Sentences with phrase «as cell reprogramming»

Thanks to a promising technique known as cell reprogramming, this science fiction scenario may soon become reality.

The work recently received a $ 1.7 million National Institutes of Health grant to delve into the mechanisms that occur as the cells reprogram, and to employ the cells for treating the Parkinson's - like symptoms in a mouse model of hypomyelinating disease.

Not exact matches

By treating biology as software and reprogramming cells to treat diseases and other ailments, humans have already made tremendous progress in medicine, Kurzweil said Sunday.

Bellicum is among the flurry of biotechs investing heavily into cell therapies such as experimental chimeric antigen receptor T - cell (CAR - T) treatments for cancer (this is the next - gen treatment that involves reprogramming immune cells to become cancer killers and has shown promise in blood cancers, which Bellicum specializes in).

However, in 2007 Professor Wilmut announced that he had decided to change to an alternative method of research pioneered in Japan, known as direct reprogramming or «de-differentiation», which could create human embryonic cells without using human eggs or cloning human embryos.

Previous failures in reprogramming primate cells probably happened because the egg ran into roadblocks — portions of the body cell's DNA known as reprogramming - resistant regions, say study coauthor Mu - ming Poo, director of the Institute of Neuroscience at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai, and his colleagues.

As melanoma develops, these cells are eventually reprogrammed, lose their differentiated features and become invasive, migratory cancer cells.

Further ahead, he is looking to an emerging technology known as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), in which adult cells are reprogrammed to be like embryonic stem cells so they can transform into any type of cell.

Cellular reprogramming turns an adult cell, such as a skin cell, into an induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell.

But the methods used to reprogram cells can damage their DNA, and the iPS cells may not behave in exactly the same way as embryonic stem cells.

In 2006, Japanese scientists figured out how to reprogram specialized cells, such as those in skin, so that they act like embryonic stem cells.

To avoid the controversy surrounding these cells, scientists around the world have explored reprogramming mature cells to make them just as potent, with the hope being that such induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells might one day help replace diseased or damaged tissue.

Unpublished results from the researchers hint that significantly fewer anomalies are seen in iPS cells created via virus - free reprogramming strategies, such as ones that use proteins or small - molecule drugs.

The act of reprogramming cells to make them as capable as ones from embryos apparently can result in aberrant cells that age and die abnormally, suggesting there is a long way to go to prove such cells are really like embryonic stem cells and can find use in therapies.

These techniques include: human tissue created by reprogramming cells from people with the relevant disease (dubbed «patient in a dish»); «body on a chip» devices, where human tissue samples on a silicon chip are linked by a circulating blood substitute; many computer modelling approaches, such as virtual organs, virtual patients and virtual clinical trials; and microdosing studies, where tiny doses of drugs given to volunteers allow scientists to study their metabolism in humans, safely and with unsurpassed accuracy.

«The final step was the most unique — and the most difficult — as molecules had not previously been identified that could take reprogrammed cells the final step to functional pancreatic cells in a dish.»

The researchers reprogrammed the cells to create induced pluripotent stem cells in an FDA - compliant facility at the Broad Stem Cell Research Center; the use of this facility is an important step in the process as preclinical research moves toward human clinical trials.

These are cells taken from adult non-muscle tissues, such as skin or blood, and reprogrammed to revert to a primordial state.

But like the medieval alchemists, today's cloning and stem cell biologists are working largely with processes they don't fully understand: What actually happens inside the oocyte to reprogram the nucleus is still a mystery, and scientists have a lot to learn before they can direct a cell's differentiation as smoothly as nature's program of development does every time fertilized egg gives rise to the multiple cell types that make up a live baby.

The challenge is to reprogram the energy storing white fat cells into so - called «brite» (brown - in - white) fat cells in the body's white adipose tissue and thus make adipose tissue burn off excess energy as heat instead of storing it.

Moriguchi also presented a July 2011 patent application for «Methods and Compositions for Reprogramming Cells,» that names himself and Chung as the inventors and designates the assignee as «The General Hospital Corporation, Boston, MA,» the MGH legal entity.

Since Yamanaka's breakthrough, dozens of groups have reported other ways of reprogramming cells as well as techniques to control differentiation of stem cells into neurons, cardiovascular cells, and other tissues of interest for regenerative medicine.

And by creating personalized organoids from the reprogrammed cells of patients, scientists could study disease in a very individualized way — or maybe even use organoid structures to replace certain damaged tissues, such as in the liver or spinal cord.

As many as a dozen major labs, he says, have since tried but failed to make reprogramming work in human cellAs many as a dozen major labs, he says, have since tried but failed to make reprogramming work in human cellas a dozen major labs, he says, have since tried but failed to make reprogramming work in human cells.

The reprogrammed skin cells that have led to this enthusiasm seem to have the same properties as the embryonic stem cells (ESCs) found in human embryos just a few days old.

As a result, many of the studies published up to now describe only two or three patient stem cell lines,» says David Panchision, who oversees the NIMH's National Cooperative Reprogrammed Cell Research Group (NCRCRG) program, which supported this wcell lines,» says David Panchision, who oversees the NIMH's National Cooperative Reprogrammed Cell Research Group (NCRCRG) program, which supported this wCell Research Group (NCRCRG) program, which supported this work.

Seeking to take advantage of these traits, scientists can reprogram viruses to function as vectors, capable of carrying their genetic cargo of choice into the nuclei of cells in the body.

«As researchers started using these cells more, it became clear that during the process of reprogramming to create stem cells the cell was also rejuvenated in other ways,» says Jerome Mertens, a postdoctoral research fellow and first author of the new paper.

We did get some cells but they turned out to be tumour cells rather than the reprogrammed stem cells — known as induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells — that we were hoping for.

As explained by lead researcher, Dr Ferdinand von Meyenn, postdoctoral researcher in the Epigenetics research programme at the Babraham Institute and first author on the paper: «Our method establishes a reliable system that can be used to explore the early stages of epigenetic reprogramming in primordial germ cell - like cells and how this is regulated in the generation of reproductive cells.

Pluripotent stem cells include embryonic stem cells, which are derived from early embryos, and induced pluripotent stem cells, which are made by reprogramming cells taken from adult tissues such as skin.

Previous work suggested they were as malleable as embryonic stem cells and so could be reprogrammed to make any kind of tissue.

We have now discovered that this factor also acts as a catalyst when reprogramming adult cells into iPS,» explains Thomas Graf, senior group leader at the CRG and ICREA research professor.

The group combines several cutting - edge single molecule imaging techniques to study how protein organization, dynamics and stoichiometry relate to protein function in several fundamental biological processes, such as intracellular transport, autoimmune neurological disorders or stem cell reprogramming.

When technicians move the nucleus of an adult cell into an egg, the clone will survive only if the egg successfully reprograms the newly installed genes to function as they would in an embryo.

Recently biologists have begun reprogramming cells to carry out much more complex jobs, such as sensing bioweapons or cleaning up pollutants.

Cells along the injured nerve bundles, known as glial cells, change their original identity and are reprogrammed to «repair cells.&rCells along the injured nerve bundles, known as glial cells, change their original identity and are reprogrammed to «repair cells.&rcells, change their original identity and are reprogrammed to «repair cells.&rcells.»

But the favored reprogramming technique, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), otherwise known as research cloning, is fraught with ethical pitfalls as well as technical difficulties because it entails creating a human embryo by inserting an adult cell nucleus into an ooctye.

This approach has revealed new insights into the timing and coordination of the changes in gene activity and modifications to the DNA that occur as cells are reprogrammed from one state to another.

This strategy enabled the researchers to track and capture specific cell types as primed cells were reprogrammed to naïve cells, including at a much earlier time point and with better sensitivity than was previously possible.

In the new research, Prins and Liau used a technique called adoptive cell transfer, which involves extracting and growing immune cells outside of the body, then reprogramming them with a gene known as New York Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, or NY - ESO cell transfer, which involves extracting and growing immune cells outside of the body, then reprogramming them with a gene known as New York Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, or NY - ESO Cell Carcinoma, or NY - ESO - 1.

Using cells from mice and human livers, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute researchers demonstrated for the first time how under specific conditions, such as obesity, liver CD8 + T cells, white blood cells which play an important role in the control of viral infections, become highly activated and inflammatory, reprogramming themselves into disease - driving cells.

Skin cells reprogrammed to act like embryonic stem cells — a breakthrough first reported in human cells 2 weeks ago — are already showing promise as a therapeutic agent.

The researchers found the identical mixture of sensory interneurons developed when they added the same signaling molecules to induced pluripotent stem cells, which are produced by reprogramming a patient's own mature cells such as skin cells.

Figuring that out could help researchers better understand what happens as cells are reprogrammed and may also provide new clues to the molecular signals that control the difference between pluripotency and totipotency.

The identity of the cells was further confirmed by lineage tracing experiments, where the reprogrammed cells were implanted in chicken embryos and acted just as neural crest cells do.

Derivation of pluripotent stem cells, either of embryonic origin or following genetic reprogramming, has opened the path for an alternative source for epidermal cell therapy as these cells are both immortal and pluripotent, theoretically capable of providing any requested number of cells of any desired phenotype.

Further, they present two new hallmarks — reprogramming of energy metabolism and evasion of immune destruction — that have emerged as critical capabilities of cancer cells.

After some time during which reprogramming should take place, you start to evaluate the outcome and conduct functional assays, such as patch clamp recordings in case you try to obtain neurons to prove that cells really change their identity.

Similarly, biopsies are obtained from many subjects and skin cells (fibroblasts) are isolated from these specimens, dedifferentiated to iPS lines, and reprogrammed and studied as neural and glial lines in culture.