Sentences with phrase «as biomass increases»

Not exact matches

Conversion of natural vegetation to agriculture is a major source of CO2, not only due to losses of plant biomass but also, increased decomposition of soil organic matter caused by disturbance and energy costs of various agricultural practices such as fertilization and irrigation.

Black carbon aerosols — particles of carbon that rise into the atmosphere when biomass, agricultural waste, and fossil fuels are burned in an incomplete way — are important for understanding climate change, as they absorb sunlight, leading to higher atmospheric temperatures, and can also coat Arctic snow with a darker layer, reducing its reflectivity and leading to increased melting.

However, experts were uncertain about this value and estimated it is possible that walleye could decrease by as much as 40 %, but could also increase by over 60 % of its recently measured biomass.

As productivity continues to increase, as in boreal forests, plant biomass (the total mass of living matter of a particular type) increases, herbivore biomass increases, and ecosystems become capable of sustaining a third trophic level — the predators — with this level controlling herbivoreAs productivity continues to increase, as in boreal forests, plant biomass (the total mass of living matter of a particular type) increases, herbivore biomass increases, and ecosystems become capable of sustaining a third trophic level — the predators — with this level controlling herbivoreas in boreal forests, plant biomass (the total mass of living matter of a particular type) increases, herbivore biomass increases, and ecosystems become capable of sustaining a third trophic level — the predators — with this level controlling herbivores.

Cooperation with AVA Biochem is part of comprehensive KIT activities for manufacture of chemical energy carriers as well as intermediates from biomass with emphasis on so - called hydrothermal methods i.e. reactions in water at increased temperatures.

Published in Scientific Reports, the study showed that adding torrefied biomass to poor soil from Botswana increased water retention in the soil as well as — the amount of plant growth.

Hydrothermal carbonization i.e., a method which at high temperatures and increased pressure converts biomass in a closed system in aqueous suspension into biochar, served as the basis.

Even though this increases the amount of plants consumed, the plant biomass remains approximately at the same level as in species - poor ecosystems.

Now that we've unlocked its genetic secrets, loblolly pine will take on even greater importance as we look for new sources of biomass to drive our nation's bioeconomy and ways to increase carbon sequestration and mitigate climate change,» said Sonny Ramaswamy, director of USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), which funded the research.

Novem calculates that if some 0.5 million hectares of agricultural land were turned over to production of such biomass sources of energy, this would meet around 5 per cent of Dutch energy requirements; this would increase to 12 per cent if waste and refuse materials were used as biomass.

Mixing art and science, his works are designed to act as artificial reefs — attracting corals, increasing marine biomass and aggregating fish species — while crucially diverting tourists away from fragile natural reefs and thus providing space for natural rejuvenation.

Hybrid plants have qualities useful in farming, such as increase of biomass and being stress resilient.

«Plants supply biomass which forms the beginning of the food chain, but insects act as pollinators and soil organisms increase soil fertility through the breakdown and retention of chemical elements such as phosphorus.

Species with ranges that extend largely to the south — such as eastern redcedar, post oak, and shortleaf pine — may have increases in suitable habitat and biomass as the region warms.

Experts estimated that yellow perch biomass would not decrease as a result of bighead and silver carp, and could possibly increase by 15 percent to 50 percent of recently recorded biomass for this fish in Lake Erie.

However, experts were uncertain about this value and estimated it is possible that walleye could decrease by as much as 40 percent, but could also increase by more than 60 percent of its recently measured biomass.

In cancer, a state marked by increased protein translation and biomass expansion, HSF1 is activated and binds to numerous genes throughout the genome, as seen in the heat map of HSF1 ChIP - Seq read density in M0 - 91acute myeloid leukemia cells (DMSO, far left).

«As the rate of biomass burning increases, so do the impacts to human health,» Jacobson said.

These changes are necessary for cancer cells to meet the combined biomass and energy demands for growth and are only satisfied by increased capture and synthesis of cellular building blocks such as sugars, fats, and proteins.

Also, as predicted by trophic cascade theory, the removal of dingoes results in the depletion of pasture biomass owing to an increase in herbivore grazing impact [20].

For example, a biogeochemical model can be used to show that dumping iron in the oceans will have no effect on atmospheric CO2, as any increase in algal growth will be accompanied by increases in remineralization of algal biomass in the water column.

I am aware of one paper from the CalCOFI program which did utilize regular Secchi disk measurements to carefully discern a slight, long - term shoaling of Secchi depth since the 1940s (Aksnes and Ohman, 2009), and these authors were cautious not to attribute this changes to any single factor such as a long - term increase in phytoplankton biomass.

However, even if net accumulation of biomass continues for a very long time (and produces very deep soils), the rate of accumulation is going to be steady at best — it is certainly not going to increase as the forest matures.

Moreover, he claims that as renewable energy use increases, this measure of efficiency will decrease as the best land for wind, biomass, and solar power gets used up.»

Berry claims that nature is responsible for carbon increases from 280ppm to 373ppm, yet it is well established that nature is acting as carbon sink from the ocean and biomass.

In developing Asia, the share of biomass in the residential sector declines from around 50 % today to 33 % in 2030 as demand for gas and electricity for cooking increases in the New Policies Scenario.

There was some bad news for Drax recently as the UK government decided that biomass subsidies would not keep climbing as the «carbon price floor» — levied on fossil fuel production (and due to rise further)-- on electricity consumption has caused a backlash from manufacturers, consumer groups and energy suppliers who are concerned that the «tax will push up prices, make the UK uncompetitive and force the premature closure of coal - fired power plants, increasing the risk of blackouts.»

Burning wood instead of coal therefore creates a carbon debt — an immediate increase in atmospheric CO2 compared to fossil energy — that can be repaid over time only as — and if — NPP [net primary production] rises above the flux of carbon from biomass and soils to the atmosphere on the harvested lands.»

As Kelly notes, it has been 40 years since the modern renewable energy developments began, and yet the fraction of world energy supplied by renewables (wind, solar and cultivated biomass sources combined) has hardly increased.

Further dissemination of state - of - the - art technologies to increase thermal energy efficiency and electric energy efficiency and the use of alternative fuels including biomass as well as to reduce clinker content in cement is needed.

His position: • No evidence of increasing lake clarity as a result of secchi measurements since 1946 • The interplay of stratification and plankton productivity are not «straightforward» • Challenges O'Reilly's assumption on the correlation of wind and productivity - the highest production is on the end of the lake with the lowest winds • A strong caution using diatoms as the productivity proxy (it is one of two different lake modes) • No ability to link climate change to productivity changes • More productivity from river than allowed for in Nature Geopscience article • Externally derived nutrients control productivity for a quarter of the year • Strong indications of overfishing • No evidence of a climate and fishery production link • The current productivity of the lake is within the expected range • Doesn't challenge recent temp increase but cites temperature records do not show a temperature rise in the last century • Phytoplankton chlorophylla seems to have not materially changed from the 1970s to 1990s • Disputes O'Reilly's and Verbug's claims of increased warming and decreased productivity • Rejects Verburgs contention that changes in phytoplankton biomass (biovolume), in dissolved silica and in transparency support the idea of declining productivity.

This technical document provides a brief review of the benefits from various agriculture - based practices and technologies that have the potential to increase food production and the adaptive capacity of the food production system, as well as reduce emissions or enhance carbon storage in agricultural soils and biomass, focusing in detail on empirical evidence concerning costs and barriers to adoption, both from household and project - level data.

«Every year, indoor air pollution is responsible for the death of 1.6 million people — that's one death every 20 seconds... In sub-Saharan Africa, the reliance on biomass fuels appears to be growing as a result of population growth and the unavailability of, or increases in the price of, alternatives such as kerosene and liquid petroleum gas.»

-- Based on the scientific review, the agencies may, by rule, modify the definition of «renewable biomass» from Federal lands in sections 211 (o)(1)(I) and 700 of the Clean Air Act and section 610 of the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 as appropriate to advance the goals of increasing America's energy independence, protecting the environment, and reducing global warming pollution.

Regional fire activity increased significantly with the development of closed subalpine forests as a result of increased fuel biomass and warmer summers.

The revised plan significantly reduced the number of coal plants in the pipeline and incorporated Nguy Thi's recommendation to increase renewable energy — such as wind, solar, and biomass — to 21 % of the total energy plan by 2030.

Increased biomass can lead to increased emissions of biogases such as dimethyl sulfide and isoprene, which when oxidized in the atmospheric form sulphate and organic aerosols that can nucleate clouds, increasing cloud cover and planetary albedo — the CLAW HyIncreased biomass can lead to increased emissions of biogases such as dimethyl sulfide and isoprene, which when oxidized in the atmospheric form sulphate and organic aerosols that can nucleate clouds, increasing cloud cover and planetary albedo — the CLAW Hyincreased emissions of biogases such as dimethyl sulfide and isoprene, which when oxidized in the atmospheric form sulphate and organic aerosols that can nucleate clouds, increasing cloud cover and planetary albedo — the CLAW Hypothesis.

Among renewable energy technologies, the shares in global funding of biomass, solar photovoltaic and wind have increased, while those of ocean, geothermal and concentrating solar power have declined — broadly reflecting the evolving consensus as to where the greatest potential lies.

The study suggests this so - called «CO2 fertilization effect» may also contribute to a stabilizing feedback in the climate system as increased biomass production and organic deposition in marshes sequester larger amounts of carbon dioxide.

Increased weed and pest pressure associated with longer growing seasons and warmer winters will be an increasingly important challenge; there are already examples of earlier arrival and increased populations of some insect pests such as corn earworm.64 Furthermore, many of the most aggressive weeds, such as kudzu, benefit more than crop plants from higher atmospheric carbon dioxide, and become more resistant to herbicide control.72 Many weeds respond better than most cash crops to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations, particularly «invasive» weeds with the so - called C3 photosynthetic pathway, and with rapid and expansive growth patterns, including large allocations of below - ground biomass, such as roots.73 Research also suggests that glyphosate (for example, Roundup), the most widely - used herbicide in the United States, loses its efficacy on weeds grown at the increased carbon dioxide levels likely to occur in the coming decades.74 To date, all weed / crop competition studies where the photosynthetic pathway is the same for both species favor weed growth over crop growth as carbon dioxide is incIncreased weed and pest pressure associated with longer growing seasons and warmer winters will be an increasingly important challenge; there are already examples of earlier arrival and increased populations of some insect pests such as corn earworm.64 Furthermore, many of the most aggressive weeds, such as kudzu, benefit more than crop plants from higher atmospheric carbon dioxide, and become more resistant to herbicide control.72 Many weeds respond better than most cash crops to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations, particularly «invasive» weeds with the so - called C3 photosynthetic pathway, and with rapid and expansive growth patterns, including large allocations of below - ground biomass, such as roots.73 Research also suggests that glyphosate (for example, Roundup), the most widely - used herbicide in the United States, loses its efficacy on weeds grown at the increased carbon dioxide levels likely to occur in the coming decades.74 To date, all weed / crop competition studies where the photosynthetic pathway is the same for both species favor weed growth over crop growth as carbon dioxide is incincreased populations of some insect pests such as corn earworm.64 Furthermore, many of the most aggressive weeds, such as kudzu, benefit more than crop plants from higher atmospheric carbon dioxide, and become more resistant to herbicide control.72 Many weeds respond better than most cash crops to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations, particularly «invasive» weeds with the so - called C3 photosynthetic pathway, and with rapid and expansive growth patterns, including large allocations of below - ground biomass, such as roots.73 Research also suggests that glyphosate (for example, Roundup), the most widely - used herbicide in the United States, loses its efficacy on weeds grown at the increased carbon dioxide levels likely to occur in the coming decades.74 To date, all weed / crop competition studies where the photosynthetic pathway is the same for both species favor weed growth over crop growth as carbon dioxide is incincreased carbon dioxide levels likely to occur in the coming decades.74 To date, all weed / crop competition studies where the photosynthetic pathway is the same for both species favor weed growth over crop growth as carbon dioxide is increasedincreased.72

As such, increasing variability in moisture conditions have been linked to enhanced fires, as wet / dry oscillations promote rapid biomass growth and natural fire suppression (fuel accumulation), followed by subsequent burning [8,10 — 13As such, increasing variability in moisture conditions have been linked to enhanced fires, as wet / dry oscillations promote rapid biomass growth and natural fire suppression (fuel accumulation), followed by subsequent burning [8,10 — 13as wet / dry oscillations promote rapid biomass growth and natural fire suppression (fuel accumulation), followed by subsequent burning [8,10 — 13].

We recently reported on a possible negative carbon feedback of forest soils in higher latitudes: when such soils warm, nutrient availability may increase, as would (therefore) biomass production and CO2 uptake.

According to data collated by IEA (2006) the number of people using biomass resources as their primary fuel for cooking will increase (Table 4).

As is the case with biofuels, there is also the significant risk that inappropriately applied incentives to encourage biochar might increase the cost and reduce the availability of food crops, if growing biomass feedstocks becomes more profitable than growing food.»

Fifteen states, including President Bush's home state of Texas, have enacted legislation requiring utilities to increase their use of renewable energy sources such as wind power or biomass in generating a portion of their overall electricity.

As vast forests spread across the land living biomass increased by orders of magnitude, pulling down carbon as CO2 from the atmosphere to make wooAs vast forests spread across the land living biomass increased by orders of magnitude, pulling down carbon as CO2 from the atmosphere to make wooas CO2 from the atmosphere to make wood.

The group supports increased reliance on alternative fuels that are domestically produced, such as gasohol and biomass, and on cars such as plug - in hybrids that can draw energy from the grid.

As temperature increases — rainfall increases — decay organisms in particular proliferate and consume the accumulated biomass.

(1) globally, photosynthetic activity (fixation of biomass) on both the land and oceans is demonstrably on the increase as a consequence of both the so - called CO2 fertilization effect AND the vastly increased anthropogenic N & P nutrient input to the continental shelves; and this in turn is

As increasing nutrient availability increases the production of biomass per unit of photosynthesis2 and reduces heterotrophic3 respiration in forests, we expected nutrients to determine carbon sequestration in forests.