Sentences with phrase «aneuploid nscs»

The F1 hybrid mice are typically mated to C57BL / 6J (Stock No. 000664) mice to produce the aneuploid embryos.

We are particularly interested in the mechanism of chromosome pairing and the quality control of the crossover formation process, and we aim to understand how the formation of gametes with abnormal / aneuploid genome is minimized in mammals.

Leishmania, a major protozoan parasite, is emerging as a new model for aneuploidy, since in vitro - cultivated strains are highly aneuploid, with interstrain diversity and intrastrain mosaicism.

Pre-malignant aneuploid cells grew more slowly and formed smaller tumors than comparable cells with normal chromosome number, CSHL researchers found...

By identifying phenotypes that are shared among tumors with different aneuploidies, we hope to discover pathways that can be manipulated to selectively eliminate aneuploid cells or to block aneuploidy's non-cell autonomous effects.

Cole Laboratory publishes new paper in Cell (10/19/2017)- Chromosome mis - segregation creates cells with the wrong number of chromosomes (aneuploid cells).

Thus, differences between aneuploid and euploid cells may represent crucial therapeutic vulnerabilities in cancer.

Using a series of genetically - matched euploid and aneuploid cell lines, we have demonstrated that aneuploidy can paradoxically function as a barrier to tumor growth.

Wing primordia subjected to CIN are characterised by tumor - like overgrowths, metastatic behavior and malignancy to the host upon blockade of the apoptotic machinery, and this tumorigenic response relies mainly on the production of highly aneuploid cells that delaminate from the epithelium and activate a JNK - dependent transcriptional response.

Moreover, many human tumors have highly abnormal numbers of chromosomes (that is, they are aneuploid), with initial chromosomal loss participating in the early steps of the transformation cascade in inherited cancers caused by heterozygous mutation in tumor suppressor genes and the more widespread aneuploidy characteristic of advance tumors thought to drive acquisition of malignant growth properties.??

We're working to understand how aneuploidy impacts cancer progression, in hopes of developing therapies that can specifically eliminate aneuploid cancers while leaving normal cells unharmed.

Drugs that target these pathways may have broad utility against a wide range of aneuploid cancers, while exhibiting minimal toxicity in euploid tissue.

We demonstrated that aneuploidy can function as a novel source of genomic instability, as aneuploid cells tend to display elevated levels of mutation, mitotic recombination, and chromosome loss.

We have also identified a transcriptional signature of aneuploidy that is associated with cellular stress and slow proliferation, and is found in aneuploid primary and cancer cells across a host of organisms.

Instead, aneuploid NSCs present an extended G1 phase, which leads to cell cycle exit and premature differentiation.

Such cells are described as «aneuploid.»

Mutations in a deubiquitinating enzyme of S. cerevisiae, which arose during the evolution of an aneuploid isolate, leads to improved proliferation of many aneuploid strains, likely by promoting degradation of aberrant proteins produced in perturbed stoichiometric ratios [11].

Phenotypic diversity is caused by this aneuploidy, as loss of the aneuploid chromosomes restored both euploidy and the wild - type parental phenotype.

Although this chromosomal assortment process is imprecise, it may be retained due to a selective pressure that favors aneuploid strains under certain environmental conditions, such as in patients receiving fluconazole, a situation in which an isochromosome 5 derivative that confers drug resistance often arises [15].

Among 11 strains that had the most overt phenotypic changes, four were aneuploid and no other aneuploids were detected in the larger progeny set (Figure 9A).

Heitman and his colleagues also used some of the aneuploid offspring to infect animal models and showed they could be just as virulent as the parent, suggesting how new properties (drug resistance) and old ones (virulence) could be combined.

Consistent with the observed consequences of aneuploidy in S. cerevisiae, all aneuploid C. neoformans strains in our study exhibited a TS phenotype (Figure 3A).

In contrast to the view that aneuploidy is deleterious, the aneuploid unisexually generated isolates MN35 (n +113) and MN55 (n +19) were as virulent as the euploid wild - type parent, despite their modest TS growth at 37 °C on YPD rich media in vitro (Figure 7).

In S. cerevisiae, strains aneuploid for different chromosomes all share several common phenotypes, including temperature sensitivity [8].

Mice were infected with the aneuploid strains via intranasal instillation and monitored for signs of pulmonary cryptococcosis or meningoencephalitis.

Thus, under the stressful gauntlet of the host, several aneuploid progeny appeared as fit as the euploid parent whereas others were attenuated.

Cells isolated from lungs of infected animals exhibited relatively stable aneuploid phenotypes and were found to retain their aneuploid chromosome in 70 — 80 % of isolates based on multiplex PCR [20 isolates were analyzed from each strain, 15 were aneuploid for MN35 (75 %), 16 for MN55 (80 %), 14 for MN77 (70 %), and 15 for MN89 (75 %)(Figure S9)-RSB-.

Two other aneuploid strains (MN77 and MN89) were both attenuated compared to wild - type and, interestingly, both are aneuploid for chromosome 10 (Figure 7).

Further CGH analysis showed that two of these strains were aneuploid (Figure 9B).

Telomeres respond to aneuploidy by generating stress signals that suppress the proliferation of aneuploid cells.

Having an irregular number of chromosomes, almost by definition, leads to imbalances in the numbers of proteins expressed in aneuploid cells.

Pre-malignant aneuploid cells grew more slowly and formed smaller tumors than comparable cells with normal chromosome number.»

«We noticed that the aneuploid cells would start out growing very poorly.

«We think this rapid evolution could allow the aneuploid cells to acquire some of the pro-cancer characteristics that might promote cancer development or cause a cancer in a person to proliferate,» Sheltzer says.

In short, the suddenly awakened cells displayed massive genomic instability, quite beyond their simple aneuploid condition at the start of the experiments.

These so - called aneuploid eggs become increasingly prevalent as a woman ages.

In a retrospective analysis of clinical trial data, they found that melanoma patients with highly aneuploid tumors were less likely to benefit from immune checkpoint blockade therapy than patients whose tumors showed fewer chromosomal disruptions.

«Our D7 embryos were also more likely to be aneuploid,» said Dr. Han.

The rate of aneuploid embryos resulting in miscarriage increases dramatically with maternal age such that 50 % or more of pregnancies after age 40 will miscarry.

An embryo that carries an abnormal number of chromosomes is «aneuploid».

In a woman under age 30, half of embryos are aneuploid.

A few aneuploid embryos continue development and result in clinical problems.

The only way to tell if an embryo is aneuploid is to test.

Half or more (sometimes all) embryos in a particular IVF treatment cycle are aneuploid, and while we can't prove this, we suspect that the majority of natural conceptions are affected by aneuploidy as well.

In the embryology lab, at the earliest days of embryo development, most of these aneuploid embryos don't develop, and are never seen clinically.

Miscarriage occurs in about a fourth of pregnancies — most of these are aneuploid.

Examples of aneuploid embryos include trisomy 18 and trisomy 21, otherwise known as Down Syndrome.

PGS helps identify embryos that are chromosomally abnormal, or aneuploid.

By analyzing gene expression and measured traits in aneuploids and polyploids, and in their hybrids, he derived the Gene Balance Hypothesis, an encompassing concept that can explain hybrid vigor (heterosis), as well as evolutionary selection in polyploids and in duplicated genes.