We generated a reduced data set covering North - West Europe by excluding
ancient samples from Turkey, Greece, and Morocco, resulting in 42 ancient samples for TSHR locus and 30 ancient samples for BCDO2 locus (supplementary fig.
We present whole - genome sequences of 10
ancient samples from archaeological excavations in East England, which date to the late Iron Age and to the early and middle Anglo - Saxon periods and hence let us directly observe and quantify the genetic impact of the Anglo - Saxon migrations in England.
However, the slightly displaced position of
the ancient samples from the European cluster in the PCAs (particularly for CTC) suggests a complex history.
Fats are a good target, adds George Cody, acting director of the Geophysical Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, D.C. — tough, plentiful, and known to survive in
ancient samples from Earth.
The next step will be to gather more
ancient samples from before and after a major environmental change — the end of a glaciation, for example, or the arrival of humans in the New World — to see whether any epigenetic changes correlate with the environmental transition.
Not exact matches
Yes... along with representative
samples of the many, varied creation stories
from around the world - Hindu, American Indian, Mesoamerican, Asian,
ancient Egyptian, Greek & Roman, Maori, etc..
From curdling goat milk to
sampling sun - dried goat and the world's oldest cookie, Andrew savors the island's
ancient edible legacy.
From Ancient India, through Persia, Babylon, Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the glory of Greece, the descriptions of each civilization's rise and decline are full of pictures and biographies that illuminate the times in colorful examples and poetic
samplings.
Their work on
ancient DNA
from Viking Age horses is more promising: Kool and Boessenkool have collected about 100
samples, in different states of preservation,
from which they hope to build a detailed picture of how equine populations moved and changed.
At the outset of their multiyear project, Kool and Boessenkool planned to base their research exclusively on
ancient flora and fauna DNA
samples from museum collections and some fresh excavations.
«It's almost as if we had traveled back in time and
sampled the same plant that gave rise to cultivated peanuts
from the gardens of these
ancient people,» said David Bertioli, an International Peanut Genome Initiative, or IPGI, plant geneticist of the Universidade de Brasília, who is working at UGA.
The researchers found 14 new
ancient mitogenome sequences
from pre-Phoenician (~ 1800 BCE) and Phoenician (~ 700 - 400 BCE)
samples from Lebanon and Sardinia and then compared these with 87 new complete mitogenomes
from modern Lebanese and 21 recently published pre-Phoenician
ancient mitogenomes
from Sardinia.
«We can now obtain meaningful human, pathogen and dietary DNA
from a single
sample, which minimizes the amount of
ancient material required for analysis,» said Warinner.
Ancient DNA could potentially reveal much more: When compared to other Bronze Age
samples from around Europe at this time, it could point to the homelands of the warriors as well as such traits as eye and hair color.
It had been a different story at RAS's zoological museum a few days earlier, where she wasn't allowed to
sample the bones she had come for because they were already covered with drill marks
from other researchers who, like her, hoped to mine the relatively small number of
ancient polar bear
samples to reveal their evolutionary history.
But that study extracted
ancient DNA
from liver and intestinal
samples using a method susceptible to contamination with modern human and bacterial DNA, Drosou's team argues.
The
samples are frequently degraded and prone to contamination by DNA
from other sources, and coaxing data out of the
ancient material is costly and painstaking work.
On a trip to collect DNA
samples from ancient horse bones in Mongolia, Orlando got a whole new perspective on domestication.
They can also pull out the 5 per cent
from a fossil
sample that actually belongs to an
ancient species, rather than subsequent bacterial contamination, by matching it up with DNA
from a related, extant species.
Reassured by his nondestructive technique, curators at the Smithsonian and several other museums agreed to let a team led by Moini
sample silk objects spanning over 2000 years of history,
from ancient Chinese silks and French Renaissance tapestries to a U.S. Civil War flag and silk spun last year.
In some of the e-mail messages, Dr. Mann refers to his assembly of data
from a number of different sources, including
ancient tree rings and earth core
samples, as a «trick.»
Among the team's
samples were nine
ancient individuals — six males, two females, and a child of undetermined sex —
from the Yamnaya culture north of the Black Sea in today's Russia.
The mtDNA sequence the researchers claimed to have obtained
from the fossil is quite common in Europe today, making it difficult to rule out the possibility that someone not on the team touched the
sample or the lab equipment used in the analysis, says evolutionary geneticist and
ancient DNA expert Hendrik Poinar of McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada.
Researchers in Dublin and York used the latest scientific techniques to extract
ancient DNA and protein
from tiny
samples of parchment
from documents
from the late 17th and late 18th centuries.
Completed last June, the
Ancient Biomolecules Centre keeps a computer registry of all its employees» DNA, drawn
from hair
samples.
The concrete
sample examined at the Advanced Light Source by Berkeley researchers, BAI.06.03, is
from the harbor of Baiae, one of many
ancient underwater sites in the region.
Samples of
ancient carbon deposits
from this era show a marked increase in concentrations of carbon - 12 relative to its heavier isotope carbon - 13, indicating a lot of lighter carbon might have been suddenly released at the time.
Since the late 1990s, Poinar and his colleagues have analyzed everything
from ancient human to extinct ground sloth
samples.
Analysis of short DNA fragments
from a pair of
samples collected in India and Bhutan matched that of an
ancient polar bear bone.
In addition to collecting DNA
from hundreds of modern wolves as well as mutts and purebred dogs, the dual - origin researchers extracted DNA
from dozens of
ancient dogs, including a particularly high - value
sample from a 4,800 - year - old animal unearthed in Newgrange, Ireland.
«For example, we identify distinct events happening at different times among groups
sampled within Pakistan, with some inheriting DNA
from sub-Saharan Africa, perhaps related to the Arab Slave Trade, others
from East Asia, and yet another
from ancient Europe.
MIXED ANCESTRY Tiny
samples taken
from ancient European skulls, in a process shown here, yielded enough DNA for researchers to determine that farmers and foragers interbred in three different regions
from 8,000 to nearly 4,000 years ago.
New diagnostic techniques revealed traces of blood (inset, in blue) in microscopic
samples from ancient African artifacts such as this one.
Previously,
ancient genome analysis has been limited to
samples from northern and arctic regions.
Evolutionary biologist David Lambert of Griffith University in Australia and his team analyzed DNA
samples taken
from ancient tuatara bones and
from living specimens.
Sediment core
samples drawn
from Lake Titicaca, South America's largest freshwater lake, have revealed a 25,000 - year precipitation record that may rewrite the books on
ancient climate.
It is illegal to remove archaeological
samples from Egypt, so the researchers dated items
from museum collections in Europe and North America, as well as freshly excavated seed
samples from Tell es - Sakan on the Gaza Strip, which was an outpost of
ancient Egypt.
Their prediction is based on a new method of interpreting data
from magnetic traces found in
ancient rock
samples.
While visiting France a few years back, geologist John Spray of the University of New Brunswick in Canada chiseled some rock
samples from the
ancient Rochechouart crater in west - central France.
The team also took core
samples of mud
from 1 to 2 meters below the seafloor and analyzed
ancient pollen to determine the age of the
samples.
The team collected
samples of methane
from settings such as lakes, swamps, natural gas reservoirs, the digestive tracts of cows, and deep
ancient groundwater, as well as methane made by microbes in the lab.
By employing a technique they developed that involves collecting methane
from roughly ten thousand gallons of seawater per
sample, they made a surprising discovery:
ancient - sourced methane is indeed being released into the ocean; but very little survives to be emitted to the atmosphere, even at surprisingly shallow depths.
Daniel Bradley and Ceiridwen Edwards, geneticists at Trinity College Dublin, obtained
samples from 23
ancient Irish bear fossils found in caves in Ireland as well.
Warming and the seas — both on the rise Those
ancient samples of sediment
from 10 coastal wetlands in North Carolina provide some of the best evidence that sea - level rise closely follows warmer temperatures, Rahmstorf says.
Samples from this
Ancient Roman pier, Portus Cosanus in Orbetello, Italy, were studied with X-rays at Berkeley Lab.
These
ancient rice
samples were compared to a database collected
from 216 modern cultivated and wild rice DNA
samples from around the world.
Evidence based on
ancient DNA
samples and historical climate patterns has suggested that the recurrent outbreaks of the second pandemic were caused by multiple reintroductions of Yersinia pestis into Europe, most likely
from Asia.
Allaby's team took four core
samples of sediments
from a section of the site littered with burnt hazelnut shells apparently left by the hunter - gatherers and subjected the
samples to both radiocarbon dating and
ancient DNA analysis.
Three are present - day people
from Peru and Bolivia, whereas another
sample comes
from an individual
from the
ancient Wari Empire, which flourished
from 600 to 1000 C.E. and predated the Inca in Peru.
The team, which included other geochemists, palaeoecologists and geologists
from UCL and the universities of Edinburgh, Leeds and Cambridge, as well as the Geological Survey of Namibia, analysed the chemical elemental composition of rock
samples from the
ancient seafloor in the Nama Group - a group of extremely well - preserved rocks in Namibia that are abundant with fossils of early Cloudina, Namacalathus and Namapoikia animals.