* ``... When comparing dry food only and non-dry food only fed dogs... there is no pattern to the trends (some teeth show
an apparent protective effect from feeding dry food only, and others show the opposite — for calculus index, the trend is protective for all five teeth in dogs feed dry food only, whereas for gingival index it is the opposite, and it is mixed for attachment loss).
Incomplete PD case ascertainment among heavy coffee drinkers could also lead to
an apparent protective effect of coffee drinking if heavy coffee intake were associated with not participating in follow - up examinations.
To study
its apparent protective effect, a mouse model of the multiple sclerosis - like disease, EAE, which was also homozygous for the TYK2 mutation, led to complete protection against the autoimmune disease.
Not exact matches
Two later studies not included in these meta - analyses reported equivalent or even larger
protective associations.265, 266 The mechanism for this
apparent strong
protective effect is still unclear, but lowered arousal thresholds, favorable modification of autonomic control during sleep, and maintaining airway patency during sleep have been proposed.247, 267, — , 270 It is common for the pacifier to fall from the mouth soon after the infant falls asleep; even so, the
protective effect persists throughout that sleep period.247, 271 Two studies have shown that pacifier use is most
protective when used for all sleep periods.169, 266 However, these studies also showed increased risk of SIDS when the pacifier was usually used but not used the last time the infant was placed for sleep; the significance of these findings is yet unclear.
Although the reason for this
apparent «
protective effect» remains unknown, Faraone (who was involved in both of the studies) says the symptoms of ADHD seem to play a role.