The researchers suggested that these findings imply that hip flexor length affects gluteus maximus and hamstrings EMG
amplitudes during squatting motions, at least during eccentric muscle actions.
In respect of lumbar posture, Vakos et al. (1994) compared the hamstrings EMG
amplitude during squats with kyphotic and lordotic postures and found no differences between the two variations.
Not exact matches
Studies have investigated the effects of stance width and weight belt usage
during back
squats on adductor magnus EMG
amplitude (Zink et al. 2001; Paoli et al 2009).
In contrast, Youdas et al. (2007) did not find any significant differences in hamstrings EMG
amplitude during 1 - leg
squats performed on stable and labile surfaces.
Similarly, Ninos et al. (1997) found no changes in EMG
amplitude with knee flexion angles
during the
squat, while changes in quadriceps EMG
amplitude were noted.
Similarly, Shields et al. (2005) also reported that although hamstrings EMG
amplitude increased with increasing load
during 1 - leg
squats, the quadriceps displayed much greater EMG
amplitude than the hamstrings at all loads, with the quadriceps - to - hamstrings ratio of EMG
amplitude ranging from 2.3 — 3.0.
For example, Youdas et al. (2007) found that males but not females displayed greater hamstrings EMG
amplitude than quadriceps EMG
amplitude during the split
squat.
Studies have investigated the effects of stance width and bar speed
during back
squats as well as squeezing a medicine ball between the legs
during leg presses on adductor longus EMG
amplitude (McCaw & Melrose, 1999; Manabe et al. 2007; Peng et al. 2013).
Some research has reported that hamstrings EMG
amplitude does not increase to the same extent as the EMG
amplitude of other lower body muscles
during back
squats with increasing load.
For example, Zeller et al. (2003) investigated leg muscle EMG
amplitude during the 1 - leg
squat and found that hamstrings EMG
amplitude was low, particularly in comparison with quadriceps EMG
amplitude.
Studies have found that gluteus maximus EMG
amplitude increases
during the back
squat with both load (Savelberg et al. 2007; Li et al. 2013; Aspe and Swinton, 2014; Gomes et al. 2015; Giroux et al. 2015) and speed (Manabe et al. 2007).
Few studies have directly studied gluteus maximus EMG
amplitude during the Smith machine
squat.
Gluteus maximus EMG
amplitude can be enhanced
during lunges (and probably also split
squats) by selecting the forward variation, using longer step lengths, and using elastic resistance to increase the difficulty at the top of the movement.
Although Kim et al. (2013a) found that gluteus maximus EMG
amplitude was enhanced by instability
during a prone hip extension performed with a foam roll, and Barton et al. (2014) found that gluteus maximus EMG
amplitude was enhanced
during single - leg
squats with a Swiss ball, such potentially positive findings have not been observed by all researchers.
However, Struminger et al. (2013) explored the gluteus maximus EMG
amplitude during a range of different lower body plyometrics exercises (180 degree jump, frontal plane hurdle hop, double leg sagittal plane hurdle hop, single leg sagittal plane hurdle hop, and split
squat jump).