Sentences with phrase «as deep sediment»

Even today, iron is used to treat waters polluted with fertilizer to remove phosphorus by sinking it as deep sediment.

Not exact matches

Using the Great Barrier Reef as their study case, they estimated the evolution of the region over the last 14,000 years and showed that (1) high sediment loads from catchments erosion prevented coral growth during the early phase of sea level rise and favoured deep offshore sediment deposition; (2) how the fine balance between climate, sea level, and margin physiography enabled coral reefs to thrive under limited shelf sedimentation rates at 6,000 years before present; and, (3) how over the last 3,000 years, the decrease of accommodation space led to the lateral extension of coral reefs consistent with available observational data.

These samples augment other marine records such as coral and seashells, which provide detailed records over a short time period, and deep - ocean sediments, which preserve thousands of years of history but are harder to date precisely.

As Curiosity climbs Aeolis Mons, it should encounter layers of sediments revealing what mission leader John Grotzinger calls «the dimension of deep time».

Other hostile conditions deep in ocean sediments, such as scarce nutrients, high pressure, or extreme salinity, probably set life's limit in some places.

Oxygen from seawater permeated only the upper millimeter or so of sediment, but the researchers noticed something happening much deeper in the mud, more than a centimeter below, as if oxygen were available down there, as well.

When the researchers switched the electric current off by deoxygenating the water, thereby removing the electron acceptor at the sediment surface, the depth of the hydrogen sulfide layer in the sediment rose in less than an hour, as deeper microbes could no longer consume it.

Real - world data back the claim: Accumulations of calcium carbonate in deep - sea Pacific sediments show that the Pliocene ocean experienced huge shifts at the time, with waters churning all the way from the surface down to about three kilometers deep, as would be expected from a conveyor belt — type circulation.

The data come from deep - sea sediment cores dating to 205 million years ago that contain inorganic carbon - rich minerals as well as the organic remains of single celled marine phytoplankton.

The hydrate is extremely unstable; as it gets buried deeper by fresh sediment falling on the seafloor above, it warms enough to release its methane again.

On top of the mountain range, the 25 million - year old sediments expose boulders as large as a football, and torrents were less than 1 meter deep.»

Onboard our research vessel, the RV Sally Ride, are eight containers, each as large as a compact car, filled with sediment dredged from the deep Pacific Ocean floor.

«If we can get as deep as possible into sediment where there has been little contamination, I think we'll find many specimens like this,» Horner said.

As evidence, he pointed to large, deep pits at the base of the former ridge — «plunge pools» that were formed by the force of the waterfalls and later filled in with sediment.

This picture may be about to change in light of a study of deep - sea rocks and sediments led by John Parkes, a microbiologist at Cardiff University in the U.K.. By visiting oil - drilling projects at two sites in the Pacific in 2002, Parkes and colleagues obtained samples as deep as 400 meters beneath the seafloor.

Now, new evidence from a marine sediment core from the deep Pacific points to warmer ocean waters around Antarctica (in sync with the Milankovitch cycle)-- not greenhouse gases — as the culprit behind the thawing of the last ice age.

Bacteria, however, have remained Earth's most successful form of life — found miles deep below as well as within and on surface rock, within and beneath the oceans and polar ice, floating in the air, and within as well as on Homo sapiens sapiens; and some Arctic thermophiles apparently even have life - cycle hibernation periods of up to a 100 million years while waiting for warmer conditions underneath increasing layers of sea sediments (Lewis Dartnell, New Scientist, September 20, 2010; and Hubert et al, 2010).

As its name implies, it lives in deep burrows in soft sediment and can make large sand mounds around the entrance.

The % TS were high in all the examined intervals and the sedimentary sulfur occurred mainly as framboidal pyrite, indicating that sufficient sulfate, indicative of seawater, was present in the deep layer of the paleo - Arctic basin and that the pyrite was formed in the sediments under sufficient iron input.

(Methane hydrate can be found close to the sediment surface in deeper water depth settings, as for example in the Gulf of Mexico or the Nankai trough).

This will induce massive dissolution of CaCO3 in the water column as well as the sediment,... we project detectable dissolution - driven changes only by the year 2070 in the surface ocean and after 2230 and 2500 in the deep Atlantic and Pacific respectively.

[Response: As a modeler of the deep sediment column, I go to talks about observations of the real world (geology, in other words), and am struck by how simplistic the models are.

Chemical contaminants such as persistent organic pollutants, toxic metals (e.g., Hg, Cd, Pb, Ni), radioactive compounds, pesticides, herbicides, and pharmaceuticals are also accumulating in deep - sea sediments [252].

Proxy records of sea level are preserved in a variety of marine and terrestrial settings, such as sediments and organisms in deep ocean cores or once - submerged shorelines, and uplifted fossil reefs.

Another vast source of methane is in icy deposits known as methane hydrates, often in sediments deep under the world's oceans.

The clues found in sediments deposited during the late Holocene suggest that an ocean current that circles the southern polar region, known as Circumpolar Deep Water, flowed underneath the Cosgrove Ice Shelf and melted it.

Evidence from ice cores and deep - sea sediment has shown that the Northern climate also cooled before the Southern climate during these abrupt changes, creating a «bipolar seesaw,» with the North cool while the South was warm, and the South cooling as the North warmed.

Calcium carbonate is essentially insoluble compared to bicarbonate so insofar as shells rain down to the deep ocean or get buried under sediment on the continental shelfs this removes CO2 and calcium as well.

For a long time people thought that ocean pH was regulated ultimately by reactions between deep seawater and sediments, but as Walt Allensworth February 5, 2015 at 3:08 pm, says there are so many black, and clear, vents along the midocean ridges spewing acidic water, that these probably maintain ocean pH instead.

A clear drop in the carbonate content of deep - sea sediments directly points towards ocean acidification as a side effect, a perturbation to the carbon cycle that lasted about 170,000 years.

It is calculated that if the decline in CO2 levels were to continue at the same rate as it has over the past 140 million years, life on Earth would begin to die as soon as two million years from now and would slowly perish almost entirely as carbon continued to be lost to the deep ocean sediments.

As evidence for this interpretation, note the section «direct surface waves and body waves refracted at a deep -LRB--LCB- approx -RCB- 800 m) interface between the Plio - Pleistocenic marine, fluvial, and lacustrine sediments and the Miocene carbonate basement».

As part of the Dead Sea Deep Drill Core Project, Goldstein and other colleagues drilled deep below the lakebed of the Dead Sea in 2010 and 2011 to pull up more than 1,300 feet (400 meters) of sediment in a long column — a record of sediment deposits spanning 200,000 yeDeep Drill Core Project, Goldstein and other colleagues drilled deep below the lakebed of the Dead Sea in 2010 and 2011 to pull up more than 1,300 feet (400 meters) of sediment in a long column — a record of sediment deposits spanning 200,000 yedeep below the lakebed of the Dead Sea in 2010 and 2011 to pull up more than 1,300 feet (400 meters) of sediment in a long column — a record of sediment deposits spanning 200,000 years.

Archer et al. (13) provide evidence that methane hydrates in deep - sea sediments should be regarded as TE in the climate system.

«Generally, as you go deeper in an aquifer system, the water tends to be older and the longer it's been in contact with the surrounding sediment or bedrock material, it can leach out material from this rock.