Mutations in a deubiquitinating enzyme of S. cerevisiae, which arose during the evolution of an aneuploid isolate, leads to improved proliferation of many
aneuploid strains, likely by promoting degradation of aberrant proteins produced in perturbed stoichiometric ratios [11].
Although this chromosomal assortment process is imprecise, it may be retained due to a selective pressure that favors
aneuploid strains under certain environmental conditions, such as in patients receiving fluconazole, a situation in which an isochromosome 5 derivative that confers drug resistance often arises [15].
Mice were infected with
the aneuploid strains via intranasal instillation and monitored for signs of pulmonary cryptococcosis or meningoencephalitis.
Two other
aneuploid strains (MN77 and MN89) were both attenuated compared to wild - type and, interestingly, both are aneuploid for chromosome 10 (Figure 7).
Not exact matches
Further CGH analysis showed that two of these
strains were
aneuploid (Figure 9B).
Cells isolated from lungs of infected animals exhibited relatively stable
aneuploid phenotypes and were found to retain their
aneuploid chromosome in 70 — 80 % of isolates based on multiplex PCR [20 isolates were analyzed from each
strain, 15 were
aneuploid for MN35 (75 %), 16 for MN55 (80 %), 14 for MN77 (70 %), and 15 for MN89 (75 %)(Figure S9)-RSB-.
In S. cerevisiae,
strains aneuploid for different chromosomes all share several common phenotypes, including temperature sensitivity [8].
Consistent with the observed consequences of aneuploidy in S. cerevisiae, all
aneuploid C. neoformans
strains in our study exhibited a TS phenotype (Figure 3A).
Among 11
strains that had the most overt phenotypic changes, four were
aneuploid and no other
aneuploids were detected in the larger progeny set (Figure 9A).
Leishmania, a major protozoan parasite, is emerging as a new model for aneuploidy, since in vitro - cultivated
strains are highly
aneuploid, with interstrain diversity and intrastrain mosaicism.