The strength of secondary OA sources that are enhanced by interactions of natural and
anthropogenic emissions remains an open question that can not be answered by a simple parameterization.
Not exact matches
The precise magnitude of the
anthropogenic contribution
remains uncertain, but in nine out of ten cases our model results indicate that twentieth - century
anthropogenic greenhouse gas
emissions increased the risk of floods occurring in England and Wales in autumn 2000 by more than 20 %, and in two out of three cases by more than 90 %.
.40 % of total
anthropogenic emissions have
remained in the atmosphere.
If the
anthropogenic forcing wouldn't keep increasing anymore (because we would manage to suddenly reduce CO2
emission to a level that merely compensates upkeep by sinks, somehow, and the atmospheric concentration would
remain constant) then surface temperature would slowly rise until the TOA balance is restored (and then rise some more as slow feedbacks kick in).
The AF is defined as the fraction of
anthropogenic carbon
emissions which
remain in the atmosphere after natural processes have absorbed some of them;
Agriculture and land ‐ use change, mainly deforestation of tropical forests, contribute greatly to
anthropogenic greenhouse gas
emissions and are expected to
remain important during the 21st century.
Simulations with natural forcings only suggest that atmospheric CO2 would have
remained around the preindustrial concentration of 280 ppm without
anthropogenic emissions.
If, as usually postulated, a fixed fraction (ca. 50 %) of
anthropogenic CO2
remains in the atmosphere, a linear trend is generated ONLY WHEN THE YEARLY CO2
EMISSION IS CONSTANT THROUGHOUT.
From the formula, we can see that the carbon footprint area is essentially calculated by dividing total
anthropogenic carbon
emissions remaining after accounting for ocean uptake (i.e., 72 % of net human
emissions) by the rate at which existing forests sequester carbon.
• Climate change alone will tend to suppress both land and ocean carbon uptake, increasing the fraction of
anthropogenic CO2
emissions that
remain airborne and producing a positive feedback to climate change.
We have found evidence that a reduction in the ocean's capacity to absorb
anthropogenic CO2 is ominous; a larger fraction of
anthropogenic emissions will
remain in the atmosphere, exacerbating the global warming due to industrial activity.