Sentences with phrase «analysis for such studies»

HM - SNS allows researchers to sequence the genomes of single tumor cells and study multiple cells simultaneously, both lowering the cost and boosting data analysis for such studies.

Not exact matches

To date, results from several longitudinal studies indicate that e-cigarette use among nonsmoking youth increases the likelihood of future use of conventional cigarettes.5 — 10 Specifically, the pooled odds ratio (OR) in a recent meta - analysis of studies of adolescents and young adults (aged 14 — 30) indicates that those who had ever used e-cigarettes were 3.62 times more likely to report using cigarettes at follow - up compared with those who had not used e - cigarettes.11 This finding was robust and remained significant when adjusting for known risk factors associated with cigarette smoking, including demographic, psychosocial, and behavioral variables such as cigarette susceptibility.

Many — if not most — studies — such as literature, philosophy, history, religion, geography, and anthropology (to name only some of them)-- by their very nature draw upon a variety of other fields of study and thus are particularly suited to general education, provided they are not ruined for that purpose by professional zeal to make them into precise, technical, exclusive disciplines — as occurs even in such a naturally general field as literature, when its promoters restrict it to technical textual analysis.

For example, in a recent analysis published in an edition of International Studies in Catholic Education dedicated to the question of whether there can be such a thing as a Catholic curriculum, Therese D'Orsa argues from the Australian experience that «attempts to give meaning to the concept of a Catholic curriculum... have ranged across a spectrum familiar to those who lead in Catholic schools» and that such initiatives have had a «limited impact».

But, as Bohm points out, such a position can not stand up to critical analysis, for the molecules studied by biologists in living organisms are constituted of electrons, protons and other such particles, from which it must follow that they too are capable of behaving in ways that can not be described in terms of mechanical concepts.

Our analyses focused on five conditions that have been consistently associated with breastfeeding in observational studies that adjusted for parity as well as known or suspected confounders such as diet, physical activity, oral contraceptive use (in the case of cancer and hypertension), 6,7,18 and socioeconomic status (Table 1).

The study includes: an analysis of the state needs assessments that were provided in the state MIECHV applications and an effectiveness study that includes an impact analysis to measure what difference home visiting programs make for the at - risk families they serve in areas such as prenatal, maternal, and newborn health; child development; parenting; domestic violence; and referrals and service coordination.

Existing reviews of parent training have methodological limitations such as inclusion of non-randomised studies, the absence of investigation for heterogeneity prior to meta - analysis or failure to report confidence intervals.

However these existing reviews have limitations, such as the inclusion of non-randomised studies, the absence of a test for heterogeneity prior to the conduct of a meta - analysis and failure to report confidence intervals.

Given the heterogeneity in the choice of outcome measures routinely collected and reported in randomised evaluations of models of maternity care, a core (minimum) data set, such as that by Devane 2007, and a validated measure of maternal quality of life and well being would be useful not only within multi-centre trials and for comparisons between trials, but might also be a significant step in facilitating useful meta - analyses of similar studies.

A recent meta - analysis of 11 studies that investigated the association of bed - sharing and SIDS revealed a summary OR of 2.88 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.99 — 4.18) with bed - sharing.158 Furthermore, bed - sharing in an adult bed not designed for infant safety exposes the infant to additional risks for accidental injury and death, such as suffocation, asphyxia, entrapment, falls, and strangulation.159, 160 Infants, particularly those in the first 3 months of life and those born prematurely and / or with low birth weight, are at highest risk, 161 possibly because immature motor skills and muscle strength make it difficult to escape potential threats.158 In recent years, the concern among public health officials about bed - sharing has increased, because there have been increased reports of SUIDs occurring in high - risk sleep environments, particularly bed - sharing and / or sleeping on a couch or armchair.162, — , 165

Given the heterogeneity in the choice of outcome measures routinely collected and reported in randomised evaluations of models of maternity care, a core (minimum) dataset, such as that by Devane 2007, and a validated measure of maternal quality of life and wellbeing would be useful not only within multi-centre trials and for comparisons between trials, but might also be a significant step in facilitating useful meta - analyses of similar studies.

To decide a group is crazy all too often lets Political Risk Analysts off the hook, as such a characterisation implicitly means that analysis is simply impossible, as the group in question is not sane enough for rational analysis — the kind capable of being studied and assessed — to be made.

Researchers can also conduct their own analyses of the data by, for example, studying possible interrelationships among different indicators, such as education, R&D, and economic activity.

Their study showed it is possible to release such data to the public for analysis and guarantee it safe against unwanted leaks, with comparable or even better accuracy of the results than current methods — which don't make similar privacy guarantees.

Based on analyses of scales from highly relevant species for aquaculture such as common carp (Cyprinus carpio), gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and pike perch (Stizostedion lucioperca) as well as from fish commonly used in experimental studies such as zebrafish (Danio rerio), it was found that glucocorticoids, especially cortisol, incorporate in fish scales over time.

For all such studies, however, objective, credible, disinterested and quantitative risk - benefit analysis is needed before further experiments continue.

Although the study was conducted throughout Europe, where residents of countries such as Greece and Italy are thought to have healthier diets to begin with, the researchers say that results would probably be similar if the analysis had been done in the U.S. «There is no reason to expect a different effect in the U.S. vs. Europe for a comparable level of consumption,» Paolo Boffetta, of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York and lead researcher on the study, wrote in an e-mail to ScientificAmerican.com.

«Our analysis provides a framework for understanding how such policies would benefit China's water use in the future,» said study co-author Denise Mauzerall, professor of environmental engineering and international affairs.

By using social networks analysis, the study identified numerous opportunities for transmission not only in hospitals, but also in community settings, such as households and workplaces.

MEGENA (for Multiscale Embedded Gene Co-expression Network Analysis) projects gene expression data onto a three dimensional sphere, allowing scientists to study hierarchical organization patterns in complex networks that are characteristic of diseases such as cancer, obesity, and Alzheimer's.

The second tool, SuperExactTest, establishes the very first theoretical framework for assessing the statistical significance of multi-set intersections and enables users to compare very large sets of data, such as gene sets produced from genome - wide association studies (GWAS) and differential expression analysis.

There are alternatives to centrifugation such as microfluidic technology, which has been widely studied for various applications in biological and chemical analysis, point - of - care testing and diagnostics, and clinical analysis.

This empirical analysis of atmospheric pollutants, traffic congestion, consumer choice of fuel and meteorological conditions provides an important tool for studying other large cities, such as Chicago, New York, London and Beijing.

The research offers support for the recommendations of organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control, Institute of Medicine, and the American Academy of Pediatrics, all of which have advocated increasing the amount of time that elementary school children spend in gym class, says lead researcher and Cornell professor of policy analysis and management, John Cawley, who conducted the study with Chad Meyerhoefer of Lehigh University (Cornell Ph.D. 2002) and David Frisvold of Emory University.

«The fact that such small changes to the analysis make the difference between a hiatus or not merely underlines how fragile a concept it was in the first place,» Gavin Schmidt, the head of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, said.

Robert Toutkoushian, executive director of the University of New Hampshire Office of Policy Analysis, says that in his studies of national data, even when he controlled for what might be considered justifiable causes of the difference — such as years of experience, the highest degree earned, years of seniority, and departmental affiliation — an 8 % gap still remained.

The researchers say this is the first study to ever do such a genome - wide association analysis for an infectious disease.

Scientists for years have looked for the biological roots of the problem using tools such as genome - wide association studies and gene - linkage analysis, which crunch genetic and health data from thousands of people in an effort to pinpoint disease - causing genetic variants.

Large - scale and effective studies of biological molecules with a different structural basis such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids and numerous metabolites (including e.g. fatty acids, amino acids, purines, pyrimidines or steroids) is currently highly attractive because of the availability of modern instruments and tools for both separation and analysis (2 - D chromatographs, capillary electrophoresis systems, microfluidics, mass spectrometers, powerful NMR spectrometers, DNA / RNA arrays and others).

In fields such as the social sciences, studies and analyses are also indispensable for empirically proving the accuracy of assumptions and conclusions.

The validation process for new findings based on studies and analyses as described above is in no way limited to natural and engineering sciences such as physics, biology, chemistry, medicine and health, machine engineering or aero and space engineering.

The last steps of preparing a protein sample for downstream analyses, such as activity assays or structural studies, involve ensuring that the protein is in its native, soluble form, dissolved in the buffer of choice, and at an appropriate concentration.

Even more challenging, they used the rotor to study the metabolism of biological tissues under the low temperatures necessary to keep such tissues intact, the first time NMR has been used successfully for such analyses.

Major areas of activity in our lab include 1) identification and characterization of Sgenes, 2) genomic analyses to identify the diversity of TAL effectors in pathogen populations and understand their evolution, and 3) structural and biochemical studies to better harness the unique properties of these proteins for applications such as targeted gene regulation and genome editing.

Although this study was a retrospective analysis of medical records, the results warrant attention because researchers controlled for 12 external causes of early death, such as asthma, coronary disease, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes.

A review and meta - analysis of 25 studies on the incidence of colorectal cancer and the consumption of dietary fiber and whole grains such as oats revealed a 10 % reduced risk of colorectal cancer for every additional 10g of fiber.

M.v.N., E.J.M.F., and M.M. are the guarantors of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

They have collected stats and analysis from various sources, such as last year's Pew study, to give a good roundup of the pros and cons of using algorithms to help the search for love.

Read on to see an analysis of three such types of tasks as well as a case study presenting a possible solution and considerations for its successful implementation.

An analysis of the size of the training pool as identified by the Department for Education (DfE) in their annual Initial Teacher Training census suggests that vacancies are eroding the pool fastest in some small subject areas, such as social studies and business studies.

There are a number of reasons: 1) student achievement probably wasn't used as the measure of teacher effectiveness; 2) before the advent of the modern computer, in the mid-1960s, some of the more sophisticated analyses were not feasible; 3) the structure and makeup of schools change, making the findings less applicable to the current situation; 4) most important, older studies may not control for critical variables, such as students» backgrounds or past achievement.

Holly Yettick directs the Education Week Research Center, which produces standalone studies as well as analyses for Education Week and special reports such as Quality Counts.

Contents of this guide run as follows: * Visual summary of plot * Storyboard resource for students to then recall the plot and key events from memory * Form and structure comprehension questions * Settings questions * Context (students explore key issues raised in the play such as youth stereotypes, gang culture, growing violence in the age of the internet etc) * Symbols and Motifs - lots of information about symbols and motifs in the play, followed by a revision activity * Key Quotes - Students explore key quotes through analysis of their meaning and significance, quotes are broken down chapter by chapter and provide thematic links etc. * Themes - Students make connections between themes, characters and events in the novel * Characterisation - Students have to complete a character profile for all the main characters using the study tasks provided * Key Terminology - Exploring some key terminology and vocabulary that will deepen their understanding of the play as well as impress examiners.

But according to Gerald W. Bracey, the independent researcher who produced the analysis for the Education Policy Research Unit at Arizona State University, in Tempe, any studies that have proven such results do not hold up under review.

According to Sarah Frazelle, senior advisor for research and analysis at REL Northwest and co-author of the study, this could be because schools that have students enrolled in multiple classes per semester are required by the MTDA to provide additional support services to them, such as additional in - person guidance from a teacher as they complete the online course.

● Oversee the implementation of the educational vision across all campuses, and ensure schools are producing amazing outcomes for students ● Ensure all schools meet their academic and cultural goals ● Build a strong, collaborative team of principals ● Ensure schools are operationally strong, aesthetically beautiful and clean, within budget, and well - organized ● Oversee performance management systems and the hiring process across the schools ● Manage the college teams in supporting students as they prepare for college ● Provide individual development and management to school principals through one - on - one meetings, coaching, modeling, planning, and feedback ● Lead regular professional learning for school leaders (topics such as instructional leadership, personnel management, school operations, data analysis, school culture, and family investment) ● Study and analyze data on an ongoing basis ● Work with school principals to develop and implement action plans based on academic results

On the other hand, in order to comply with ESSA, states may use additional academic subjects such as science and social studies as the second academic indicator for elementary and middle schools, or as an indicator of school quality or student success for any schools, according to initial feedback from the Education Department.26 The analysis in this brief excludes these measures when identifying and weighting measures of school quality or student success.

From a policy perspective, such studies are also important for cost - benefit analysis, especially as a new universal - preschool program is being considered.

Index will initially be used exclusively by FMCSA for analysis and research purposes, such as selecting representative systematic samples of CDL drivers for authorized studies.