Sentences with phrase «as animal genomes»

Not exact matches

And as for the origin of species and evolution in terms of the scientific method, that scientific method has given us the ability to decode the DNA genome of many animals, and to show where, back in time, the various relatives of man and modern apes, for example, branched off into separate species.

The differences they found in the cat genome help explain characteristics such as why cats are almost exclusively carnivorous and how their vision and sense of smell differ from other animals like dogs.

However, the results of more recent phylogenetic analyses, derived from comparisons between sequences of specific genes and of whole genomes, seemed to point to Ctenophora as the first group that parted company with the lineage from which the rest of the animal kingdom (including sponges) evolved.

But some animals carry more than two complete sets of the genome, referred to as polyploidy.

The problem is that in animals, such as mice and humans, there are many histone genes and they are scattered throughout the genome.

These workshops have presented an important opportunity to bring together scientists who are contributing actively to topics such as aquaculture, farmed animal biotechnology, biodiversity, plant genome research, cellular microbiology, and AIDS vaccine research and diagnostics.

(Ill - fitting because humans have been indirectly, and much less precisely, modifying plant and animal genomes for thousands of years via selective breeding, and evolution has been doing it for as long as there has been life on Earth.)

With chronically infected mice as their model, the researchers used a new technology called ATAC - seq to map the regulatory regions of the genome — the sections of DNA involved in switching genes on and off — in the animals» exhausted and functional CD8 + T cells.

CTCF is a so - called DNA - binding protein, which marks regions of DNA in animal genomes that serve as «insulators» or partitioning boundaries as cells package their DNA.

Moreover, as genomes of other animals are sequenced, «there will be a lot of biology that will be clarified,» says Tom Pollard, a cell biologist at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut.

The genome data set generated in the study also reveals important lessons for the history of horse management, which started some 5,500 years ago, and animal domestication as a whole.

His adviser at the time, animal genomicist Martien Groenen of Wageningen University and Research Centre in the Netherlands, had sequenced these genomes and had gathered additional, albeit less complete, genetic data from 600 other wild and domesticated pigs as part of another study.

The new genomic catalog contains nearly 200 viral genomes collected from patient samples in Sierra Leone and Nigeria, as well as field samples from the major animal reservoir, or host, of Lassa virus — the rodent Mastomys natalensis, also called the multimammate rat.

Dunn compared the genomes of 71 animal species and found that the common ancestor of all the animals on the planet may not have been as simple as a sponge, as previously thought.

«Previously, genome - wide screens were only possible in lower animals, such as flies, worms and yeast, where it is often difficult to assess the relevance to human disorders such as cancer.»

As more such species are sequenced, he says, «everyone will be using these» genomes to find out which genes are responsible for particular functions, especially for plant pathogens such as Fusarium, which causes ear rot in corn and puts out mycotoxins in animal feeAs more such species are sequenced, he says, «everyone will be using these» genomes to find out which genes are responsible for particular functions, especially for plant pathogens such as Fusarium, which causes ear rot in corn and puts out mycotoxins in animal feeas Fusarium, which causes ear rot in corn and puts out mycotoxins in animal feed.

And the marbled lungfish — a living piece of evolutionary history with the largest genome of any animal — is also rated as of least concern, despite being commonly eaten by humans.

Genes that are grouped together on chromosomes in other animals were dispersed in the octopus genome, likely as a result of transposon activity.

Ordering DNA from commercial outfits has become as easy as ordering pizza, according to Voigt, who projects that in upcoming decades scientists will be able to whip up much larger segments of DNA: synthetic genomes for yeast, animals — perhaps even humans.

The sponge genome confirms that sponges share much the same genetic tool kit for multicellularity as the rest of the animal kingdom.

More recent studies, however, have found evidence of speedy evolutionary change in animals — as well as hundreds of changes in the human genome that appeared within tens of thousands, rather than over hundreds of thousands or even millions of years.

The team then sequenced a region of each animal's genome they had previously identified as playing a role in sociability.

The branch uniting the fungi and animals is well - supported based on a number of molecular phylogenetic datasets, including the nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (Wainwright et al., 1993; Bruns et al. 1993), unique and shared sequence insertions in proteins such as elongation factor 1α (Baldauf and Palmer, 1993), entire mitochondrial genomes (Lang et al., 2002), and concatenated protein - coding genes (Steenkamp et al., 2006).

Investigating mouse models for biological for research The congress aims to promote the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) mouse lines, importance of mouse phenotyping & clinical and drug discovery collaboration, to present progresses performed by IMPC with regards CRISPR editing genome, rare diseases, microbiota and ageing pipeline, as well as illustration of examples of scientific projects about «Animal models for human diseases» and recent developments in mouse models phenotyping imaging.

CRISPR / Cas systems are known as promising «gene scissors» in the genome editing of plants, animals, and microorganisms by targeting specific regions in their DNA - and perhaps they can even be used to correct genetic defects.

The hallways of Boyce Thompson Institute will be a little quieter this week, as more than a dozen researchers escape the Ithaca winter by flying to San Diego for the 24th Plant & Animal Genome Meeting (PAG).

The role of new genetic pathways in cancer biochemistry (the genome mutation profiles), the identification of the key targets and their validation, as well as utilization of new knock - out or knock - in animal models for such studies are among topics that will be discussed.

In their role as dinner, bacteria also likely provided raw genetic material for the first animals, which probably incorporated chunks of microbial DNA directly into their own genomes as they digested their meals.

The congress aims to promote the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) mouse lines, importance of mouse phenotyping & clinical and drug discovery collaboration, to present progresses performed by IMPC with regards CRISPR editing genome, rare diseases, microbiota and ageing pipeline, as well as illustration of examples of scientific projects about «Animal models for human diseases» and recent developments in mouse models phenotyping imaging.

The phylogenetic position of the cephalochordate amphioxus, together with its relatively simple and evolutionarily conserved morphology and genome structure, has led to its use as a model for studies of animal evolution, with a special focus on the origin of deuterostomes, chordates, and vertebrates.

UNDERSTANDING HUMAN ACCELERATED REGIONS: Sections of the genome that are largely conserved across mammals and even the entire animal kingdom, but differ in humans, are known as human accelerated regions (HARs).

As part of her current work under the Fungal Genome Initiative at the Broad, Cuomo leads analysis of a wide diversity of animal and plant pathogens, with the goal of better understanding the genetic basis of pathogenicity.

Over the next three years, the five centers in NHGRI 19s Large - Scale Sequencing Research Network will use high - throughput, robotic technologies to sequence a strategic set of animal genomes totaling as much as 54 billion base pairs, or the equivalent of 18 human genomes.

Genome sequencing has helped scientists understand pets such as dogs and cats; agricultural animals like cows and pigs; crop plants such as rice, corn, barley; and a host of other living things.

The CRISPR / Cas9 genome - editing technology allows the rapid generation of genetically modified animals as well as controlled genetic modification in cell lines and primary cells.

«Society stands on the precipice of change, as the ability to sequence and study the genomes of humans and animals is dramatically altering how scientists and doctors study and treat disease and disorders,» says Dr. Ganzert.

(ref) The US government justified adding the dog and cat genome not for us veterinarians and pet lovers; they did it because humans, dogs and cats have more genetic diseases than any other animal species and understanding and attempting to repair or prevent these genetic issues in dogs and cats could have applications in human medicine as well.