Similarly, Ninos et al. (1997) found no changes in EMG amplitude with knee flexion
angles during the squat, while changes in quadriceps EMG amplitude were noted.
Not exact matches
While low bar back
squats do target the lower body, the mechanics and joint
angles trained
during the low bar back
squat are significantly different than those needed when doing front
squats, cleans, and high bar back
squats.
Peak hip
angle is more acute
during the back
squat than the front
squat, Smith machine
squat or deadlift.
Comparing differences between legs
during the back
squat, Flanagan and Salem (2007) found that peak knee flexion
angles displayed bilateral differences, with the right side achieving a more acute
angle than the left side.
Intervention — any acute study assessing peak trunk
angles in the sagittal plane
during the
squat exercise
Swinton et al. (2012) found that peak trunk
angle was similar in the traditional and powerlifting
squat variations but was much less acute
during the box
squat.
Gutierrez and Bahamonde (2009) found that peak ankle
angle was more acute
during a free weight back
squat compared to a Smith machine
squat.
This section sets out a summary of the research that has explored the joint
angle movements
during the
squat exercise, using motion analysis software in either two dimensions (2D) or three dimensions (3D).
Comparing differences between legs
during the back
squat, Flanagan and Salem (2007) reported that peak hip
angles did not differ between legs and thus there were no bilateral differences.
Finally, Gutierrez and Bahamonde (2009) found that peak knee
angle was more acute
during a free weight back
squat compared to a Smith machine
squat.
Intervention — any acute study assessing peak ankle
angles in the sagittal plane
during the
squat exercise
Both Russell and Phillips (1989) and Diggin et al. (2011) reported that peak trunk
angle was more acute
during the back
squat than
during the front
squat (performed to a standardized depth).
Intervention — any acute study assessing peak hip
angles in the sagittal plane
during the
squat exercise
Comparing the back
squat with knee extensions, Signorile et al. (1994) found that muscle activity was greater
during back
squats than
during knee extensions but Andersen et al. (2006) found the opposite results and Escamilla et al. (1998) found that muscle activity differences depended upon knee
angle.
Changing the stance by altering step length or shank
angle during split
squats affects hip and knee moments.
This section sets out a summary of the research that has explored the net joint moments
during the split
squat exercise, using inverse dynamics calculations based on data from motion analysis of joint
angle movements and on ground reaction forces measured using a force plate.
Changing the stance by altering step length or shank
angle during split
squats affects hip, knee and ankle
angles.
Intervention — any acute study assessing peak knee
angles in the sagittal plane
during the split
squat exercise
This section sets out a summary of the research that has explored the joint
angle movements
during the split
squat exercise, using motion analysis software in either two dimensions (2D) or three dimensions (3D).
The peak trunk
angle during split
squats appears to be less acute than that
during standard back
squats.
Exploring the effect of step length and shank
angle during split
squats with the rear foot on the ground, Schütz et al. (2014) compared step lengths of 55 %, 70 %, and 85 % of leg length and tibia
angles of 60, 75, 90 (tibia perpendicular to the ground) and 105 degrees across both front and rear legs.
There are few changes in joint
angle movements
during the deadlift, lunge and
squat that could explain the changes in the pattern of net joint moments.
Peak trunk
angle during split
squats appears to be less acute than that
during standard back
squats.
This study shows that tibia
angle and step length are important variables to consider
during the split
squat.
Peak ankle
angle (at the bottom position) was more acute
during the deadlift than
during the
squat (suggesting that the shank was less vertical in the deadlift than in the
squat).
Peak knee joint
angle (at the bottom position) was more acute
during the
squat than
during the deadlift.