They found four key
areas of the genome where specific SNPs correlate with skin color.
The locus sits close to
an area of the genome where humans and chimps are known to share specific combinations of genes.
Not exact matches
To avoid that muddle, Steve Brown and Xue - Zhong Liu, molecular biologists at the Medical Research Council's Mouse
Genome Center in Harwell, England, sought families in remote
areas of the world,
where the families» deafness is more likely to be caused by a single mutated gene.
Researchers have previously harnessed this system to create gene - editing complexes composed
of a DNA - cutting enzyme called Cas9 and a short RNA that guides the enzyme to a specific
area of the
genome, directing Cas9
where to make its cut.
The goal was to initiate an informed discussion
of the uses
of genome engineering technology, and to identify those
areas where action is essential to prepare for future developments.
By better understanding the limitations
of genome - wide sequencing, Vogelstein notes, researchers and policymakers might be better able to direct funding and efforts to
areas, such as Alzheimer's disease,
where a person's genetic profile might have a very real effect on their likelihood
of getting the disease.
Knowledge
of where the ribonucleotides cluster could help identify
areas of greatest potential for
genome instability and lead to a better understanding
of how they affect the properties and activities
of DNA.
Each
of the working groups is responsible for developing a proposal for a set
of genomes to sequence that would advance knowledge in one
of three important scientific
areas: identifying
areas in genetic research
where the application
of high - throughput sequencing resources would rapidly lead to significant medical advances; understanding
of the human
genome; and understanding the evolutionary biology
of genomes.
This revealed a significantly greater number
of genome areas where spontaneous DNA deletions and duplications «hit» genes thought to contribute substantially to ASD.
Functional genomic elements, for example, are expected to be found at higher density in
genome regions with a high recombination rate
where fewer slightly deleterious mutations accumulate than in
areas of low recombination [13].