Circle is also launching a new blockchain technology dubbed Spark: a protocol for digital wallets to exchange value using blockchains, including bitcoin,
as settlement layers.
The pair plan to show off a «spot trade» on the foreign exchange market for global currencies using an adaptation of Ethereum
as the settlement layer.
As a result, it can not be said that «Layer 2» will act
as a settlement layer to anything beyond the cryptocurrency itself, especially since the network it attaches to can at most by design only guarantee probabilistic finality.
Ethereum was the first cryptocurrency that was built to function primarily
as a settlement layer.
The new version uses Lightning technology to transfer digital assets in payment channels and uses the Bitcoin blockchain
as a settlement layer and dispute resolution mechanism that secures the assets.
XinFin network is a peer to peer contract platform running on stake based DPOS consensus which can use existing approved payment channels or use XDC
as a settlement layer only through approved financial institutions.
Case in point: The Ethereum Alliance, for instance, was set up to create a «spot trade» on the foreign exchange market for global currencies using an adaptation of Ethereum
as the settlement layer.
The XDC can act as a pure messaging and confirmation layer using existing payment rails or
as a settlement layer through approved and regulated institutions.
Raiden is designed to take a load off the main blockchain separately processing micropayments and thus facilitate machine - to - machine transactions using the Ethereum blockchain
as a settlement layer.
The vast majority of Bitcoin Core developers and contributors view Bitcoin
as a settlement layer because they accept the fact that the system in its current form can not scale to mainstream levels of adoption.
One of the more exciting trends in the blockchain space is around the use of public blockchains not
as a settlement layer, but simply as both asset and settlement layer.
Not exact matches
Cardano has ambitious plans for the future and intends to move beyond the
settlement layer to a Control
layer, which will serve
as a «trusted computation framework» for sophisticated systems, such
as gambling and gaming systems.
As Bitcoin made new highs and Litecoin languished, Litecoin's developers pushed for short
settlement times with an off - chain payment
layer, in this case the Lightning Network.
Therein lies a
layer of strategy
as placement of roads and
settlements can be used to block and divert your opponents.
Historical records from early
settlements reveal glacier boundaries,
as does ice core data taken by drilling down into the annual
layers of ice that make up glaciers.
Some people like to call Lightning Network a caching
layer, but it may be more accurate to think of it
as a
settlement deferral system.
Called the «zero - knowledge
settlement layer,» this allows for zero - knowledge ethereum tokens that only reveal information such
as transactional quantity and ownership, and that notably doesn't reveal anything else about the function of the tokens.
Bitcoin Core has also taken the approach that bitcoin is simply a
settlement layer, and that most of the small transactions should take place on top -
layer platforms, such
as the in - development Lightning Network.
In contrast, Bitcoin was designed initially to transact
as a form of «digital cash» (though, over time, Bitcoin has become more of a
settlement layer itself).
The Lightning Network is a «second
layer» to the Bitcoin network that offers users the ability to conduct off - chain transactions, with the Bitcoin blockchain used only
as a
settlement service.
Our engineers are also working on a robust (open source) application
layer that can utilize a public Blockchain such
as Bitcoin (or Ethereum), to issue securities and enable tradability within a particular niche of the financial markets, but more importantly execute DVP (Delivery Versus Payment)
settlement and coupon / dividend administration using fiat currency.
By embracing modularity, the main Bitcoin blockchain can act
as a maximally secure
settlement layer, while second
layer payment channels serve
as pipelines for fast, high liquidity transactions.