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The
authors pull no punches in boldly asserting that the brand of human
attribution science
as currently practiced by climate activists such
as Michael Mann and Michael Oppenheimer «contradicts the scientific evidence «and engenders a «massive oversimplification» or even «misstatement» of the «true state of the science.»
The reliable detection and
attribution of changes in climate, and their effects, is fundamental to our understanding of the scientific basis of climate change... This paper... is intended
as a guide for future IPCC Lead
Authors.
He served
as Lead
Author of «Detection of Climate Change and
Attribution of Causes» of the 1995 Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
The chapter 7
authors are admitting
as much about
attribution.
The
authors note that Oreskes» methodology is further flawed because it also surveyed the opinions and writings of «nonscientists who may write about climate, but are by no means experts on or even casually familiar with the science dealing with
attribution — that is, attributing a specific climate effect (such
as a temperature increase) to a specific cause (such
as rising CO2 levels).»
The
authors note that Oreskes» methodology is further flawed because it also surveyed the opinions and writings of «nonscientists who may write about climate, but are by no means experts on or even casually familiar with the science dealing with
attribution — that is, attributing a specific climate effect (such
as a temperature increase) to a specific cause (such
as rising CO
Saño is referring to an emerging body of science
authored by researchers from the University of Oxford's Environmental Change Institute known
as Probabilistic Event
Attribution (PEA), which deals with examining to what extent extreme weather events can be associated with past anthropogenic emissions.
If, when you did that, the marginal increase in likelihood of new extremes fell more in line with the (e.g.) 20 % that seems typical of recent
attribution studies, then this would place what is now an extreme outlier result (
as it is being interpreted, not
as the
authors described it) more in line with the rest of the literature.
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In this study,
authors Kirby, Baucom and Peterman found that negative intimacy
attributions — such
as blaming intimacy issues on your partner — along with more negative communication styles decreased the amount of marital satisfaction experienced among a sample of 84 couples, four additional men and 12 additional women.