Not exact matches
The collection includes stone tools and other artifacts, as well as fossilized bones of animals and
ancient hominins, including the Neandertal bones that formed part of the sample used in three recent studies of Neandertal
DNA.
DNA extracted from the bone belongs to a mysterious
ancient hominin that last shared an ancestor with our species and Neanderthals about a million years ago.
DNA analysis gives clues to how the
ancient hominin's population split and how they interacted with modern humans.
Matthias Meyer analyzes
ancient samples in a clean lab at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Meyer (left) and Juan Luis Arsuaga of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid discuss the unique characteristics of the
hominin fossils found at Sima de los Huesos; Bones are ground into a fine powder before isolating and extracting the
DNA in the sample.
Going further back in
hominin evolution,
ancient DNA work has helped to uncover human ancestors that were completely unknown to science.
That's what scientists who study
ancient humans will likely be doing following the revelation of a new technique that enables the recovery of
hominin DNA directly from sediments without the need for fossils.
But
ancient -
DNA sequencing is beginning to shed some light on the issue.11 For example, by comparing a human HAR sequence with the HAR sequence of an archaic
hominin, researchers can estimate if the HAR mutated before, after, or during the time period of our common ancestor.12 This approach has revealed that the rate at which HAR mutations emerged was slightly higher before we split from Neanderthals and Denisovans.3, 13 As a result, most HAR mutations are millions of years old and shared with these extinct
hominins (but not with chimpanzees).