Sentences with phrase «as electrodes in»

In the journal Review of Scientific Instruments [abstract], from AIP Publishing, the researchers detail the fabrication and optimization of the device, which is based on a phosphor screen and single - walled carbon nanotubes as electrodes in a diode structure.

If the researchers can use multiple diamond tips in different shapes and further control the process, «one can envision forming a predesigned ribbon network ready to serve as electrodes in a specific circuitry of a future device,» he says.

The new approach uses yarns, made from nanowires of the element niobium, as the electrodes in tiny supercapacitors (which are essentially pairs of electrically conducting fibers with an insulator between).

Metallic conductivity and hydrophilicity of MXenes have established them as electrodes in rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors, as well as other applications, including photothermal cancer therapy, electromagnetic shielding, water purification and gas sensing.

The highly conductive foam was tested as an electrode in lithium ion capacitors and found to be mechanically and chemically stable.

Not exact matches

Traumatic birthing experiences, like the use of drugs to induce labor and numb pain, internal electrode probes screwed onto baby's scalp, forceps, C - section, immediate cord clamping, suctioning, rough handling, bright lights, separation from mom and being left alone in a nursery incubator etc., can be hard - wired into a deep memory base that you, as a now functioning adult, can't even remember, let alone access!

In devices known as capacitors, energy is physically stored in an electric field between metal electrodeIn devices known as capacitors, energy is physically stored in an electric field between metal electrodein an electric field between metal electrodes.

Their experiments show that electrodes are wetted twice as fast in a vacuum as under normal pressure.

Then, Feng recognized a novel opportunity to directly measure whether tDCS generates EFs in deep brain areas among patients with movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, who are often treated by implanting DBS electrodes.

In other words, 4 mA current produced about twice as much voltage change across electrodes as 2 mA current and the bi-temporal montage provided higher voltage differences than the occipitofrontal montage.

As I had seen in the video in Schalk's office, each patient had the top of his skull removed and electrodes affixed to the surface of the cortex.

The results of this work could lead to the ability to design materials that have extensive surface areas that can be used in batteries as high durability silicon electrodes.

The prosthesis proposed by John Pezaris, an assistant in neuroscience at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) in Boston — at least as it's envisioned at this early stage — would be worn like a pair of eyeglasses, with digital cameras over a person's eyes that connect to an array of electrodes implanted in the brain.

Having the electrode in the form of tiny suspended particles instead of consolidated slabs greatly reduces the path length for charged particles as they move through the material — a property known as «tortuosity.»

In fact, there have been many efforts to improve lithium - ion battery or supercapacitor performance using alternative electrode materials such as carbon nanotubes and other manganese oxides.

For the past eight years, he and his colleagues have been studying epilepsy patients who have had electrodes implanted in a region of their brains called the medial temporal lobe, as part of a study to identify the source of their seizures.

Used as a counter electrode in a dye - sensitized solar cell, the material enabled the cell to convert power with up to 6.8 percent efficiency and more than doubled the performance of an identical cell that instead used an expensive platinum wire counter electrode.

As a result, electrodes in the ICX began to pick up neural responses to flashes of light, he reports in the 30 August issue of Science.

As batteries are used and charged, the electrochemical reaction results in the movement of ions between the two electrodes of a battery, which is the essence of an electrical current.

Metal nitrides such as titanium nitride, which offer both high conductivity and capacitance, are a promising alternative, but they tend to oxidize in watery environments that limits their lifetime as an electrode.

«Using a new layer - by - layer fabrication process, we created a microfluidic environment in which TEER - measuring electrodes are integral components of the chip architecture and are positioned as close as possible to the tissues grown in one or both of two parallel running channels,» said Olivier Henry, Ph.D., a Wyss Institute Staff Engineer who was the driving force behind the new Organ Chip designs.

In the case of diagnostic methods such as electrocardiogram (ECG) and electromyography (EMG), gel electrodes are the preferred method of transmitting electric impulses from the heart or muscle.

Using sunlight to create fuels (such as hydrogen on the other electrode in this solar cell) with inexpensively prepared electrodes may provide a solution to the intermittency drawback of solar energy.

Through a chemical process known as reduction / oxidation, one electrode steals electrons from glucose, the natural sugar in the blood, and becomes an anode, which releases electrons.

The team asked the patients to categorize a variety of images as fast as possible while their electrodes recorded the firing of nearly 1,500 single brain cells across the group in real time.

Schroeder and colleagues have caught this action in monkeys» brains, and more recently, in people implanted with electrodes as part of epilepsy treatment.

Miller and colleagues saw this push - and - pull action in the brains of monkeys with implanted electrodes as the animals completed a tricky memory task, one that required the monkeys to hold several pieces of information in their minds at the same time.

In a new study by Flesher et al., microelectrode arrays were implanted into the primary somatosensory cortex of a person with spinal cord injury and, by delivering current through the electrodes, generated sensations of touch that were perceived as coming from his own paralyzed hand.

Unlike the electrodes used in lithium - ion batteries, these organic compounds don't rely on intercalation — the process of continuously integrating ions into their molecular matrix, which slows down as the temperature drops.

«Until now, the only way to achieve this was a risky surgical procedure known as deep brain stimulation, in which electrodes are implanted directly inside the thalamus,» he said.

In a real battery, thousands of these particles form an electrode, and positively charged lithium ions embed in the electrode as the battery chargeIn a real battery, thousands of these particles form an electrode, and positively charged lithium ions embed in the electrode as the battery chargein the electrode as the battery charges.

As the name implies, the technique involves electrical currents flowing through electrodes in random pulses, activating neurons in multiple brain areas.

One strategy has been to try to transform the electrodes from flat sheets into a forest - like array of carbon pillars, which are then wired together in long alternating rows to serve as negative and positive electrodes.

A result is that a property known as the capacitance decreases, which in turn raises the voltage between the two electrodes.

Laid down in thin films, randomly oriented carbon nanotubes form conductive networks that can serve as electrodes; patterned and layered films can function as sensors or transistors.

In 1990, Garnier's team unveiled a transistor made mostly from plastics; but this still needed some metallic components, such as gold and silver for the electrodes (Technology, 15 December 1990).

«Being able to tell if there is a tendency for a reaction to take place in a specific part of the electrode, and better yet, the location of reactions within individual nanoparticles in the electrode, would be extremely useful because then you could understand how those localized reactions correlate with the behavior of the battery, such as its charging time or the number of recharge cycles it can undergo efficiently,» Cabana said.

How one woman learned to use the electrodes implanted in her brain as an extension of her nervous system.

In particular, they have to increase the number of charge / discharge cycles significantly, which could be achieved by improving battery and electrode designs as well as by using coatings other than reduced graphite oxide.

These alternative electrodes could be capable of storing nearly three times as much energy as graphite, the material of choice in current lithium - ion batteries.

As a result, an electrode particle swells as a whole, i.e. it increases in volume only to shrink again once the charges leave the particlAs a result, an electrode particle swells as a whole, i.e. it increases in volume only to shrink again once the charges leave the particlas a whole, i.e. it increases in volume only to shrink again once the charges leave the particle.

One group turned to an electrochemical approach, which can be adapted for in - the - field use, but their technique involved toxic mercury as the electrode.

Wachsman and his research colleagues have also published details in Science on a potential path toward SOFCs that operate at temperatures as low as 350 degrees C with a new design that features high - conductivity electrolytes and a specially nanostructured electrode.

Despite these challenges, Moritz thinks that smaller electrodes, smart engineering — such as floating electrode arrays under the skull — and advances in wireless technology could provide an answer to paralysis in as little as 10 years.

Just as Edgerton's device activated the rats» nervous systems, Harkema's rechargeable and programmable device would tell the electrodes connected to the dura how much electricity to apply to neurons in the lower spinal cord, and how often.

During this split second of surprise, electrodes in the cap register a cascade of electrical impulses known as a P - 300 response.

Batteries that have solid - state electrolytes work in high temperatures, but the electrolytes don't connect as well with electrodes, which hurts performance.

They also printed vertical electrodes in a cavity, as well as lines of copper.

Or the positioning of the electrodes might have been partially to blame: In a separate study, which began after the BROADEN trial, Mayberg and colleagues discovered that they could improve response rates — by as much as 80 % in 24 patients — by fine - tuning the electrodes» positioIn a separate study, which began after the BROADEN trial, Mayberg and colleagues discovered that they could improve response rates — by as much as 80 % in 24 patients — by fine - tuning the electrodes» positioin 24 patients — by fine - tuning the electrodes» position.

Instead of creating a sugar molecule, as they would in a spinach leaf, the electrons passed through the semiconductor and into the electrode.