Sentences with phrase «around effect estimates»

Not exact matches

If current estimates are correct that the leakage rate is around 3 percent, then we calculated that switching all coal plants to average - efficiency natural gas plants would have little effect on the power sector's contribution to climate change.

It added that «the effect on U.S. growth is estimated to be positive through 2020, cumulating to 1.2 percent through that year, with a range of uncertainty around this central scenario.»

A surge in Australia's terms of trade has mitigated the effect of these developments on the trade deficit, which is estimated to have been around 3 1/4 per cent of GDP in the December quarter 2004, wider than at mid year but broadly similar to the outturns of the past year and a half (Graph 32).

In terms of effect on consumption, Ng et al estimated a reduction in sugar sweetened drink intake of 104 mL (10 %) per person per week compared with our predicted reduction of around 15 %.19 The substitution effects predicted in Ng et al's study are very slight, and as a result the predicted change in energy intake is larger (net decrease of 24 kJ / person / day compared with our estimate of 17 kJ / person / day).

He estimates the cooling effect of 100 000 mature urban trees — inner city Melbourne has around 70 000 — could save a city 3 million kilowatt hours of electricity annually.

«As a central estimate, we have assumed that these effects will net out and that the overall short - term effect of staging the London Olympics will be to boost UK economic output in Q3 by around 0.3 % to -0.4 %.

«We estimate that their total radiative forcing is around -1.3 [watts / meter2],» which is a cooling effect, he says.

The researchers found that on windy nights it wasn't possible to measure the cooling effects of the green spaces beyond their boundaries as there was too much turbulent mixing of the air; but on calm warm nights they estimate that a network of green spaces of around 3 - 5 hectares each situated 100 - 150 m apart would provide comprehensive cooling for a city with a climate and characteristics similar to London.

In fact, the five innermost worlds around Kepler 11 are so close together that gravitational interactions among them produce measurable perturbing effects on their individual orbits, allowing the researchers to make estimates of each planet's mass.

Sampling the bubbles, along with the waters in and around the plumes, will help scientists to estimate the effects of the methane emissions, says Skarke.

Our estimates and calculations are supposed to study solar effects on the climate within a very small temperature interval of approximately 1K around the average of 288K.

Lead author Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, MD, professor of women's and children's health at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, says that doctors know surprisingly little about oral contraceptives» effects on women's health — despite the fact that an estimated 100 million women around the world use them.

Kidney and Gall stones are estimated to effect around 5 % of the UK population, with recurrences common among patients (50 - 80 %).

By comparing pairs of students right around the cutoff, we can estimate the effect of being the lowest - achieving child in the class compared to being the highest - achieving student in the class.

In another paper, Bulman and Hoxby use a regression - discontinuity design to estimate the effects of the tuition tax deduction for families around the maximum income cutoff for eligibility.

These estimates are reasonably precise, with standard errors around 0.07, showing that our research design has the power to detect more modest effects as well.

But the estimated effects on achievement of adding 30 days to the school year are tightly clustered around the 0.10 estimate for the nation as a whole.

Provided that they get enough interest, Callaway estimates they will be able to effect the changes on the Chevrolet for around $ 15,000, and says the conversion work should be available through its network of dealers.

Stefan — Do you have any estimate of the cooling effects of the pronounced flow of northwesterly cold winds around the southern tip of Greenland thence across the North Atlantic as happened this past Winter?

But aren't these way too low, since LOTI shows we are — as of 2017 — already around 0.95 C warmer than the 1951 - 1980 average, and there is more warming «in the pipeline» because of the time lag, and another (estimated) 0.5 C warming when the anthropogenic aerosols dimming effect is removed?

The project received funding from the Research Council of Norway's NORKLIMA programme.The researchers succeeded in reducing uncertainty around the climatic effects of feedback mechanisms, and their findings indicate a lowered estimate of probable global temperature increase as a result of human - induced emissions of greenhouse gases.The project researchers were able to carry out their calculations thanks to the free use of the high - performance computing facility in Oslo under the Norwegian Metacenter for Computational Science (Notur).

manacker December 13, 2012 at 7:26 pm driveled:» The natural GH effect is estimated to be around 33C, with H2O (as vapor, liquid droplets in clouds or ice crystals in clouds) the principal GH gas.

Max, «The natural GH effect is estimated to be around 33C,» plus or minus a few degrees, the uncertainty in that one assumption is greater than the estimated impact.

The IPCC has estimated that aviation is responsible for around 3.5 % of anthropogenic climate change, a figure which includes both CO2 and non-CO2induced effects.

But the effect is estimated to be around 0.1 - 0.2 C.

During the eclipse, CAISO has estimated that the production capacity of 4,194 MW of large - scale solar and 1,365 MW of rooftop solar capacity — around 5,559 MW in total - will go offline, with the effects most keenly felt at around 10:22 am when the sun is at its most obscured.

«Atmospheric CO2 concentrations [reached] 379 ppm in 2005... The direct effect of all the long - lived GHGs is substantial, with the total CO2 equivalent concentration of these gases [in 2005] estimated to be around 455 ppm CO2 - eq (range: 433 - 477 ppm CO2 - eq).

The temperature stations used by Tony Brown seem to be mainly around the urban areas of Europe and the UK and these temperature stations would be the raw data that would be used for estimating the effect of the MWP.

Think of it this way — if there is no chance of observing the effects of changes in PDI in the global impacts record for 50 years (Emanuel's estimate) and over that same time period we expect damage to increase in real terms by up to a factor of 32 (a real doubling in damages every 10 - 15 years), then I think that it is safe (and also responsible) to assert that over that time period the only policies that can have a discernable effect on tropical cyclone damage around the world will necessarily be adaptive.

Because a larger percentage of the price gains were experienced toward the final quarter of 2017, Nomura estimates the wealth effect will be noticeable, raising real gross domestic product (GDP) by around 0.3 percent: