The study, under review at the journal mBio and released today on the preprint server bioRxiv, answers one of the many remaining questions about the Soviet Union's clandestine biowarfare program by showing that scientists hadn't tinkered with
the anthrax strain to make it more resistant to antibiotics or vaccines.
Not exact matches
To be identified as Ames in the studies currently underway, the
anthrax must either be the American military
strain or one that's very similar.
This can help pinpoint the exact
strain the unknown
anthrax came from.
Ames is more likely than other
strains of
anthrax to cause disease in animals immunised with the standard US
anthrax vaccine, which is now being given to US troops.
But neither the
strain nor the physical form of the
anthrax is particularly sophisticated, say bioweapons specialists.
In this collection, the standard Ames
strain is the one the US used when it produced
anthrax weapons, a programme which ended in 1969.
The scientists analysing the
anthrax are comparing its DNA with a library of
strains collected from all over the world.
Last week, Tom Ridge, President Bush's Homeland Security adviser, stated that the
anthrax sent to Florida, NBC and Senator Tom Daschle were all the same
strain.
They also discovered that the Taï
strain has acquired two plasmids, or circles of DNA, possibly from B. anthracis, encoding most of the genes that make
anthrax a formidable killer.
No one knows what the Russians are working on now, nor what became of the former weapons
strains of smallpox,
anthrax, and plague.
Contrary to common practice, however, Ivins dumped material from 35 different
anthrax cultures into a single flask, thus mixing a number of mutant
strains.
Related sites Timothy Read's home page ScienceNOW story about TIGR's plan to sequence additional
strains of
anthrax Anthrax information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The category would include
anthrax, Ebola, Variola major and Variola minor (the two viruses that cause small pox), the Marburg virus, the virus that causes foot and mouth disease, and bacterial
strains that produce the botulinum neurotoxin.
In a 1998 Nature paper, they declared that they had revived the
anthrax bacterial
strain that had spent 8 decades as spores.
Gregory Koblentz, deputy director of the biodefense program at George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, speculates that the FBI may have used a recent technique based on the identification of Single - Nucleotide Repeat markers in the
anthrax genome that allows for differentiating between variants of the same
strain.
The unpublished data of biologist Katrina Stone may hold the key to harnessing the lethal bacterium — and to its creation within the desperate world from which biotechnology is born... A fast - paced science and medical thriller, The Death Row Complex introduces a fictitious but all - too - plausible
strain of
anthrax and the desperate society of bioengineers that created it.
When a genetically engineered
strain of
anthrax with exceptional potency is released at San Quentin State Prison, Stone quickly becomes both the prime suspect in the terror attack and the FBI's best hope for stopping an imminent national catastrophe.
Trauma surgeon Grace Samuels is deployed to Afghanistan, helping soldiers overcome disease and combat injuries... But a deadly outbreak of
anthrax is killing the people she cares most about Deadly
Strain (Biological Response Team) by Julie Rowe