There the case - law is traced from the seminal speeches in White v White [2001] 1 AC 596 and Miller v Miller; McFarlane v McFarlane [2006] 2 AC 618 through the subsequent increasing sophistication of the impact of the distinction on
the application of the yardstick of equality and of the sharing principle (Charman v Charman (No 4)[2007] 1 FLR 1246, Jones v Jones [2011] 1 FLR 1723 etc) and on through the differing approaches adopted at first instance.
Application essays are to test the aptitude
of the students, not just the
yardstick that can be used to measure the intelligence
of a person.
... the
application of the Ramsden v. Dyson, L.R. 1 H.L. 129 principle — whether you call it proprietary estoppel, estoppel by acquiescence or estoppel by encouragement is really immaterial — requires a very much broader approach which is directed rather at ascertaining whether, in particular individual circumstances, it would be unconscionable for a party to be permitted to deny that which, knowingly, or unknowingly, he has allowed or encouraged another to assume to his detriment than to inquiring whether the circumstances can be fitted within the confines
of some preconceived formula serving as a universal
yardstick for every form
of unconscionable behaviour.
Each level
of people's court should establish a centralized administrative platform for the judicial review
of arbitration awards, to strengthen the informatized management and data analysis
of cases regarding
applications to confirm the validity
of an arbitation agreement, cases regarding
applications to cancel or enforce arbitration awards
of our domestic arbitration institutions,
applications to recognize and enforce Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macau Special Administrative Region, Taiwan Region arbitration awards, cases regarding
applications to recognize and enforce foreign arbitral awards, and cases relating to the judicial review
of arbitration such as refusal to accept, reject the filing, or objection to jurisdiction and others relating to the confirmation
of the validity
of an arbitration agreement; the effective guarantee
of the correct
application of law and
of a unified
yardstick for judicial decision - making.