Sentences with phrase «as estimation errors»

These differences are also almost impossible to estimate with any reliability, as estimation errors will often be larger than the differences researchers are trying to estimate.

Not exact matches

We have only imperfect measures of teachers» effectiveness and, with one year of data, the variance in the estimation error can be as large as the variance in underlying teacher effects.

I wouldn't necessarily read too much into the AE - derived October number being 2.4 % lower than the Amazon - derived one for September: it could just as easily be estimation error — for example, as mentioned earlier, our estimated US share of the overall global Kindle pot, at 77.5 %, could have actually been high by 2.5 %... or, for that matter, low by 2.5 %.

The proposed scheme uses the channel estimation matrix for detection and treats the interference caused by channel estimation errors and additive white Gaussian noise as equivalent noise where the channel estimation matrix and the statistical characteristic of channel estimation errors are necessitated.

If you've ever taken a statistics or econometrics course, you might recognize the calculation and application of the left - inverse as the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation of the weights; that means that in this case, «closest» implies that the weights we found minimize the sum of the squares of the differences («errors» or «residuals») between our replicated portfolio and VTSMX.

How do we know that it was the anthropogenics (commonly referred to as CO2 & the subject of the political Kyoto decision) that resulted in the closer estimation and not some competing / compensating errors in the natural model that do not show up until the 1970 - 2000 etc temp rises?

For background behind the flattening - MRES process, glance at estimation theory and take a slightly longer look at least squares (minimizing the sum of the squared errors — related article at Minimum mean squared error — minimizing sum - of - squares and mean squared error are the same thing, and essentially the same thing as minimizing variance and standard deviation).

For the estimation of the total ocean heat content (OHC) a lesser precision would probably be almost as good, because errors of individual measurements always cancel to a large extent as long as the floats do not have common systematic errors.

Statistics as such has a part to play in error estimation, assessing observational reliability, and, e.g., in the mathematical expression of Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics.

Insofar as it is not, and the relationship between changes in greenhouse gases is different in the future to in the past, then the two AF estimation fractional errors will differ.

Mplus v7.11 was used for all analyses.23 SDQ items were treated as ordinal, with weighted least - squares means and variance — adjusted estimation used.23 Given the χ2 statistic's propensity to reject good models when samples are large and / or complex, the comparative fit index (CFI) and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) were used to assess model fit.

Twins as a paired event were accounted for using robust estimation of standard errors and were not imputed, as there was no missing data for twins.