Sentences with phrase «antigens into»

It helps to group antigens into three categories and to realize that your pet can be allergic to materials from more than one category:

Leaky gut allows undigested foods, bacteria, yeast, and other antigens into the bloodstream, triggering inflammation, Hashimoto's hypothyroidism, and chronic disease.

Scientific theories consider that the entrance of food antigens into the systemic body through the tight junctions may cause an auto - immune reaction against the beta cells in the pancreas.

Recent studies show that this property can be exploited for the delivery of fused antigens into the major histocompatibility complex class I - restricted presentation pathway, with the goal of eliciting a specific immune response.

vector - a bacterium or virus that does not cause disease in humans and is used in genetically engineered vaccines to transport genes coding for antigens into the body to induce an immune response.

By injecting cowpox antigens into his patients» bloodstream, for instance, Jenner primed their immune systems to attack the similar smallpox virus.

Immature dendritic cells (DCs) sequester intact antigens in lysosomes, processing and converting antigens into peptide — MHC II complexes upon induction of DC maturation.

We will perform intraperitoneal injections of antigen into mice to elicit an immune response for the production of monoclonal antiodies.

These signs may appear as early as 80 to 90 days after infection, a full 3 months before adult female heartworms would begin to release antigen into the bloodstream.

inoculation the introduction of a pathogen or antigen into a living organism to stimulate the production of antibodies

Not exact matches

Those two companies, along with their larger competitor Novartis (nvs), are developing experimental chimeric antigen receptor T - cell (CAR - T) technology platforms, which are highly personalized treatments that involve extracting patients» immune cells, re-engineering them to target their specific cancers, and then pumping these sniper - cells back into the body.

Bellicum is among the flurry of biotechs investing heavily into cell therapies such as experimental chimeric antigen receptor T - cell (CAR - T) treatments for cancer (this is the next - gen treatment that involves reprogramming immune cells to become cancer killers and has shown promise in blood cancers, which Bellicum specializes in).

No. 4: CAR - T takes a backseat Research into chimeric antigen receptor T - cell (CAR - T) therapy has captured the attention of investors over the past two years, but safety risks could emerge as trial sizes increase, and that could help shift attention to other promising anti-cancer approaches, including NantKwest's (NASDAQ: NK) natural killer cell approach and soon - to - IPO Editas» CRISPR / Cas approach.

To investigate immune responses, the researchers injected an antigen — a derivative of a pathogen that creates an immune response without inducing illness — into the skin of 175 participants (78 were over 65 years old and the rest were under 40).

The findings inject hard facts into a debate that has long divided the medical community, with many radiation oncologists preferring adjuvant therapy — radiation given soon after prostate removal to kill off any remaining cancer cells — and many urologists preferring salvage therapy — radiation given later, when prostate - specific antigen tests suggest it's needed.

Influenza viruses belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family and are divided into A, B and C types based on their antigen (antibody - producing) protein type.

A group of researchers at Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University and RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences jointly clarified the mechanism for inducing germinal - center B cells» differentiation into memory B cells, immune cells that remember antigens, at the molecular level.

This is because memory B cells, which remember antigens in the primary immune response, are induced and respond faster in the secondary exposure to bacteria or viruses and differentiate into antibody - producing cells.

Different T cells are geared to respond to different antigens, and before a T cell can go into action it must encounter its specific antigen in the grip of a Class II MHC molecule.

«The antigens must get far enough into the cell for them to be processed, but must also return — as antigen fragments — to the surface.»

These cells pick up antigens from tumour cells and «introduce» them to T cells in the lymph nodes, spurring them into action against the tumour.

By better understanding how antigen presentation is translated into long - term immunity, immunologists can inform the design of simpler vaccines.

The central idea is to encode an antigen as RNA and inject that into the skin of the patient, whose own cells then produce the protein that triggers an immune response, either to kill tumor cells or to prevent an infection.

During this critical period of interaction, lymphoid cells become «activated» and thereafter can develop into antibody - producing cells independently of native antigen, macrophages, and cell clusters.

Twenty - two patients with elevated prostate - specific antigen and biopsy - proven prostate carcinoma who underwent MRI of the prostate at 1.5 T with endorectal coil were divided into two groups: those who were treated with androgen deprivation, radiation therapy, or both, and a Gleason - matched control group who had not received such therapy.

Areas covered range from basic studies into the biology of innate and adaptive immunity (immune cell development and differentiation, immunogenomics, systems immunology, structural immunology, antigen presentation, immunometabolism, and mucosal immunology) to immune contributions to health and disease (host defense, inflammation, cancer immunology, autoimmunity, allergy, transplantation, and immunodeficiency).

«So we hoped that by injecting antibodies hitched to isotopes into the blood that they'd be carried deep into the tumor mass and would latch onto these now - exposed antigens.

After being infused back into patients» bodies, these newly built cells both multiply and seek out a peptide expressed by the antigens NY - ESO - 1 and LAGE - 1 found in multiple myeloma cancer cells.

Antibodies are immune proteins with binding sites that can fit like puzzle pieces into corresponding sites on foreign viral or bacterial antigens and disable them (triggering other immune responses).

«This is an early stage trial, but we are encouraged by the fact that the cells got into the brain, proliferated, and reduced the level of antigen with very little toxicity to the patients,» O'Rourke said.

Influenza viruses are divided into three categories: A, B and C, depending on their antigen protein type.

The scientists ground the leaves and separated out the antigen, which they then injected into volunteers.

While the 3D injectable scaffold is being tested in mice as a potential cancer vaccine, any combination of different antigens and drugs could be loaded into the scaffold, meaning it could also be used to treat infectious diseases that may be resistant to conventional treatments.

Supported by comparative control testing, in which the researchers induced inflammation using very similar antigens not matching the specific T - cell, they were able to prove that T - cells only migrate into tissue inflamed by their specific antigen.

Environmental and genetic signals cue cells as they differentiate into the many lineages that recognize foreign antigens and fight off invaders

Professor David Wraith, who led the research, said: «Insight into the molecular basis of antigen - specific immunotherapy opens up exciting new opportunities to enhance the selectivity of the approach while providing valuable markers with which to measure effective treatment.

After the artificial node had filled with antigen - specific T and B cells, Watanabe transplanted it into a mouse with no functioning immune system.

The entire package — a collagen sponge about 3 to 4 millimetres across — was then implanted into mice with healthy immune systems that had been vaccinated against a harmless antigen (something that triggers an immune response).

When an individual B cell recognizes a specific pathogen - derived «antigen» molecule, it can proliferate and develop into plasma cells that secrete large amounts of antibody capable of binding to the antigen and fending off the infection.

With this technique, CpG oligonucleotides are only internalized into B cells that recognize the specific antigen, and these cells are therefore the only ones in which TLR9 is activated to induce their proliferation and development into antibody - secreting plasma cells.

However, in addition to encountering a specific antigen, B cells need a second signal to start proliferating and developing into plasma cells.

Cloning of the gene coding for a shared human melanoma antigen recognized by autologous T cells infiltrating into tumor.

Depletion of neutrophils blocks the recruitment of antigen non-specific cells into the liver without affecting the antiviral activity of hepatitis B virus - specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

The HZI will develop a vaccination protocol for mucosal administration based on three novel strategies: (i) development and optimization of a vaccination protocol in which parenterally - primed T and B cells are subsequently pulled into the mucosa by the local delivery of the cognate antigen to the requested effector site, (ii) testing the co-administration of antigens with novel mucosal adjuvants using different mucosal immunisation routes and schedules, and (iii) testing various nanoparticles co-administered with different immunomodulators for their ability to generate both systemic and mucosal immune responses following transcutaneous / trans - follicular vaccination.

We suggest three novel strategies: (i) Develop and optimise a prime - pull protocol in which parenterally - primed T and B cells are subsequently pulled into the mucosa by the local delivery of the cognate antigen to the requested effector site.

To gain insights into the structure and function of CD1 molecules, the researchers applied two novel refolding protocols and were able to solve the crystal structure of CD1b molecules with distinct lipid antigens [i] and CD1d molecules loaded with the NKT cell agonist alphaGalactosylCeramide.

We have also have adopted a number of lines of study into the regulation of cytokine production and effector cell responses such, as cytotoxicity, in the response of Vα14 iNKT cells to glycolipid antigens or IL - 12 from activated DCs.

MMPs are required for the recruitment of antigen - nonspecific mononuclear cells into the liver by CTLs.

Depletion of neutrophils blocks the recruitment of antigen - nonspecific cells into the liver without affecting the antiviral activity of hepatitis B virus - specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

293T is a highly transfectable derivative of the 293 cell line into which the temperature sensitive gene for SV40 T - antigen was inserted.