Sentences with phrase «as t lymphocytes»

«We already know white blood cells — or specifically, a subset known as T lymphocytes — provide us with a natural defence against viruses,» said Dr Ann Ager, who led the research.

Not exact matches

CD4 cells (also known as T4 or helper T cells) are lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell), which are important in immune responses.

They found that hepatitis in these «human hepatocyte chimeric mice» was caused by white blood cells known as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) that were specifically targeted to hepatitis B virus.

The ability of tumor - infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) such as T cells to produce multitudes of clones that overwhelm and effectively control cancer cells has been demonstrated, but the significance of the composition of T - cell repertories is unknown.

Recent work indicates that individual T lymphocytes possess receptors that interact with both thymus - dependent antigens and MHC gene products, either independently or as associated structures.

Known as a checkpoint inhibitor, tremelimumab is an investigational monoclonal antibody that «cuts the brakes» of the immune system by targeting cytotoxic T - lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA - 4), a protein that can switch off a patient's immune response.

Checkpoint inhibitors are monoclonal antibodies that target certain proteins that downregulate the immune system, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD - 1), programmed death - ligand 1 (PD - L1) and cytotoxic T - lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA - 4).

Using human T cells in culture as well as mice lacking one of these genes, YY1, they found that, indeed, the two proteins did help move Xist back to the inactive X chromosome in activated lymphocytes.

A subtype of T lymphocyte, known as a natural killer (NK) cell, patrols the body, attacking and killing viruses and cancer cells.

To address this question, the Penn researchers examined lymphocytes donated by healthy human females as well as «naïve,» or unstimulated T and B cells from female mice.

Using mice deficient in Del - 1, they found that the protein promotes proliferation and differentiation of hematopoetic stem cells, sending more of these progenitor cells down a path toward becoming myeloid cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils, rather than lymphocytes, such as T cells and B cells.

It is believed to result from a combination of genetics and environmental factors such as irritants and allergens that drive T lymphocytes to produce factors that cause abnormal changes in keratinocytes, the predominant cell type in the outermost layer of skin, as well as changes in other cells in the underlying dermis.

The scientist explains that the nanoparticle works as a bridge of antitumor activation between tumor cells and T lymphocytes.

The implanted stromal cells attracted T and B immune cells (lymphocytes) that were already circulating in the healthy mouse, then organised them into compartments segregated from one another, just as they appear in natural nodes.

CHICAGO, Ill. — The ability of tumor - infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) such as T cells to produce multitudes of clones that overwhelm and effectively control cancer cells has been demonstrated, but the significance of the composition of T - cell repertories is unknown.

Although originally described as a cytokine promoting Th1 responses, our work has uncovered diverse roles of this cytokine in the responses of both pathogenic T lymphocytes and Treg.

T lymphocytes are required for the rejection of corneal allografts, as athymic, T cell - deficient nude mice do not reject corneal allografts (3).

Vα14 invariant NKT (Vα14 iNKT) cells are a population of T lymphocytes that have several unique characteristics; many of these are related to their ability to function similarly to cells of the innate as opposed to the adaptive immune system.

The symposium features presentations by Philippa Marrack and John Kappler talking on the T cell repertoire; William Paul on interleukin 4 as a prototypic immunoregulatory cytokine; Timothy Springer on lymphocyte trafficking; Pamela Bjorkman on structural studies of MHC and MHC - related proteins, and Jack Strominger on peptide presentation by class I and II MHC proteins; Thierry Boon on genes coding for tumor rejection antigens, including the first tumor antigen, MAGE - 1; and Philip Greenberg on the modification of T cells for adoptive therapy by retroviral - mediated gene insertion Since then, the symposia series has attracted leading immunologists in the cancer vaccine and antibody fields, providing them with a comprehensive view of the promises and challenges in the development of cancer immunotherapies.

Also known as «killer T cells» and «cytotoxic lymphocytes.»

The World Health Organization defines bronchial asthma as a chronic airway inflammation that is caused by various inflammatory cells, including eosinophils (EOS), mast cells and T lymphocytes (1 — 3).

Subsets of CD4 + T lymphocytes play pivotal roles both in initiating the inflammatory process, by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines, and by preventing inflammation, in part by secreting regulatory cytokines such as IL - 10 and TGFβ.

In our laboratory we had the idea of localizing on tumor cells, with specific monoclonal antibodies, molecules, such as Major Histocompatibility Complexe (MHC), loaded with viral peptides, which can activate the T lymphocytes to attack the target tumor cells.

This protein activates simian T - Lymphocytes (CD4 +, CD4 +), in vitro, as measured by RNA synthesis during G0 to G1

This protein activates human T - Lymphocytes (CD4 +, CD4 --RRB-, in vitro, as measured by RNA synthesis during G0 to G1

Our research is focused on understanding how the functions of immune cells, such as monocytes and T lymphocytes, change during the progression of cardiovascular disease and cancer.

Compared with either the carrier system alone or with unmodified human AS, neither candidate antigen primed T - lymphocytes derived from WT mouse spleen.

Inductive sites include regions such as mucosa - associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) and local / regional mucosa - draining lymph nodes, where antigens from mucosal surfaces stimulate naive T and B lymphocytes.

During her doctoral studies, Sasha investigated primary human immunodeficiencies, lymphocyte cell death and metabolic pathways as well as memory T cell subsets in the laboratory of Dr. Andrew Snow.

This is often enough to halt the infection but the second part of the immune response is adaptive immunity, when dendritic cells activate T lymphocytes and trigger a cascade of immune reactions, such as the formation of antibodies and killer cells that clear the infection from the body and form a memory of the invading pathogen.

Approximately 50 % of PTCL are unclassifiable and categorized as PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL - NOS).1 Using gene expression profiling, PTCL - NOS lymphocytes can be distinguished from normal T lymphocytes, with deregulation of genes involved in apoptosis, proliferation, cell adhesion, and transcription regulation.2 Two subgroups of PTCL - NOS have been identified, which are characterized by high expression of either GATA3 or TBX21 / T - bet transcription factors and downstream target genes.3 However, actionable biomarkers closely related to the pathogenic mechanism need to be further investigated and may become potential therapeutic targets of PTCL - NOS. 4, 5

They are usually assisted in their task by CD4 + lymphocytes, which are, appropriately, also known as T - helper cells.

In addition, mixed lymphocyte cultures using the cells of the chimeric animals as responder cells to donor splenocytes failed to demonstrate any sensitization or clonal deletion of alloreactive T cells; i.e. T cell responses were identical to those of control animals (n = 4)(data not shown).

This support is achieved by the potential ability of Ricinoleic Acid, the active ingredient of Castor Oil, to increase the production of T - 11 lymphocytes, also referred to as T - cells.1 These T - cells are some of the most important natural agents for assisting white blood cells in the elimination and neutralization of a variety of harmful bodily invaders.

One of the workhorses in your immune system is a group of white blood cells known as lymphocytes, which include B - cells and T - cells.

These cells, along with dendritic cells, recognize the incoming undigested food particles, toxic agents, and bacterial components as foreign invaders, and present them to cells of the adaptive immune system called T and B lymphocytes, leading to clonal expansion (proliferation or multiplication of specific subsets of T and B cells) and recruitment of more pro-inflammatory immune cells to the gut through a process called leukocyte homing.

APS (also known as astragalus polysaccharide) has been shown to activate the immune system by enhancing the transformation of T lymphocytes (a sub-type of white blood cells, crucial in the regulation of immune responses), as well as the activation of B lymphocytes (which produce antibodies that are used to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and toxins) and dendritic cells, which trigger immune reactions to toxins.

However, if an HIV - positive person goes on a very healthy unrefined vegan diet, thinks positively, exercise every day, then HIV does not dare to attack the T lymphocytes as they are too strong.

However, even during this «asymptomatic» phase, immune function is declining as the virus has a negative effect on the infected T - lymphocytes.

It is theoretically possible that this activation might include autoreactive lymphocytes, and as alum is very effective at stimulating antibody responses, the activation of B cells and their particular helper T cells (Th2 cells) might readily arise....»

Clinical Signs Early in the course of infection, the virus is carried to nearby lymph nodes, where it reproduces in white blood cells known as T - lymphocytes.

You can think of helper T - lymphocytes as the policemen of the body — always looking for intruders and blowing their whistle when they find them.

Studies have found it increases the activities of macrophages, T lymphocytes and natural killer cells and that it acts as a tumor inhibitor.

Alving, C.R., Koulchin, V., Glenn, G.M., Rao, M.R. Liposomes as carriers of peptide antigens: Induction of antibodies and cytotoxic T lymphocytes to conjugated and unconjugated peptides.