Sentences with phrase «as cell wall»

They found numerous genes activated in the XYL regulon - controlled yeast that upregulated pathways involved in growth, such as cell wall maintenance, cell division, mitochondrial biogenesis and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production.

Over time, pickled vegetables become softer and softer as their cell walls break down further because of the acetic acid and salt used in the pickling process.

Incorporating a synthetic phage genome into Gram - positive bacteria has so far been very problematic, as their cell walls are so thick.

There it can attach to the cells and release the nutrients to the areas that need it most.3 The lipid layer of a liposome functions the same way as cell walls, so the body can accept the nutrients from a liposome the same direct way that they would from another of the body's own cells.

Not exact matches

The BBB isn't quite an anatomical wall, as many assume it to be, but rather a phalanx of tightly meshed cells and protein complexes.

The hope one might have once placed in comparative advantage global capitalism and the internet / cell - phone wiring of all, began to look increasingly hollow, as Walmarts filled with cheap Chinese goods, real jobs went missing, real skills became rare, and the internet became known not so much for an Army of Davids shoring up our common commitment to liberty, but for mobbish comment swarms, porn, The Social Network, diversion all - the - more addictive for being personally tailored (see: the fictional fat - slobs of Wall - E, or the perpetually downward phone - gaze of our «dumb» millennials), and unprecedented possibilities for spying, defamation, and demagogic manipulation for those with access to big data.

We anticipate some sort of growth toward increased complexity: increasingly larger organic macromolecules, then the convergence of many macromolecules to constitute a simple living system, either as a cell with its protective wall and vital nucleus or as some functional analogue, then the convergence of many cells to form larger organisms.

You want to ban them because the single cell zygote attached to the uterine wall, in your minds, is EXACTLY THE same as a breathing, functional, sentient, concious person.

This is the most effective probiotic strain to take when trying to kill candida as it actively punctures the yeast cell walls and causes die off.

Ohly offers a wide range of products such as yeast extracts, inactive dry yeast, special vitamin yeast, yeast cell wall derivatives, medical yeast and autolysed yeast, based on bakers and / or Torula yeast, as well as wine yeast, specialty powders and starter cultures.

As J. Kenji Lopez - Alt from Serious Eats writes, «in order to access that flavor, you've got to break down cell walls either by cooking, grinding, or chewing».

You can't see the lysozyme level rising (lysozyme is an enzyme that takes out bacteria by dissolving their cell walls) as he gets mobile and begins the quest to fish fun things out of the toilet.

Ah, yes, soon Alan will come to think of the showers as the place where his cell - mates «take a trip to Israel» and the «wailing wall» will be a nightly pilgrimage.

Seaweed derivatives, such as the phycocolloid called «alginate,» made from the cell walls of Macrocystis, have long been the emulsifying agent in skin - care products.

TOUGH STUFF A new wood - compacting process crushes the gaps between cell walls in natural wood (porous structure seen in the scanning electron microscopy image, left), making the densified wood (right) as strong as steel.

«It binds highly affine and very specific to sugar molecules that sit in the cell wall of the fungi and which are normally recognized as «foreign» by the plant,» explains Professor of Molecular Biology Alga Zuccaro from the University of Cologne.

Using their nuclei to exert force, they insert themselves between — as well as into — the cells (called endothelial cells) in the vessel walls.

«Together these studies tell a story about how mushroom - forming fungi evolved a complex mechanism for breakdown of plant cell walls in «white rot» and then cast it aside following the evolution of mycorrhizal associations, as well as the alternative decay mechanism of «brown rot,»» Hibbett said.

People infected with HIV have few signs of microbial translocation during the first six months of infection as it takes time for the virus to kill off epithelial cells and weaken the gut wall so that bacteria can leak through — so treating them early could be more effective.

The end may already be nigh for the lander — after bouncing on the surface, the craft appears to have settled in the shadow of a wall of material, preventing it from receiving enough sunlight to its solar cells to function for more than a few days — but ESA counts the mission as a major success.

In the lab, the herbicide 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (sold as weed killer and called 2,4 - D) can prompt cells in culture to elongate, build a new cell wall, and start dividing to form embryos.

One of the components of the cell wall of gram - negative bacteria is lipopolysaccharide (LPS), known as endotoxin.

Increasing cell wall - associated GAG in A. nidulans enhanced resistance to NETs and increased the virulence of this species to the same level as A. fumigatus in immune - compromised mice with intact NET formation.

The new research shows that when the atheronals interact with various blood cells, they produce some of the effects known to lead to heart disease, such as causing a malfunction in the cells that line arterial walls.

Instead of producing antibiotics, as do penicillium moulds, the fungi used owe their effectiveness to chitin — the major structural polymer in fungal cell walls — and a sister compound called chitosan.

The dogma has been that the more smooth muscle cells in that wall — particularly in the innermost layer referred to as the «fibrous cap» — the more stable the plaque is and the less danger it poses.

As we age, fat and blood cells form hard plaques on the walls of our arteries.

As a first step, Williamson's team, in collaboration with other institutes, have produced eight mice whose milk contains lysostaphin, an enzyme which kills staphylococcal bacteria by dissolving their cell walls.

They've even injected white blood cells into the vessels and watched as they squeezed through gaps in the vessel wall to reach the tissue on the other side, just as they do in the human body.

Scientists are exploring ways to develop transparent or semi-transparent solar cells as a substitute for glass walls in modern buildings with the aim of harnessing solar energy.

Hina had developed the devastating immune reaction known as graft - versus - host disease, in which donor cells attack the walls of the gut, skin, lungs, liver, and sometimes — though rarely — even the patient's brain.

Cervicovaginal mucus (CVM) can act as a barrier to prevent pathogens from reaching the underlying vaginal wall cells, but the barrier properties vary greatly from woman to woman and even at different times in the same woman.

Other compounds that have been tested to stress plant cells include heavy metals, chemicals such as methyl jasmonate and sodium acetate, and the cell walls of microorganisms.

Unlike the offspring of asexual reproduction, the fertilized cells have hard cell walls that allow them to lie dormant on the bottom of ponds as they dry out for the summer.

The fungus makes the chelator and produces hydrogen peroxide from oxygen, and together they start to digest the cell wall into the sugar found in the basic building block of wood, glucose, which the fungus can use as food.

«The reason they don't just continually move away from the wall and go far away is because, as they move away, then also collide with other red blood cells, which force them back,» Shaqfeh explained.

As they push against the cell wall, they force the helix to rotate.

Leaders have said the Australian Synchrotron (AS) will push the boundaries of synchrotron science, allowing clinicians to image a single cancer cell in a woman's breast or plaques in the artery wall of a beating heart.

Fragments of the plant cell wall have been discovered that serve as regulatory molecules.

Actin allows the cell wall to maintain a thickness gradient — thicker at the base and thinner at the tip — as it grows.

This model is the first to include wall fibers and also reflected the tremendous internal pressure of a plant cell — 90 pounds per square inch, about the same pressure as a road - bike tire.

UNDER THE SKIN Researchers have discovered mysterious structures, such as these bubblelike compartments called vesicles that sit between the cell membrane (cyan) and the cell wall (purple) of the bacterium Halothiobacillus neapolitanus (cryotomogram, top; 3 - D reconstruction, bottom).

As part of the long effort to improve treatment of tuberculosis (TB), microbiologists led by Yasu Morita at the University of Massachusetts Amherst report that they have for the first time characterized a protein involved in making a glycolipid compound found in the TB cell wall, which is critical for the disease - causing Mycobacterium to become infectious.

Specifically, the researchers noted that the cell wall of strep is composed primarily of a single molecule known as the group A carbohydrate (or GAC) which, in turn, is built from repeating units of the bacterial sugar rhamnose and the human - like sugar N - acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc).

The 2.52 billion - year - old sulfur - oxidizing bacteria are described by Czaja as exceptionally large, spherical - shaped, smooth - walled microscopic structures much larger than most modern bacteria, but similar to some modern single - celled organisms that live in deepwater sulfur - rich ocean settings today, where even now there are almost no traces of oxygen.

What they found was that as the bile accumulated behind the blockage, the tube began to swell or bulge, and this put pressure on the cells that make up the wall of the tube.

Once these spores infiltrate the cell wall, the fungus «eats the plant alive,» as Bais says.

In another, a cancer cell trails sticky appendages as it rolls through a blood vessel and attempts to gain purchase on the vessel wall.

When inserted into the body, stem cells latch onto the structure and differentiate into cells that start to build bone, much as construction workers assemble walls, floors, and glass around a skyscraper's steel girders.

The contractile activity of smooth muscle cells in the walls of cerebral arteries determines the degree of constriction they experience (known as arterial tone) and thereby controls blood flow.