Sentences with phrase «as economic output»

School of economic theory which states that the level of prices as well as economic output is determined by an economy's money supply.

Pollution may go down as economic output slows, or up as the government stimulates polluting industries

Not exact matches

The campaign plan expected «proposals on trade, regulatory and energy policy would raise economic output and revenues» to offset most of the remaining shortfall, as cited by the Tax Policy Center analysis.

And as a small business owner, you're likely concerned about a looming Congressional impasse, which could knock the wind out of the economy's momentum — shaving the country's economic output and your sales figures in the process.

Rescinding the program could mean the loss of as much as $ 460 billion in economic output over the next decade, according to a recently released report from the House Committee on Small Business, which was released by ranking member Nydia Velázquez (D. - N.Y.)

He also assumed the same level of economic output as was actually achieved through those years.

The banks says the long - oversupplied oil market is tightening up more quickly than expected as global economic growth fuels demand and output cuts by OPEC, Russia and several other producers eat into the world's crude stockpiles.

The estimate includes damage to homes and businesses as well as lost business and economic output.

Greece has committed to attaining a primary budget surplus — excluding debt servicing costs — of 3.5 % of economic output by 2018 as part of its third bailout package since 2010.

China's uneven economic recovery signals a looming dilemma for policymakers as official data released at the weekend showed inflation at a 10 - month high in February while factory output and consumer spending were weaker than forecast.

After quintupling since 2011, these investments, known as wealth management products, now total an amount roughly equal to more than one - third of the country's annual economic output.

His comments, made to the U.K.'s Daily Mail, came on the same day as a «raft of dismal economic news from around the world, with manufacturing output falling in Britain and Europe, unemployment jumping in the eurozone and America, and fast - emerging economies such as Brazil and China showing signs of running out of steam.»

It's important to understand that the USCI isn't a random concoction of data, but rather the gold standard for measuring current economic growth, as it summarizes the key coincident economic indicators used to determine the official start and end dates of U.S. recessions; namely, the broad measures of output, employment, income and sales.

Yes, the G7 output gap — the difference between actual output and economic potential — is shrinking as the U.S. economy has joined Germany, the UK and Canada in running near full capacity.

What's important to remember is that these long - term swings are driven by the fundamental economic laws of supply and demand, as well as the continuous technological progress that can affect both output and consumption.

With an energy - related rebound in inflation fading, signs of improving economic conditions need to be put into perspective, as the output gap across the region as a whole remains large, and so does the slack in its labor market.

With an energy - related rebound in inflation fading, signs of improving economic conditions need to be put into perspective — despite the strong performance of Germany, the bloc's largest economy — as the output gap across the region as a whole remains large, and so does the slack in its labor market.

However, as Neil Dutta, who scans the economic scene for Bank of America Merrill Lynch, observes, at least half the strength in auto output can be traced to the recovery from Japanese supply chains.

But the Chinese economic data for March — such as weaker growth in industrial output and investment - is suggesting that momentum is slowing.

As citizens flee for the mainland from the storm damage, output will likely fall and further decelerate the economic recovery.

The key economic numbers in the country that have been announced so far this month include the IHS Markit manufacturing PMI, which slipped to 55.9 in September from 56.7 in August, as growth in new orders and output led to rising commodity prices and disruptions in supply chains.

As you can tell from the far right column above, the main reason that OPEC's January output fell by 8,100 barrels per day from revised December figures was the decrease of 47,300 barrels per day in output from Venezuela, which is suffering from the effects of economic sanctions imposed by the US.

Furthermore, the Fed would like to adhere to the so - called «Taylor Rule» (in spite of Professor Taylor's protestations that it is misinterpreting and misusing his concept), a mathematical construct that purports to make monetary policy more «scientific» by establishing an arithmetic rule for varying the administered interest rate according to the variance of «actual from target inflation» (note that «inflation» refers to the change in a price index in this case, not the phenomenon of inflation of the money supply as such), as well as the variance of economic output from «potential output» (i.e, the so - called «output gap» is incorporated in the formula as well).

For example, contests that use pollution reduction as a lottery criterion can be too successful - driving down emissions hugely but at a significant cost to economic output.

In addition to the national impact, the BA examined output of the craft brewing industry by state, as well as the state economic contribution per capita for adults over 21.

«As a central estimate, we have assumed that these effects will net out and that the overall short - term effect of staging the London Olympics will be to boost UK economic output in Q3 by around 0.3 % to -0.4 %.

Building Bricks: Exploring the Global Research and Innovation Impact of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Korea, written by Jonathan Adams, David Pendlebury, and Bob Stembridge, highlights these countries» public and private investments in research and development, their scientific and engineering labor forces, their output of research papers and particularly active areas of research, their academic impact as measured by citations, and their economic potential based on innovation and patenting.

But the target submitted as part of a pending U.N. deal in Paris in December — to reduce emissions 36 percent per unit of economic output by 2030 compared with 2005 levels as well as peak emissions around 2030 — has not stemmed the criticism.

China, the world's biggest emitter of greenhouse gases, is betting on carbon trading as a key measure to cut its emissions for each unit of economic output 40 to 45 percent below 2005 levels by 2020.

Other variables, such as shared languages, economic output and climate were not found to be significantly associated with speeding or slowing the epidemic.

School Wastage Study - National Absenteeism in Armenia «The term, school wastage, can be broadly defined as lack of demonstrated school success or realized educational gain (or value), measured as output of student achievement, outcome of social and economic returns, from provided educational services, finance, and other schooling related consumption of resources.

Included in the PowerPoint: Macroeconomic Objectives (AS Level) a) Aggregate Demand (AD) and Aggregate Supply (AS) analysis - the shape and determinants of AD and AS curves; AD = C+I+G + (X-M)- the distinction between a movement along and a shift in AD and AS - the interaction of AD and AS and the determination of the level of output, prices and employment b) Inflation - the definition of inflation; degrees of inflation and the measurement of inflation; deflation and disinflation - the distinction between money values and real data - the cause of inflation (cost - push and demand - pull inflation)- the consequences of inflation c) Balance of payments - the components of the balance of payments accounts (using the IMF / OECD definition): current account; capital and financial account; balancing item - meaning of balance of payments equilibrium and disequilibrium - causes of balance of payments disequilibrium in each component of the accounts - consequences of balance of payments disequilibrium on domestic and external economy d) Exchange rates - definitions and measurement of exchange rates - nominal, real, trade - weighted exchange rates - the determination of exchange rates - floating, fixed, managed float - the factors underlying changes in exchange rates - the effects of changing exchange rates on the domestic and external economy using AD, Marshall - Lerner and J curve analysis - depreciation / appreciation - devaluation / revaluation e) The Terms of Trade - the measurement of the terms of trade - causes of the changes in the terms of trade - the impact of changes in the terms of trade f) Principles of Absolute and comparative advantage - the distinction between absolute and comparative advantage - free trade area, customs union, monetary union, full economic union - trade creation and trade diversion - the benefits of free trade, including the trading possibility curve g) Protectionism - the meaning of protectionism in the context of international trade - different methods of protection and their impact, for example, tariffs, import duties and quotas, export subsidies, embargoes, voluntary export restraints (VERs) and excessive administrative burdens («red tape»)- the arguments in favor of protectionism This PowerPoint is best used when using worksheets and activities to help reinforce the ideas talked about.

These differences also correlate with important long - run economic outcomes as documented in a new work by Chetty and co-authors, where they find suggestive evidence that «quality of schools — as judged by outputs rather than inputs — plays a role in upward mobility.»

Using the nearly $ 3 trillion drop in economic output resulting from the recent economic recession as a reference point, the author suggests that the achievement gap between the U.S. and academically top - performing countries «can be said to be causing the equivalent of a permanent recession.»

Baker argues that several states, such as Arizona, Tennessee and Michigan, are spending too small a share of their state's economic output on education.

A persistent gap in academic achievement between children in the United States and their counterparts in other countries deprived the US economy of as much as $ 2.3 trillion in economic output in 2008, McKinsey research finds.1 1.

As a result, local employment in non-tradeable sectors shrinks, and the cycle repeats perpetuating slow growth, or even a decline in economic output.

(Although we use the volatility of inflation as a proxy for economic volatility in this analysis, we could have also used the volatility of economic output, because the two are highly correlated.)

Yield curves change shape as the economic situation evolves, based on developments in macroeconomic factors like interest rates, inflation, industrial output, GDP figures and balance of trade.

Their proxy for real - time economic data available to a sophisticated investor is the 20 - day moving average of an economic growth index derived from principal component analysis of purely as - released industrial output, employment and economic sentiment.

An economic principle whereby the per unit cost of producing each unit of output falls as the volume of production increases.

I've inverted the inventory curve to highlight the close relationship between the two metrics, so what you're seeing is an inverse relationship between growth in the inventories - to - shipments ratio (blue) and economic output (red), as defined by non-defense durable good shipments, excluding aircraft.

Historically, a declining growth rate in the inventories - to - sales ratio has coincided with increased economic output, as we see in the chart below.

The following chart shows a similar inverse relationship between growth in the inventory - to - sales ratio and economic output, as defined by industrial production.

This yield curve is used as a benchmark for other debt in the market, such as mortgage rates or bank lending rates, and it is also used to predict changes in economic output and growth.

However, as the Baby Boomers retire, there will still be a lot of workers that are going to be moving into the economy and contributing — both through economic output and by spending.

Emerging countries contribute about 33 % of the world's total economic output (in nominal current terms), yet they account for just 14 % of the world's total market capitalization as measured by the MSCI All Country World (ACWI) index.

Dog food is an excellent example of a product that has tremendous direct value to the pet industry; it should come as no surprise that it makes up a significant portion of the economic output of the industry.

As explained on page 42 of The Rough Guide to Climate Change by Robert Henson, «carbon intensity is a measure of how much fossil fuel it takes to produce a certain amount of economic output.»

When the climate model output is fed into ecosystem models, and these in turn are coupled to socio - economic analysis tools, the potential future scenarios that come out, assuming the world continues its business as usual, appear rather grim, see e.g. the very interesting final report of the European ATEAM project.