Sentences with phrase «animal or human studies»

Carman says GM foods have not been around long enough for anyone to know what health problems they may cause, no one is looking at health surveillance systems to see if GM foods are currently causing harm, and no real animal or human studies have been done on their long - term effects.

The ideal candidate will have a Ph.D. in Neuroscience, Biology, Psychology, Bioengineering, or other closely related field, and will have expertise in conducting electrophysiology experiments as well as analyzing electrophysiological signals from animal or human studies.

But it does not give anything like the same level of detailed information that can be achieved by painlessly inserting electrodes into brain tissue in animal or human studies.

Created when sap is boiled down into maple syrup, Quebecol is a novel phenolic compound that has yet to be tested for bioactivity in animal or human studies.

Not exact matches

«Love» exists and has been studied by scientists, but there is a huge difference between actually having a relationship with another human being, or even an animal that you can characterize as «loving» and thinking there is some all - powerful unseen being out there that loves you.

Although more and more human studies are being conducted to validate claims found in animals, many studies are with patients with a certain illness or condition (ex.

The FDA reviewed studies in human beings and animals and determined that sucralose does not cause reproductive or neurological risk to human beings.

It is expected that if an essential oil or constituent cause harm during animal studies, that the essential oil has a strong potential for causing harm to a human baby, too.

Journal Disclosures: Conflict of Interest Policy Informed Consent for Research Participation or Case Studies Statement of Human and Animal Rights

When relating the results of animal studies to human infants, important factors to consider include the choice of animal species for study, the stage of development (eg, prenatal or postnatal), and the duration and severity of deficiency or excessive intake.

Prosecuting would be a «difficult and unworkable task, as little or no evidence is available regarding [the substances»] pharmacological activities in vivo in humans and expert witnesses may be reluctant to extrapolate data from animal models, in silico or in vitro studies,» lecturer in criminal law Amber Marks told the committee.

A 2014 report to the UK Council for Science and Technology, for instance, concluded that «it is not appropriate to have a regulatory framework that is based on the premise that GM crops are more hazardous than crop varieties produced by conventional plant breeding», citing two decades of extensive studies that have not revealed significant risks to human, animal or environmental health.

In some cases outliers can be excluded for good reasons, such as animal or human volunteer had a certain underlying condition that interfered with your study.

The researchers caution that the booster therapy used in their new study will not be available on the market or even for use in human trials anytime soon; it must await years of animal testing for safety and effectiveness first.

No studies have indicated that animals or insects carry and spread human norovirus.

Evidence from animal and small - scale human studies suggests that pioglitazone may prevent or reverse Alzheimer's - related pathology and symptoms.

To find out what impact this might have on a flu epidemic, Earn and his colleagues turned to a 1982 study which showed that ferrets, a common animal model for human flu, produced more seasonal flu virus if their fevers were lowered either with painkillers or by having their fur shaved off.

If dozens of human and animal studies published over the past six years are borne out by large clinical trials, nicotine — freed at last of its noxious host, tobacco, and delivered instead by chewing gum or transdermal patch — may prove to be a weirdly, improbably effective drug for relieving or preventing a variety of neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Tourette's and schizophrenia.

Researchers who conduct animal studies often don't use simple safeguards against biases that have become standard in human clinical trials — or at least they don't report doing so in their scientific papers, making it impossible for readers to ascertain the quality of the work, an analysis of more than 2500 journal articles shows.

«Consumer insight, such as provided by this study, is important for a successful positioning and marketing of insects or insect protein in Western societies, either as a food for human consumption or as a protein source in animal feed.

The journal provides cutting - edge research including results from animal models that are likely to apply to patients, studies in human tissue that provide new information about therapies or disease, and innovative reports of drug discovery and development.

«Such biases, conscious or unconscious, can make candidate medical treatments look better than they actually are, the authors of the analysis warn, and lead to eye - catching results that can't be replicated in larger or more rigorous animal studies — or in human trials.»

«Most previous research into ways of delaying the onset of HD symptoms have focused on studying the mutant protein in cells or in animal models, but the relevance of abnormalities in those systems to what actually happens in patients remains a huge assumption,» says James Gusella, PhD, director of the Center for Human Genetic Research (CHGR) at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), corresponding author of the Cell paper.

The NRC panel, chaired by neurobiologist Charles Stevens of the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California, looked at more than 500 human, animal, and cellular studies on EMFs and found «no conclusive and consistent evidence... that exposures to residential electric and magnetic fields produce cancer, adverse neurobehavioral effects, or reproductive and developmental effects.

Previous animal and human studies had found that «giving glucosamine can impair insulin's action, which can potentially make [people] diabetic or worsen diabetes,» says Rajaram J. Karne, now of the Ohio State University Medical Center in Columbus.

In the past, nutritional scientists have largely relied on studies of animals, small groups of people, and / or petri - dish biochemistry that may not reflect the vagaries of human metabolism, although Willett uses such studies when he deems it appropriate.

However, Laksari and Kurt emphasize that their findings are predictions that need to be tested more extensively in the lab, either with animal brains or human brains that have been donated for scientific study.

Studies of IBD are typically performed using cell culture experiments or animal models, which don't mimic the precise conditions that occur in the gut of human patients.

Functional MR imaging taken while the animals received either a juice reward or VTA stimulation revealed that both induced activation of brain regions that previous studies in humans and other primates have associated with reward signaling by means of the neurotransmitter dopamine.

While previous investigations into the protein's effects have used either mice in which gene expression was knocked out or transgenic animals that expressed human gene variants throughout their lifetimes, the MGH - MIND - led study used a different approach to investigate the effects of introducing the variant forms of the protein into brains in which plaque formation had already begun.

For the animal study, the researchers separated 52 mice with colon cancer tumors into three groups, including a control group and groups that were fed either the grape compounds or sulindac, an anti-inflammatory drug, which was chosen because a previous study showed it significantly reduced the number of tumors in humans.

«Recent theories have suggested that humans» fluency in relational learning — our ability to make comparisons between objects, events or ideas — may be the key difference in mental ability between us and other animals,» said Dedre Gentner, professor of psychology in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences at Northwestern and a senior author of the study.

It's not a question most of us would think to ask, but a new study has given us the answer: It looks like nothing humans (or any other animals) have ever seen.

All of the study patients received biological valves, developed from animal or donated human tissue.

«Unlike humans, animals do not have the cultural, psychological or psychosocial risk factors for binge eating, so they are simpler to study.

Those tests will answer basic questions about changes in cells and genes; they are not the elaborate, years - long studies exposing lab animals or examining humans that can answer most important health questions.

«It's tough to have a smoking gun with a single animal study or observational human study,» Meeker said.

Just as humans can follow complex social situations in deciding who to befriend or to abandon, it turns out that animals use the same level of sophistication in judging social configurations, according to a new study that advances our understanding of the structure of animal social networks.

Using a combination of human or specially engineered mouse cells in vitro and in vivo animal models, study senior investigator Judy Lieberman, MD, PhD; study lead investigator Farokh Dotiwala, PhD, with a team lead by the Brazilian parasitologist Ricardo Gazzinelli, DSc, DVM, found that when an immune killer cell, such as a T - cell or natural killer (NK) cell, encounters a cell infected with any of three intracellular parasites (Trypanosoma cruzi, Toxoplasma gondii or Leishmania major), it releases three proteins that together kill both the parasite and the infected cell:

Humans are powerful agents of evolutionary change: Wild animals and plants that are hunted or harvested evolve three times as quickly as they would naturally, according to a study from the University of California at Santa Cruz.

Scientists said the platform is part of LLNL's broader vision for countering emerging and existing threats, allows them to study the networks formed among various regions of the brain, and obtain timely, human - relevant data without animal or human testing.

Aside from humans, no other animal that has been studied, not even monkeys or apes, has proved to use such hemispheric specialization for sound processing — meaning that the left brain is better at processing fast sounds, and the right processing slow ones.

Previous studies on animals and humans have shown that the ion can be retained in bone and tissue for several days or longer after administration.

We have known about this human and animal pathogen, TB, since ancient times, and it has always been considered something that is transmitted either through oral or aerosol exposure,» said lead study author Kathleen Alexander, DVM, PhD, professor, Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia.

While the personnel in Carpenter's study all defined a robot as a mechanical tool, they also often anthropomorphized them, assigning robots human or animal - like attributes, including gender, and displayed a kind of empathy toward the machines.

More recent studies, however, have found evidence of speedy evolutionary change in animals — as well as hundreds of changes in the human genome that appeared within tens of thousands, rather than over hundreds of thousands or even millions of years.

Future studies should investigate whether, or how, the genetic alterations that lead to this ASD animal model change the serotonin system, with the aim to provide possible insight into serotonergic deficits in human patients, the authors say.

Animals that live with people or who are habituated to them through captivity may copy elements of human speech in order to strengthen social bonds, Angela Stoeger - Horwath, a bioacoustician at the University of Vienna and co-author of the elephant study, previously told Live Science.

«We are exploring alternative directions for developing this compound, including potential use of the animal efficacy rule,» Cihlar said, referring to a regulatory mechanism under which the U.S. Food and Drug Administration may consider efficacy findings from adequate and well - controlled animal studies of a drug in cases where it is not feasible or ethical to conduct human trials.

The immunological benefits from the wild mice's gut bacteria may, in part, explain a persistent problem in disease research: Why disease experiments in lab mice, such as vaccine studies, turn out very differently in humans or other animals.