In California, both NME and pertussis clusters were associated with factors characteristic of high socioeconomic status such
as lower population density; lower
average family
size; lower percentage of racial or ethnic minorities; higher percentage of high school, college, or graduate school graduates; higher median
household income; and lower percentage of families in poverty.
Area - level explanatory variables will include: accessibility and remoteness,
as measured by the Accessibility / Remoteness Index of Australia Plus (ARIA +); 54 socioeconomic disadvantage,
as measured by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Socioeconomic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA); 55 presence of Aboriginal Medical Services; presence of an AMIHS; proportion of Aboriginal pregnancies / births in an area managed by an AMIHS; numbers of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children attending preschool; numbers of full - time equivalent health workers (including general medical practitioners, nurses, midwives and Aboriginal health workers) per 10 000 population; measures of social capital from the NSW Population Health Survey; 56 features of local communities (derived from ABS Census data), such
as information on median personal and
household income, mortgage repayment and rent;
average number of persons per bedroom and
household size; employment; non-school qualifications and housing type for Aboriginal residents in each area.57