Sentences with phrase «aragonite increased»

Accordingly, upwelling of waters acidified by anthropogenic CO2 has led to a further decrease in surface pH, as reported in the eastern Pacific Ocean along the west coast of North America, from central Canada to northern Mexico, where shoaling of the layer of seawater undersaturated with aragonite increased the frequency and magnitude of coastal acidification associated with upwelling events (Feely et al. 2008, 2010).

Not exact matches

Acidification increases the corrosiveness of the water and is also driving a decline in the amount of carbonate ion, needed to make aragonite and calcite, two forms of calcium carbonate that many marine organisms use to build their shells and skeletons.

Not only do increased ocean temperatures bleach coral by forcing them to expel the algae which supplies them with energy (see photo at left)[viii], but increased ocean CO2 reduces the availability of aragonite from which reefs are made.

Numerous peer - reviewed publications describe evidence that ocean temperatures are rising and ocean chemistry, especially pH, is changing.5 New observational data from buoys and ships document increasing acidity and aragonite under - saturation (that is, the tendency of calcite and aragonite in shells to dissolve) in Alaskan coastal waters.

Scenarios of OA by anthropogenic CO2, driven by CGMs, predict a decline of pH by 0.3 units and a shoaling of the horizon for dissolution of carbonate minerals, particularly aragonite, by the end of the century as a result of increased anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean (Caldeira and Wickett 2003, 2005; Orr et al. 2005; Raven et al. 2005; Meehl et al. 2007).

• Rising acidity: Rising levels of CO2 in the oceans are altering ocean chemistry and increasing the acidity of ocean water, reducing the saturation level of aragonite, a compound corals need to build their skeletons.

Warm - water coral reefs are also sensitive to multiple impacts including increased SST and decreasing aragonite concentrations within this century (Box 4.4).

Coral migration to higher latitudes with more optimal SST is unlikely, due both to latitudinally decreasing aragonite concentrations and PROJECTED atmospheric CO2 increases (Kleypas et al., 2001; Guinotte et al., 2003; Orr et al., 2005; Raven et al., 2005).