Sentences with phrase «as electrical signals»

They managed to record the reactions at very high resolution, as the electrical signals were carefully controlled and could therefore be delivered multiple times with exact reproducibility.

We perceive sound after vibrations in the inner ear are detected by «hair cells» and transmitted to the brain as electrical signals.

An electronic stethoscope overcomes the problem of low sound levels by electronically amplifying body sounds, using an electromagnetic diaphragm that captures the diaphragm movement as an electrical signal.

Journal coverage includes basic signaling interests (e.g. neurotransmitters, ions and ion channels, receptors and messenger molecules, and kinases / phosphatases), as well as electrical signaling, signaling in neural circuits, neuroimaging, signaling aspects of pathologies, synaptic transmission and plasticity, and therapeutic intervention.

Not exact matches

By using methods and tools such as EEG or MRI, neuromarketing read electrical signals from the brain and analyze them to provide their clients with the answers they need.

Biosensors work by detecting a biological element (enzymes, whole cells or affinity biomolecules such as antibodies) and relaying the information through an electrical, optical or thermal signal.

A transducer sends high - frequency sound waves into the body; as the sound waves bounce off organs and structures, they produce electrical signals that are converted into images.

These materials are also used in everyday devices, such as loudspeakers, which rely on piezoelectrics to convert electrical signals to mechanical vibrations which create sound waves to produce the desired acoustic signal.

In most vertebrates and some mollusks, the eye works by allowing light to enter it and project onto a light - sensitive panel of cells known as the retina at the rear of the eye, where the light is detected and converted into electrical signals.

The semiconductor gallium arsenide (GaAs) is widely used, for instance in infrared remote controls, the high - frequency components of mobile phones and for converting electrical signals into light for fibre optical transmission, as well as in solar panels for deployment in spacecraft.

Electrical signals between neurons generate electric fields that radiate out of brain tissue as electrical waves that can be picked up by electrodes touching a persoElectrical signals between neurons generate electric fields that radiate out of brain tissue as electrical waves that can be picked up by electrodes touching a persoelectrical waves that can be picked up by electrodes touching a person's scalp.

Delicate bones in the middle ear, known as ossicles, convey the vibrations of the eardrum to the cochlea, the small, spiral chamber in the inner ear that converts acoustic signals to electrical.

As the animals learned, the researchers recorded electrical signals from individual neurons in the amygdala, a brain structure that forms memories of fearful experiences.

The hair cells formed normal bundles (see images) that responded to sound waves and signaled the brain, as measured by electrical recordings.

The active arm support is controlled by electrical (EMG) muscle signals or minimum muscle strength from the arm, which makes movement as intuitive and natural as possible.

As signals are sent from one cell to the next, rhythmic patterns of electrical activity, commonly known as brain waves, are generateAs signals are sent from one cell to the next, rhythmic patterns of electrical activity, commonly known as brain waves, are generateas brain waves, are generated.

The neuron accumulates its incoming electrical signals from connecting neurons through several terminals, and generates a short electrical pulse, known as a spike, when its threshold is reached.

He speculates that transient electrical signals flip dormant CPEB into their high - activity, prionlike state as part of memory formation.

That's a first step in creating electrical signals that could be sent to the fingers, which could virtually recreate sensations such as heat, pressure, and texture, the team reports online today in Nanotechnology.

Scientists in the US are planning to map the brain activity of the dragonfly as it hunts, using a specially built backpack to transmit electrical signals from the insect's active neurons to a computer.

In the study, the researchers show that after two to four weeks of 3 - D culture, the resulting muscle cells form muscle fibers that contract and react to external stimuli such as electrical pulses and biochemical signals mimicking neuronal inputs just like native muscle tissue.

«My work has focused on developing technology that translates electrical signals in human muscle into signals that control powered prosthetic limbs — such as decoding muscle signals to tell a prosthetic leg that it needs to walk forward or step up onto a staircase,» says Dr. Helen Huang, senior author of a paper on the work and an associate professor in the joint biomedical engineering program at North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

For this, electrical signals fire between neurons connected by «axons» — thread - like extensions of their outer surfaces which can be viewed as the «wire» in the electric circuit.

Each time, they got a measurable electrical signal; when metals such as platinum replaced the semiconductor strip, the effect disappeared, they report in the 17 August online Physical Review Letters.

Interestingly, by recording the electrical activity in the spinal cords of mice depleted of NPY interneurons, the researchers discovered that the NPY neurons seem to selectively inhibit or gate light touch signals coming from hairy skin, but not the non-hairy (glabrous) skin, such as the skin found on your palm.

Although the electrical activity of muscles, he explained, is normally considered as artifact noise that needs to be filtered out to attain clean EEG signals that are of interest, they are still informative about how facial muscles move, such as during a wink.

The researchers also demonstrated a signal processing technique to reduce environmental magnetic noise, such as from the electrical power grid, which otherwise limits the communications range.

Many touch screens are made of layered thin (billionths of a meter thick) films of indium - tin oxide, an inorganic material that is electrically conductive, which allows electrical signals to travel from the «touch» to the edges of the display, where they are sensed by the device — as well as optically transparent.

This may help us to understand how processes such as learning and memory formation, which require long - term changes in the brain, arise from the short bursts of electrical activity through which neurons signal to each other,» Greenberg said.

Both act as switches that can either transmit or not transmit electrical pulses, depending on signals they receive.

In studying the functional behavior of the brain, from control of muscles to the formation of memories, scientists are using such tools such as electron microscopy, recordings of electrical signals from individual brain cells, and imaging of brain structures and processes using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and high - resolution optical imaging.

Other neurons in the culture began to fire one by one as they received an electrical signal from one of their neighbors.

They also changed the electrode setup and added another layer of flexible electronic devices, known as ring oscillators, which convert the electrical signals emerging from the touch sensitive pyramids to a stream of digital electrical pulses.

The answer to this question has been slow in coming, as the tufted cells are extremely small — much too small for sticking an electrode into them and capturing their electrical signals.

The Sydney team's component, coined a microwave circulator, acts like a traffic roundabout, ensuring that electrical signals only propagate in one direction, clockwise or anti-clockwise, as required.

As the protective sheath — best imagined as the insulating material around an electrical wire — wears off, the nerve signals slow down or stop, and the patient's vision, sensation and use of limbs get impaireAs the protective sheath — best imagined as the insulating material around an electrical wire — wears off, the nerve signals slow down or stop, and the patient's vision, sensation and use of limbs get impaireas the insulating material around an electrical wire — wears off, the nerve signals slow down or stop, and the patient's vision, sensation and use of limbs get impaired.

As for those patients whose brains are trapped in inanimate bodies, implants that pick up electrical impulses can already translate neural signals to control a cursor, move a wheelchair, or say hello, although they are not now suitable for people with severe brain injuries.

Neurons in themselves are complex structures that use electrical and molecular signals to send information to neighbouring neurons, and the brain as a whole structure.

While the model's electrical signals are analogous to in vivo measurements, researchers warn that there are still many open questions as well as room to improve the model.

This change in electrical charge of the neuron is what propagates and sends the signal to the spinal cord and then to the brain to register as a sensation, such as pain or pressure.

In 1994, as a postdoctoral researcher then at the Max Planck Institute for Medical Research in Heidelberg, Germany, he became the first scientist to «patch» two living neurons simultaneously — to apply microscopic pipettes to freshly harvested rat neurons to measure the electrical signals fired between them.

My aim is to understand how these molecular components organize into biological functional complexes that control fundamental processes such as signaling and sensing, energy conversion and electrical action potential propagation.

During these experiments, Bensmaia and his team manipulated various features of the electrical pulse train, such as its amplitude, frequency and duration, and noted how the interaction of each of these factors affected the animals» ability to detect the signal.

Other investigators include Frank Tong, who has pioneered methods to «decode» mental states from brain imaging signals, and Sean Polyn, who uses brain imaging methods as well as recordings of the electrical signals from the scalp to learn how memories are formed and retrieved.

The electrical signals and chemical signatures that constitute the experience of the dream may disappear as wakefulness ensues, like a message written on a fogged mirror that vanishes as the steam evaporates.

The performance of biosensors, analytical devices that converts biological responses into electrical signals, can be improved by including nanoparticles as detection reagents.

This has opened up huge potential for computer technology applications, as data is currently transferred in the form of electrical signals but stored magnetically.

«It could be due to abnormal electrical signal conduction throughout the heart (such as arrhythmia), or weakened contraction force of heart muscles (like cardiomyopathy), or both.

The electrical signaling bottleneck between current microelectronic chips has left light communication as one of the only options left for further technological progress.

Eventually the paintings emerge, but the little bubbles, as we call them, are stimulating specific types of retinal ganglion cells in very specific ways, which is necessary, we know from other studies, to encourage their ongoing health by transmitting electrical signals down their axons to the brain.