Sentences with phrase «as a tumor cell»

It is in this final tank that the engineered cells are stimulated to secrete the protein product — the monoclonal antibody itself, a protein derived from the mammalian immune system that can bind to a very specific target in the body, such as a tumor cell.

In this study, human lung cancer cells with additional copies of the opioid receptor grew more than twice as fast as tumor cells that lacked extra receptors when transplanted into mice.

Working with James Hicks, a biologist at USC, the team was able to detect tumor DNA in tiny fragments that had likely been loosed as tumor cells died and broke up.

The maker of Neoplasene only allows it to be used under veterinary supervision; this is because, as the tumor cells die, the tissue will slough off, leaving a hole that needs veterinary care.

Unlike the canine situation, it is not all that helpful to stage the disease with buffy coat smears and bone marrow taps, although localizing the disease to the spleen with a splenic aspirate might be particularly useful as tumor cells in these locations have not altered prognosis.

Not exact matches

Immunotherapy differs from more traditional cancer treatments, such as surgery (cutting malignant cells out of the body), chemotherapy and radiation (poisoning the deadly mutants), and even the newer, more precise molecular drugs that attempt to jam the protein signals that tell tumor cells to keep dividing and conquering.

His work indicates that this cell surface marker could serve as a target for a novel brain cancer vaccine or T - cell therapies engineered to recognize and kill tumors carrying that neoantigen.

As a cancer researcher, do you think the mechanisms of tumor growth are somehow changing to come into line with your perceptions, or is it possible that the process of our learning more about DNA mutations and cell architecture and nutrient exchange and epigenetic effects make it possible for us to inch ever closer to understanding that which is already going on under our noses?

TPA is a toxic chemical described as «a potent tumor promoter in mouse skin» by the Boston - based firm Cell Signaling Technology.

Similar to capsaicin, tumor necrosis factor is suspected to both induce and reduce cancer cell growth, and was shown to commit cells to survival when stimulating EGFR transactivation mechanisms, indicating that EGFR could act as a molecular switch determining the antiapoptotic effect of tumor necrosis factor (50).

However, the impact of the two methylation - regulating enzymes was still seen at 10 to 15 months, when scientists found decreased expression of hundreds of genes — many of which are key tumor suppressor genes such as BMP3, SFRP2 and GATA4 — in the smoke - exposed cells and a five - or - more-fold increase in the signaling of the KRAS oncogene that is known to be mutated in smoking - related lung cancers.

«Once this novel tumor - homing agent binds to the EphA2 receptor, the oncogene functions as a cancer - specific molecular Trojan horse for paclitaxel, carrying the drug inside the cancel cell, killing the cell, and thwarting metastasis,» said Maurizio Pellecchia, a professor of biomedical sciences at UCR's School of Medicine who led the research.

As researchers learn more about genetic profile of various cancers, other work is charging ahead to deliver personalized vaccines targeted to a patient's own tumor cells

Recently, DNA shed from tumor cells has been identified as a noninvasive method of screening biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.

For investigators studying circulating tumor cells, the next step after sampling is to isolate the desired cells as quickly and gently as possible.

«We're interrogating the tumor microenvironment,» she says, «by looking at suppressive cues as well as cells and secreted proteins that protect tumors from the immune response.»

Tumor cells are indicated as green dash lines.

As a result, «immune cells can go to all corners of the body and eradicate tumors,» Smith says.

But when their functioning is altered, as the UCL researchers observed in tumor cells, the mitochondria can promote cell migration, thus leading to the formation of metastasis.

According to Srikumar P. Chellappan, Ph.D., chair of the Department of Tumor Biology at Moffitt, «these cells can also contribute to the metastasis of tumors as well as the reappearance of tumors after they have been eliminated from the body.»

For some years now, a new class of drugs called antibody - drug conjugates (ADCs) have been used, which work in two ways: they consist of an antibody that binds selectively to the tumor cell receptor and interrupts the signal to propagate; they also act as a transport vehicle for a chemical substance that enters the cancer cells with the antibody and triggers their death.

Inspired by his own bout of leukemia to try to find a better cancer treatment, retired broadcasting station owner Kanzius guessed that as an alternative to chemotherapy, he could inject tumors with metal ions, then use radio waves to heat the metal and destroy cancerous cells.

So far, researchers with the Allen Institute for Brain Science in Seattle have described the intricate shapes and electrical properties of about 100 nerve cells, or neurons, taken from the brains of 36 patients as they underwent surgery for conditions such as brain tumors or epilepsy.

When researchers injected fresh breast cancer cells in the side opposite the original tumor site, the disease didn't recur in any of the mice, as the cancer was rejected by the immune system's memory.

The identification of the cancer cell of origin has important clinical implications, as it enables doctors to detect malignancies earlier and predict tumor behavior more accurately.

Pre-clinical studies have shown that ALT - 803 activates the immune system to mobilize lymphocytes against tumor cells and could potentially serve as an important component in combination treatments.

Potti and his colleagues began by testing chemotherapy drugs on cultured cell lines from human tumors, such as from the lung, breast, or ovary.

DIPGs are known as one of the most challenging tumors to treat because cancer cells are intimately intermingled with normal brain cells in a part of the brain that can not be surgically resected.

The ability for cancer cells to develop resistance to chemotherapy drugs — known as multi-drug resistance — remains a leading cause for tumor recurrence and cancer metastasis, but recent findings offer hope that oncologists could one day direct cancer cells to «turn off» their resistance capabilities.

To migrate from a primary tumor, a cancer cell must first break through surrounding connective tissue known as the extracellular matrix (ECM).

Seven to eight weeks after the tumor was established, each mouse received one intravenous injection of GD2 CAR - T cells or, as a control treatment, an injection of CAR - T cells that react to a different target.

«Our work strongly supports that cancer stem cells are the main source of growth in these tumors and, as such, should be considered promising targets for treatment,» says Mario Suvà, MD, PhD, of the MGH Department of Pathology, co-senior author of the Nature paper.

«For this purpose we have created molecules which act as an adapter between the virus and the tumor cell,» explains Markus Schmid, first author of the study.

«Just as normal cells with the same genome differentiate into many different cell types, a single tumor characterized by specific genetic mutations can contain many different types of cells — stem - like and more differentiated cells — with the difference being rooted in their epigenetic information.

«We refer to this as the battle for the brain, in which early on in the disease, the microglia are trying to destroy the brain tumor initiating cells,» says Yong.

To begin the research, the scientists screened human DIPG tumor cultures for surface molecules that could act as targets for CAR - T cells.

Still, how melanoma cells join into tumors — whether by individual cells coming together or small or large clusters of cells doing so — follows the same pattern as breast tissue cancer cells: Cables are extended to reel in other cells or clusters.

Several studies have supported a role for cancer stem cells in the aggressive brain tumors called glioblastoma, but those studies involved inducing human tumors to grow in mice, and as such their relevance to cancer in humans has been questioned.

Much of the research into tumor cell migration, however, has represented the tissue as a solid gel.

Dr. Massagué is particularly interested in the ability of tumor cells to hug blood vessels, as he suspects this behavior may be essential for the survival of metastatic cancer cells not only in the brain but also in other parts of the body where metastatic tumor growth can occur.

On average, about a third of cells that left the tumor migrated as bicolored clumps of cells.

OX40 functions as a throttle for T cells, another type of immune cell crucial for battling tumors, and the anti-OX40 antibodies rev up these cells.

These findings also have implications for treatment of cancer and other disorders, such as obesity, in which M2 macrophage cells play a regulatory role in tumor growth and fat deposition.

As I was about to snag a free cashew - and - avocado smoothie, a fervent stranger accosted me, waving x-rays of tumors caused by cell phone radiation — radiation, she said in an anxious tone, that my cell phone was emitting in my pocket right now.

According to this theory, tumor cells tend to «forget» the tissue from which they originated as the disease progresses, acquiring an undifferentiated phenotype associated with heightened aggressiveness and treatment resistance.

As prostate cancer progresses, tumor cells may infiltrate this periprostatic adipose tissue: this is a key step in the progression of this cancer, as it signals locally advanced disease (where the cancer can progress to nearby organsAs prostate cancer progresses, tumor cells may infiltrate this periprostatic adipose tissue: this is a key step in the progression of this cancer, as it signals locally advanced disease (where the cancer can progress to nearby organsas it signals locally advanced disease (where the cancer can progress to nearby organs).

The pathologist of the Department of Pathology at the University Hospital of Bellvitge August Vidal explained that «this tumorigenic transformation depends on Dicer protein that could serve as a marker for the presence of tumor cells, or as a therapeutic target.»

Chemotherapy aimed at killing single cells may not work as efficiently against bands of spreading tumor cells, she said.

To acquire new insights into the biology and possible therapy of these tumors, Feigin et al. looked for aberrant expression of G protein — coupled receptors, cell signaling proteins that have been successfully targeted for treatment of other disorders such as depression.

The researchers watched through a microscope as cells spread from the original tumor.