Formed some 60 million years ago, these concretions conglomerated from
ancient seafloor sediments until shoreline erosion gradually unearthed them from the cliffs.
The team, which included other geochemists, palaeoecologists and geologists from UCL and the universities of Edinburgh, Leeds and Cambridge, as well as the Geological Survey of Namibia, analysed the chemical elemental composition of rock samples from
the ancient seafloor in the Nama Group - a group of extremely well - preserved rocks in Namibia that are abundant with fossils of early Cloudina, Namacalathus and Namapoikia animals.
Ancient seafloor diggers, like the extinct worm Ancalagon minor depicted here, may have altered planetary chemistry.
This event occurred roughly 382 million years ago when
the ancient seafloor was struck and a submarine crater was formed.
We've reached the end of our New Mexico road trip, and we have scoured the side of the road for long - dead sea creatures, found a shark tooth in
an ancient seafloor and tracked long - dead worms across fossilized mud.
The scientists estimated oxygen levels by analyzing iron found in shale rock, which was once mud on
ancient seafloors.
Not exact matches
This band of malleable ice (center) may have flowed upward between two
ancient terrains on Jupiter's moon Ganymede in a process similar to
seafloor spreading on Earth.
He also examined studies of
ancient sea levels and a detailed bathymetric map showing the depth of the
seafloor between the islands of Okinawa and Japan.
The giant Kidd Creek mine in Ontario, Canada, is an example; miners there descend through shafts more than a mile deep to extract copper, zinc, and silver from an
ancient chunk of
seafloor.
The shale, named for the town of Eagle Ford, TX, is a geologic remnant of the
ancient ocean that covered present day Texas millions of years ago, when the remains of sea life (especially
ancient plankton) died and deposited onto the
seafloor, were buried by several hundred feet of sediment, eventually turning into the rich source of hydrocarbons we have today.The shale was first tapped in 2008 and now has around 20 active fields good producing over 900 million cubic feet per day of natural gas.
At roughly the same time (and for eons thereafter), oxidized iron began to appear in
ancient soils and bands of iron were deposited on the
seafloor, a product of reactions with oxygen in the seawater.
The team also took core samples of mud from 1 to 2 meters below the
seafloor and analyzed
ancient pollen to determine the age of the samples.
Our goal was to fingerprint the source of methane in the Arctic Ocean to determine if
ancient methane was being liberated from the
seafloor and if it survives to be emitted to the atmosphere,» says Sparrow, who conducted the study, published in Science Advances, as part of her doctoral research at the University of Rochester.
«We do observe
ancient methane being emitted from the
seafloor to the overlying seawater, confirming past suspicions,» Kessler says.
Left behind by an
ancient ocean, salt deposits lie beneath the Gulf
seafloor and get pressed and squeezed and bulged by the heavy sediments laying on top of them.