherlands: nationwide cohort study.
We categorized out - of -
hospital and in -
hospital births in Oregon according to the intended place of delivery and in comparing outcomes found that the risks for some adverse neonatal outcomes were increased
among planned out - of -
hospital births.
The odds of cesarean section
among women
planning out - of -
hospital birth were lower
among multiparous women than
among nulliparous women and
among women with 12 years of education or less than
among women with more than 12 years of education (Figure 1).
In many previous U.S. studies, it was not possible to disaggregate
planned in -
hospital births from
planned out - of -
hospital births that took place in the
hospital after a woman's intrapartum transfer to the
hospital.3, 9,10 The latter
births represent 16.5 % of
planned out - of -
hospital births in our population, and misclassification of these
births as in -
hospital births caused rates of adverse outcomes
among planned out - of -
hospital births to be underestimated (in some cases, substantially).
Obstetrical procedures were more common
among women who had
planned in -
hospital births than
among women who delivered out of the
hospital (30.4 % vs. 1.5 % for induction of labor and 26.4 % vs. 1.1 % for augmentation of labor, P < 0.001 for both comparisons)(Table 3).
After
hospital transfers were reclassified as belonging to the
planned out - of -
hospital birth category, the rate of fetal death was higher (though not quite reaching the level of significance)
among out - of -
hospital births than
among in -
hospital births (2.4 vs. 1.2 deaths per 1000 deliveries, P = 0.05)(Table 3).
The proportions of women who were white, had private insurance or paid out of pocket, or were of advanced maternal age were higher
among women who
planned out - of -
hospital birth than
among those who
planned in -
hospital birth (Table 1).
de Jonge A, Mesman JA, Manniën J, Zwart JJ, van Dillen J, van Roosmalen J. Severe adverse maternal outcomes
among low risk women with
planned home versus
hospital births in the Netherlands: nationwide cohort study.
We observed higher rates of perinatal deaths, depressed 5 - minute Apgar scores, neonatal seizures, and maternal blood transfusions
among planned out - of -
hospital births; these persisted after multivariable and propensity - score adjustment.
But a comparison of «low - risk» women who
planned to give
birth at home with those who
planned to give
birth in
hospital with a midwife found no difference in death or serious illness
among either baby or mother.
Perinatal mortality and morbidity up to 28 days after
birth among 743,070 low - risk
planned home and
hospital births: A cohort study based on three merged national perinatal databases.
Women and their partners should be advised that the risk of PPH is higher
among births planned to take place in
hospital compared to
births planned to take place at home, but that further research is needed to understand (a) whether the same pattern applies to the more life - threatening categories of PPH, and (b) why
hospital birth is associated with increased odds of PPH.
These findings follow earlier research by Janssen that demonstrated that
planned home
births resulted in fewer interventions and similar rates of adverse newborn outcomes compared to
planned hospital births among women who met the criteria for home
births.
The relative safety of
planned home
births is a topic of continuous debate, but studies have so far been too small to compare severe maternal complications between
planned home and
planned hospital birth among low risk women.
The aim of this study is to compare the odds of postpartum haemorrhage
among women who opt for home
birth against the odds of postpartum haemorrhage for those who
plan a
hospital birth.
A quarter of women who
planned hospital births had C - sections that can add serious complications to future pregnancies — five times the rate of C - section
among those who
planned to give
birth outside the
hospital.
The risk of all adverse maternal outcomes assessed was significantly lower
among the women who
planned a home
birth than
among those who
planned a physician - attended
hospital birth (Table 3).
23 Therefore, the higher rate of admission (or readmission if a
hospital birth)
among newborns in the
planned home -
birth group than of readmission in the
planned hospital -
birth group may have been linked to the need for treatment of hyper - bilirubinemia, which,
among babies born in
hospital, may require a longer stay in
hospital rather than readmission.
The following study was the largest home
birth study done in the U.S.
Among 16,924 women who
planned home
births at onset of labor 89 % gave
birth at home, 11 % transferred to the
hospital, 5.2 % had a c - section.
Results: The rate of perinatal death per 1000
births was 0.35 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.00 — 1.03) in the group of
planned home
births; the rate in the group of
planned hospital births was 0.57 (95 % CI 0.00 — 1.43)
among women attended by a midwife and 0.64 (95 % CI 0.00 — 1.56)
among those attended by a physician.
The rate of perinatal death per 1000
births was 0.35 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.00 - 1.03) in the group of
planned home
births; the rate in the group of
planned hospital births was 0.57 (95 % CI 0.00 - 1.43)
among women attended by a midwife and 0.64 (95 % CI 0.00 - 1.56)
among those attended by a physician.
RESULTS: The rate of perinatal death per 1000
births was 0.35 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.00 - 1.03) in the group of
planned home
births; the rate in the group of
planned hospital births was 0.57 (95 % CI 0.00 - 1.43)
among women attended by a midwife and 0.64 (95 % CI 0.00 - 1.56)
among those attended by a physician.
The intrapartum and neonatal mortality
among women considered at low risk at start of labour, excluding deaths concerning life threatening congenital anomalies, was 1.7 deaths per 1000
planned home
births, similar to risks in other studies of low risk home and
hospital births in North America.
Unfortunately, there is no way to discern from these data which obstetrical interventions — if any — that were significantly more common
among women with
planned hospital births contributed to their reduced rates of perinatal complications and which were «unnecessary.»
Including these women
among hospital births would bias the results of
planned hospital births negatively and home
births positively.
Percentage non-optimal characteristics in the perinatal background index
among planned home and
planned hospital births in primiparous and multiparous women