In indigenous Australians and Papua New Guineans, mingling with the Denisovans (the «other Neanderthal,»
an ancestral human living primarily in Asia) introduced genes related to «spermatogenesis, fertilization, cold acclimation, circadian rhythm, development of brain, neural tube, face, and olfactory pit, immunity,» as well as «female pregnancy, development of face, lung, heart, skin, nervous system, and male gonad, visual and smell perception, response to heat, pain, hypoxia, and UV, lipid transport, metabolism, blood coagulation, wound healing, aging.»
But perhaps more importantly, no
human infant (meaning no present
living human beings) would or could be alive today had our
ancestral mothers not have slept next to their infants for physiological regulation, management, protection, and to breastfeed throughout the night.
* Correction, 22 March, 4:42 p.m.: This story has been corrected to remove any implication that because the San's ancestors branched off early from other
human populations,
living San are unusually closely related to
ancestral humans.