Sentences with word «aneuploid»

Sheltzer will continue to explore the evolution of aneuploid cells, including the question of whether the rapid evolution seen in pre-malignant cells might account for their subsequent ability to resist chemotherapy.

However, telomerase, the enzyme, which can synthesize telomeres, may also support the survival of aneuploid cells by alleviating telomere induced stress signals in response to aneuploidy.

Examples of aneuploid embryos include trisomy 18 and trisomy 21, otherwise known as Down Syndrome.

Therefore, we determined whether aneuploid strains of Cryptococcus exhibit a similar phenotype.

Having an irregular number of chromosomes, almost by definition, leads to imbalances in the numbers of proteins expressed in aneuploid cells.

Wing primordia subjected to CIN are characterised by tumor - like overgrowths, metastatic behavior and malignancy to the host upon blockade of the apoptotic machinery, and this tumorigenic response relies mainly on the production of highly aneuploid cells that delaminate from the epithelium and activate a JNK - dependent transcriptional response.

Pre-malignant aneuploid cells grew more slowly and formed smaller tumors than comparable cells with normal chromosome number.»

In S. cerevisiae, strains aneuploid for different chromosomes all share several common phenotypes, including temperature sensitivity [8].

Scientists previously believed that eggs are more likely to be aneuploid with age because the «glue» that keeps the chromosomes together works poorly in older eggs.

Thus, under the stressful gauntlet of the host, several aneuploid progeny appeared as fit as the euploid parent whereas others were attenuated.

We're working to understand how aneuploidy impacts cancer progression, in hopes of developing therapies that can specifically eliminate aneuploid cancers while leaving normal cells unharmed.

By identifying phenotypes that are shared among tumors with different aneuploidies, we hope to discover pathways that can be manipulated to selectively eliminate aneuploid cells or to block aneuploidy's non-cell autonomous effects.

As such, an oocyte can divide its chromosomes and becomes aneuploid — a cell with fewer or more chromosomes than usual — quite easily, because the SAC isn't preventing the division.»

A few aneuploid embryos continue development and result in clinical problems.

In a retrospective analysis of clinical trial data, they found that melanoma patients with highly aneuploid tumors were less likely to benefit from immune checkpoint blockade therapy than patients whose tumors showed fewer chromosomal disruptions.

These so - called aneuploid eggs become increasingly prevalent as a woman ages.

In short, the suddenly awakened cells displayed massive genomic instability, quite beyond their simple aneuploid condition at the start of the experiments.

This raised an obvious question, however: why are human cancer cells overwhelmingly aneuploid?

This is what the team observed in some of their cultured aneuploid cells.

Moreover, it has been found that chromosomal duplication may confer a selective advantage to S. cerevisiae under stress conditions by promoting genomic instability and mutation, and although it is a transient solution, the short - lived aneuploid intermediate may also serve as a capacitator of evolution [13], [14].

Instead, aneuploid NSCs present an extended G1 phase, which leads to cell cycle exit and premature differentiation.

We have also identified a transcriptional signature of aneuploidy that is associated with cellular stress and slow proliferation, and is found in aneuploid primary and cancer cells across a host of organisms.

We demonstrated that aneuploidy can function as a novel source of genomic instability, as aneuploid cells tend to display elevated levels of mutation, mitotic recombination, and chromosome loss.

Thus, differences between aneuploid and euploid cells may represent crucial therapeutic vulnerabilities in cancer.

We are particularly interested in the mechanism of chromosome pairing and the quality control of the crossover formation process, and we aim to understand how the formation of gametes with abnormal / aneuploid genome is minimized in mammals.

The rate of aneuploid embryos resulting in miscarriage increases dramatically with maternal age such that 50 % or more of pregnancies after age 40 will miscarry.

By analyzing gene expression and measured traits in aneuploids and polyploids, and in their hybrids, he derived the Gene Balance Hypothesis, an encompassing concept that can explain hybrid vigor (heterosis), as well as evolutionary selection in polyploids and in duplicated genes.

Pre-malignant aneuploid cells grew more slowly and formed smaller tumors than comparable cells with normal chromosome number, CSHL researchers found...

Drugs that target these pathways may have broad utility against a wide range of aneuploid cancers, while exhibiting minimal toxicity in euploid tissue.

For example, Berman says, future treatments might combine antifungal drugs with compounds still to be developed that can hinder the formation of aneuploid cells.

Moreover, when the pre-malignant aneuploid cells were injected into rodents, they consistently formed smaller tumors than the pre-malignant cells with normal chromosome numbers.

PGS helps identify embryos that are chromosomally abnormal, or aneuploid.

On occasion, especially in older age groups, all embryos are aneuploid.

Miscarriage occurs in about a fourth of pregnancies — most of these are aneuploid.

In the embryology lab, at the earliest days of embryo development, most of these aneuploid embryos don't develop, and are never seen clinically.

Unfortunately somewhat more common is the opposite, all embryos aneuploid.

Half or more (sometimes all) embryos in a particular IVF treatment cycle are aneuploid, and while we can't prove this, we suspect that the majority of natural conceptions are affected by aneuploidy as well.

At age 42, 80 % of embryos are aneuploid.

The only way to tell if an embryo is aneuploid is to test.

It is difficult to predict for an individual how many of the embryos will be aneuploid.

In a woman under age 30, half of embryos are aneuploid.

Aneuploidy is quite common and, more often than not, CCS testing will show that an embryo is aneuploid.

An embryo that carries an abnormal number of chromosomes is «aneuploid».

«Our D7 embryos were also more likely to be aneuploid,» said Dr. Han.

The reparation of these DNA breakages, through a process called homologous recombination, allows homologous chromosomes to pair up and guarantee a balanced segregation during the meiotic division and thereby avoid the formation of gametes with an incorrect number of chromosomes which could result in chromosome disorders due to the presence of aneuploids (such as Down's Syndrome and other similar disorders), or in spontaneous abortions.

«We think this rapid evolution could allow the aneuploid cells to acquire some of the pro-cancer characteristics that might promote cancer development or cause a cancer in a person to proliferate,» Sheltzer says.

The accumulation of such problems over time, he says, may be triggering the inflection point in the aneuploid cells» growth that his team reports in the experiments published today.