And even when, in
an appearance after the resurrection, he is represented by the author of the Acts of the Apostles as having referred to the outside world, it was as a provincial might, dividing the world into the immediate environs and everything that was elsewhere: «Ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria — and unto the uttermost part of the earth» (Acts 1:8).
Not exact matches
If anything, the Gospels suggest that Jesus is hard to recognize, and may even take on different
appearances, especially
after the
resurrection.
It is interesting that Paul counts his vision on the Damascus road as an
appearance of the Risen Lord, as this seems to conflict with the Acts of the Apostles which implies that the
resurrection appearances came to an end
after forty days (Acts 1:3).
It looks much more as though these texts caught the eye, and were regarded as prophetic, only because it was already known, on the testimony of witnesses of the
Resurrection appearances, that Jesus was actually encountered as the living Lord on the third day
after his death.
The tomb where the disciples had laid the Lord's body found empty, along with the reports of His
appearances after His burial, especially at His ascension, are eyewitness accounts and actual evidence for His
resurrection given by His devout followers.
This is at the end the credal statement listing the
appearances of Jesus»
resurrection, a credal statement that agnostic New Testament critic Bart Ehrman traces to 1 year
after the cross.
These properties can be glimpsed from the Gospel accounts of the
appearances to the disciples
after the
Resurrection.
But when I looked at the Gospel for the day (John 20:19 - 31), it became very clear to me that here is a story, a story of Jesus»
appearance to the disciples when they were in hiding
after the
Resurrection... this was a real opportunity to say something about that story and about the faith which is built around people who were fearful, were skeptical, and into the midst of them, somehow, in a way that was ultimately moving, comes the presence of Jesus through locked doors and barriers of skepticism, cynicism, and doubt, all of these things that prevent ourselves from being God's people.
But these
appearances did not continue to occur (Paul says that the
appearance to him was as to «One born out of due time») and by the end of the first century it was possible to think of them as having been confined to the short and definite period
after the
resurrection of which the final exaltation, or ascension, marked the end.
Faith can be expressed by adding an
appearance after death and burial or it can be expressed by remembrance of Jesus» repeated promise of a
resurrection.
It is this difference in theological outlook, according to Lohmeyer, which explains the alternation of Galilee and Jerusalem as the scene of the
appearances of Jesus
after his
resurrection; and the probability is now enhanced and supported by his study of the traditions relating to the two centers in the apostolic church.
Now, we must ask: since these accounts were not written down by Luke (the author of Acts) until about fifty years
after the event they describe, should they be treated as any more accurate than the
resurrection appearance accounts in the Gospels?
In conclusion, then, while there may have been some early Christologies that interpreted the Easter experience as «exaltation» instead of «
resurrection», this would not be a surprising response to «
appearances» of Jesus
after the crucifixion, and so does not address the nature or the probability of these
appearances nor the question of whether the exaltation interpretation somehow evolved separately from the
appearance traditions.
Luke (24:13 - 35) reports an entirely different series of
appearances of Jesus
after the
resurrection.