Sentences with phrase «anthropogenic emission sources»

Not exact matches

Aerosols are solid or liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere, consisting of (in rough order of abundance): sea salt, mineral dust, inorganic salts such as ammonium sulfate (which has natural as well as anthropogenic sources from e.g. coal burning), and carbonaceous aerosol such as soot, plant emissions, and incompletely combusted fossil fuel.

Also do not forget that at some point natural sources of carbon may overtake anthropogenic emissions, and then the point is moot.

Since the 1990s the major source regions of anthropogenic emissions — that react in the atmosphere to produce ozone — have shifted from North America and Europe to Asia (Granier et al., 2011; Cooper et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2016).

2011) of the present atmospheric methane burden by 2100, or a 50 % increase fifty years primarily due to increase emissions from marshlands and conventional anthropogenic sources.

The hot spot in Sicily is the active volcano Mt Etna — volcanoes are probably the second largest source of SO2 after anthropogenic emissions.

The carbon atoms eventually return to the system in the form of volcanism, which as you point out, is a small fraction of anthropogenic emissions on an annual basis but the only major source by which carbon is added to the climate system.

-- Upper - tropospheric moistening in response to anthropogenic warming — Increases in greenhouse forcing inferred from the outgoing longwave radiation spectra of the Earth in 1970 and 1997 — On the Atmospheric Residence Time of Anthropogenically Sourced Carbon Dioxide — Deep Carbon Emissions from Volcanoes «it is clear that these natural emissions were recently dwarfed by anthropogenic emissioEmissions from Volcanoes «it is clear that these natural emissions were recently dwarfed by anthropogenic emissioemissions were recently dwarfed by anthropogenic emissionsemissions»

Mr. Gates may be absolutely correct that when the arctic is warmed there results some (serious) additional warming: however, if that warming is not caused overwhelmingly by anthropogenic sources, then — at the very least — we can halt the alarmist cry over CO2 emissions and start the important work of science.

But you assert: «as long as the increase in the atmosphere is only halve the emissions, there can't be any other (net) source, as nature as a whole acts as a sink «And it is important to note that in this assertion, when you say «the emissions» you mean «only the anthropogenic emissions».

You don't offer any such citations either, just an argument that C13 and C14 measurements wouldn't be sufficient to reject the null that «Anthropogenic emissions are not the primary source -LSB-...]».

Increases in the rate of anthropogenic emissions of CO2 do not keep pace with the rate of increases in atmospheric CO2, because the CO2 from anthropogenic sources are negligible enough to be on the limits of detectable measurement.

For the scenario representative of the years 2011 — 2013, the boundary conditions include anthropogenic sources of SO2 generated from Asia that are transported across the Pacific Ocean, emissions from ships in shipping lanes, along with sources from other states surrounding the SoCAB.

Scientists found that emissions of tiny air particles from human - made sources — known as anthropogenic aerosols — were the cause.

Regarding all the other sources of CO2, it is very true that anthropogenic emission are very much smaller than natural emissions, but natural emissions are well balanced by natural sinks.

Following these informal discussions, delegates agreed on text stating that limiting the warming caused by anthropogenic CO2 emissions alone with a probability range of greater than 33 %, 50 %, and 66 %, to less than 2ºC since the period 1861 - 1880, will require cumulative CO2 emissions from all anthropogenic sources to stay between 0 and about 1560 GtC, 0 and about 1210 GtC, and 0 and about 1000 GtC.

Many commentators and policymakers have also argued that so - called «negative emissions technologies,» such as BECCS, will be critical to meet the Paris Agreement's objectives to «achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century.»

Air capture for negative net CO2 emissions would follow the decarbonization of our electricity system and other large anthropogenic point sources and assumes abundant and inexpensive non-carbon energy sources.

Regarding text on CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production in 2011, and anthropogenic net CO2 emissions from land - use change throughout the past decade, Saudi Arabia proposed also discussing other gases, sectors and sources, and addressing confidence levels and representative timeframes.

This technical document provides supplementary methods and good practice guidance for estimating anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks resulting from land use, land - use change and forestry (LULUCF) activities under Article 3, paragraphs 3 and 4, of the Kyoto Protocol for the second commitment period.

Climate scientists are not only speaking to the public about the science of climate change, but also are calling for policies designed to reduce use of fossil fuel, the primary anthropogenic source of greenhouse gas emissions.»

It called on the UNFCCC to use the most recent IPCC guidance and guidelines as a basis for estimating anthropogenic forest - related greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks, forest carbon stocks and forest area changes.

Estimates for Article 3, paragraphs 3 and 4, shall be clearly distinguished from anthropogenic emissions from the sources listed in Annex A to the Kyoto Protocol.

Is the argument that CO2 levels relate to temperature, and in fact if there were no human emissions then the «environment» would not be a sink and in fact would be a source... as the atmospheric concs are driven by temps and it is just a coincidence that the anthropogenic emissions are greater than the increase in atmospheric concentrations?

Also note that human induced warming probably will trigger natural C02 / methane emissions leading to further warming so anthropogenic source will probably play a decreasing role in the amount of C02 in the atmosphere as the planet moves to a new equilibrium point.

Reporting of LULUCF activities under the Kyoto Protocol refers to providing information, including estimates of the changes in carbon stocks and anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks from land use, land - use change and forestry activities, on:

I think that even laymen can be made understand the natural law, according to which both all the CO2 sources and all the CO2 sinks together control the CO2 content in the atmosphere, and that the share of the anthropogenic CO2 emissions in the atmospheric CO2 content depends on how the quantity of anthropogenic CO2 emissions is in the proportion to the total CO2 emissions.

Given the annual emissions from all anthropogenic sources are approximately 40GtCO2, this means that the 4 years gap has a significant impact of reducing any forward - looking carbon budget by 160GtCO2.

This presupposes that all of the atmospheric CO2 increase is of anthropogenic origin without regard to increases from non-anthropogenic sources such as changes in phytoplankton, volcanic eruptions, breakdown of methane emissions, deep ocean turnover, etc..

For the first commitment period decision 15 / CMP.1 Guidelines for the preparation of the information required under Article 7 of the Kyoto Protocol stipulates that each Party included in Annex I shall include in its annual greenhouse gas inventory information on anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks from land use, land - use change and forestry activities under Article 3, paragraph 3, and, if any, elected activities under Article 3, paragraph 4, in accordance with Article 5, paragraph 2, as elaborated by any good practice guidance in accordance with relevant decisions of the COP / MOP on land use, land - use change and forestry.

Real Climate defines «aerosols» as ``... solid or liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere, consisting of (in rough order of abundance): sea salt, mineral dust, inorganic salts such as ammonium sulfate (which has natural as well as anthropogenic sources from e.g. coal burning), and carbonaceous aerosol such as soot, plant emissions, and incompletely combusted fossil fuel.»

5) The project boundary shall encompass all anthropogenic emissions by sources of GHG's.

The near - linear rate of anthropogenic warming (predominantly from anthropogenic greenhouse gases) is shown in sources such as: «Deducing Multidecadal Anthropogenic Global Warming Trends Using Multiple Regression Analysis» «The global warming hiatus — a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation» «The Origin and Limits of the Near Proportionality between Climate Warming and Cumulative CO2 Emissions» «Sensitivity of climate to cumulative carbon emissions due to compensation of ocean heat and carbon uptake» «Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause» «Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean anthropogenic warming (predominantly from anthropogenic greenhouse gases) is shown in sources such as: «Deducing Multidecadal Anthropogenic Global Warming Trends Using Multiple Regression Analysis» «The global warming hiatus — a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation» «The Origin and Limits of the Near Proportionality between Climate Warming and Cumulative CO2 Emissions» «Sensitivity of climate to cumulative carbon emissions due to compensation of ocean heat and carbon uptake» «Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause» «Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean anthropogenic greenhouse gases) is shown in sources such as: «Deducing Multidecadal Anthropogenic Global Warming Trends Using Multiple Regression Analysis» «The global warming hiatus — a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation» «The Origin and Limits of the Near Proportionality between Climate Warming and Cumulative CO2 Emissions» «Sensitivity of climate to cumulative carbon emissions due to compensation of ocean heat and carbon uptake» «Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause» «Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean Anthropogenic Global Warming Trends Using Multiple Regression Analysis» «The global warming hiatus — a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation» «The Origin and Limits of the Near Proportionality between Climate Warming and Cumulative CO2 Emissions» «Sensitivity of climate to cumulative carbon emissions due to compensation of ocean heat and carbon uptake» «Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause» «Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean mixiEmissions» «Sensitivity of climate to cumulative carbon emissions due to compensation of ocean heat and carbon uptake» «Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause» «Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean mixiemissions due to compensation of ocean heat and carbon uptake» «Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause» «Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean mixiemissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean mixiemissions to ocean mixing»

At a press conference in the Vatican Wednesday, Sánchez expressed his sanguine view that «the world now has within reach the scientific knowledge, technological tools and financial means to reverse anthropogenic climate change, while ending extreme poverty at the same time through solutions that include renewable and low carbon emission energy sources.»

It states that to stand a good chance (a probability of 66 percent or more) of limiting warming to less than 2 °C since the mid-19th century will require cumulative CO2 emissions from all anthropogenic sources to stay under 800 gigatons of carbon.

The strength of secondary OA sources that are enhanced by interactions of natural and anthropogenic emissions remains an open question that can not be answered by a simple parameterization.

The text states that to achieve the temperature goal: «Parties aim to reach global peaking of greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible, recognizing that peaking will take longer for developing country Parties, and to undertake rapid reductions thereafter in accordance with best available science, so as to achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century».

Net - zero emissions will require carbon capture and storage (CCS) for all fossil fuels and other technologies (e.g., biomass with CCS or direct air capture) for residual emissions from fossil fuel extraction and from other anthropogenic sources such as agriculture.

Methane is an important part of the anthropogenic radiative forcing Methane emissions have a direct GHG effect, and they effect atmospheric chemistry and stratospheric water vapour which have additional impacts natural feedbacks involving methane likely to be important in future — via wetland response to temperature / rain change, atmospheric chemistry and, yes, arctic sources There are large stores of carbon in the Arctic, some stored as hydrates, some potentially convertible to CH4 by anaerobic resporation [from wikianswers: Without oxygen.

To put the necessary cap on total cumulative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, leaders also agreed on net - zero emissions; that is, there must be «a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century».1

Policymakers can not be allowed to hide behind the vague language of the Paris Agreement («achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases»).

(b) «Formulate, implement, publish and regularly update national and, where appropriate, regional programmes containing measures to mitigate climate change by addressing anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, and measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change;» (c) «Promote and cooperate in the development, application and diffusion, including transfer, of technologies, practices and processes that control, reduce or prevent anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases...»

I understood Selby to say that natural sources and sinks are much larger, vary much more, and have much higher uncertainties than anthropogenic emissions.

If the environment were a net carbon source, the annual rise in atmospheric CO2 would be greater than anthropogenic emissions, not less.

This is but one of several possible scenarios whereby there is no change to sources and sinks and the increase to atmospheric CO2 being entirely natural and with the anthropogenic emission being irrelevant.

However, I understood Selby to examine the natural sources and sinks and rate of change of CO2 and show that they were much larger then anthropogenic emissions.

O.K. in that case, if you think the natural environment is a net source, then explain why the observed rise is less than anthropogenic emissions.

Limiting the warming caused by anthropogenic CO2 emissions alone with a probability of > 33 %, > 50 %, and > 66 % to less than 2 °C since the period 1861 — 1880, will require cumulative CO2 emissions from all anthropogenic sources to stay between 0 and about 1570 GtC (5760 GtCO2), 0 and about 1210 GtC (4440 GtCO2), and 0 and about 1000 GtC (3670 GtCO2) since that period, respectively.

where Ea represents annual carbon emissions from anthropogenic sources (fossil fuel use and land use change), En represents the carbon emissions from all natural sources (the oceans, soil respiration, volcanos etc.) and Un represent the uptake of carbon by all natural carbon sinks (oceans, photosynthesis, etc.).

Welcomes the agreement achieved by the Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol on its work pursuant to decisions 1 / CMP.1, 1 / CMP.5 and 1 / CMP.6 in the areas of land use, land - use change and forestry (decision - / CMP.7), emissions trading and the project - based mechanisms (decision - / CMP.7), greenhouse gases, sectors and source categories, common metrics to calculate the carbon dioxide equivalence of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks, and other methodological issues (decision - / CMP.7) and the consideration of information on potential environmental, economic and social consequences, including spillover effects, of tools, policies, measures and methodologies available to Annex I Parties (decision - / CMP.7);

Ironically, the first 11 minutes of the talk provide all the components required to show beyond reasonable doubt that anthropogenic emissions are responsible for 100 % of the observed increase in atmospheric CO2 and that natural sources do not play a major role.